Q70. Which Article specifies Delhi as the seat of the Supreme Court of India?
[SSC MTS 2022, held 12 May 2023]
(A) Article 132
(B) Article 131
(C) Article 130
(D) Article 129
Answer: (C) Article 130
Explanation: Article 130 fixes Delhi as the Supreme Court’s seat while allowing other places to be appointed by the Chief Justice with presidential approval. Article 129 recognizes the Court as a court of record.
Q69. Which judge of the Supreme Court stepped aside from a hearing concerning the Enforcement Directorate chief’s tenure?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 25 July 2023, Shift 1]
(A) Justice U.U. Lalit
(B) Justice K.M. Joseph
(C) Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul
(D) Justice S. Ravindra Bhat
Answer: (C) Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul
Explanation: The relevant judge was Justice S.K. Kaul. Recusal serves judicial impartiality by preventing circumstances that may create reasonable doubt about a judge’s ability to determine a case independently and without conflicting interests.
Q68. The principle that law declared by the Supreme Court binds courts throughout India is found in which Article?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 21 July 2023, Shift 2]
(A) Article 141
(B) Article 140
(C) Article 142
(D) Article 143
Answer: (A) Article 141
Explanation: Article 141 ensures that binding Supreme Court precedents provide uniform legal guidance to subordinate courts and High Courts. It should be distinguished from Article 142, which supplies the Court’s complete-justice jurisdiction.
Q67. Who fixes salaries of Supreme Court judges by law?
[RPSC Executive Officer–Revenue Officer, 14 May 2023, Shift 2]
(A) Governor
(B) Election Commission
(C) Chief Minister of Delhi
(D) Parliament
Answer: (D) Parliament
Explanation: Supreme Court judges’ remuneration is prescribed through parliamentary legislation, subject to constitutional guarantees that protect judicial independence. State Governors and Chief Ministers do not have authority to determine salaries of judges of the national apex court.
Q66. Which country’s Chief Justice attended India’s Supreme Court seventy-third Foundation Day celebrations as chief guest?
[RPSC Executive Officer–Revenue Officer, 14 May 2023, Shift 2]
(A) Maldives
(B) South Africa
(C) Australia
(D) Singapore
Answer: (D) Singapore
Explanation: Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon of Singapore attended the Supreme Court of India’s seventy-third anniversary celebrations in 2023. The event reflects institutional dialogue between courts, but the Chief Justice of Singapore has no judicial authority within India.
Q65. Which statement about the Supreme Court’s Maneka Gandhi judgment is INCORRECT?
[RPSC Rajasthan Administrative Service Prelims 2023]
(A) It places the burden entirely on the petitioner to show unfair procedure
(B) It connects Articles 14, 19 and 21
(C) It requires procedure to be fair and non-arbitrary
(D) It expanded protections for personal liberty
Answer: (A) It places the burden entirely on the petitioner to show unfair procedure
Explanation: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978) rejected a narrow formal reading of Article 21. The Court required procedures affecting liberty to be fair, just and reasonable and linked equality, freedoms and due process.
Q64. Which Supreme Court case concerned juvenile justice in the State of Madhya Pradesh?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 17 July 2023, Shift 2]
(A) Maneka Gandhi case
(B) Vishaka case
(C) Navtej Singh Johar case
(D) Devilal v. State of Madhya Pradesh
Answer: (D) Devilal v. State of Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: The listed case was Devilal v. State of Madhya Pradesh. Juvenile-justice jurisprudence focuses on the offender’s age at the relevant time, lawful procedure, and safeguards for children within the criminal justice system.
Q63. In which case did the Supreme Court affirm that consenting adults may marry without family approval?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 21 July 2023, Shift 1]
(A) Lata Singh v. State of U.P.
(B) Shafin Jahan v. Asokan K.M.
(C) Hadiya case
(D) Laxmibai Chandaragi B. v. State of Karnataka
Answer: (D) Laxmibai Chandaragi B. v. State of Karnataka
Explanation: The decision in Laxmibai Chandaragi emphasized the freedom of adults to choose a spouse and rejected coercive family interference. That choice is protected by personal liberty and decisional autonomy within Article 21.
Q62. Which Supreme Court case addressed reservation in promotion for employees with disabilities?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 17 July 2023, Shift 3]
(A) Indra Sawhney v. Union of India
(B) Rajeev Gupta v. Union of India
(C) State of Kerala v. Leesamma Joseph
(D) State of Kerala v. N.M. Thomas
Answer: (C) State of Kerala v. Leesamma Joseph
Explanation: Leesamma Joseph clarified legal protections concerning promotion of employees with disabilities. The Court distinguished disability rights from frameworks that may govern reservation based on social categories, reinforcing equal access and reasonable accommodation.
Q61. The Supreme Court stayed or disallowed OBC reservation in local-body elections in which pair of States?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 18 July 2023, Shift 1]
(A) Gujarat and Rajasthan
(B) Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh
(C) Punjab and Haryana
(D) Odisha and Bihar
Answer: (B) Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: The question referred to litigation over OBC reservations in local self-government elections in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. The Court emphasized data and procedural conditions, including the triple-test framework, before applying such quotas.
