Q120. Under the Family Courts Act, cities and towns above which population threshold must have a Family Court established?
[RPF Constable, 2025]
A. Five lakh
B. Thirty lakh
C. Twenty lakh
D. Ten lakh
Answer: (D) Ten lakh
Explanation: Section 3 of the 1984 Act provides for Family Courts in areas of cities or towns whose population exceeds one million, subject to statutory terms. State governments may also establish such courts in other places after consulting the High Court.
Q119. Which 1945 committee’s recommendations influenced provisions on appointments to the Supreme Court and High Courts?
[MPPSC State Service Preliminary, 2025]
A. Harendra Kumar Committee
B. Usha Nath Sen Committee
C. S. Varadachari Committee
D. Tej Bahadur Sapru Committee
Answer: (D) Tej Bahadur Sapru Committee
Explanation: The Sapru Committee, associated with Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, examined constitutional reform during 1944–45. Its work informed debates on judicial structure, appointments and independence leading toward the post-independence constitutional framework.
Q118. Who appoints the Chief Justice and other judges of a High Court?
[SSC GD Constable, 2025]
A. Governor
B. Chief Minister
C. President
D. Prime Minister
Answer: (C) President
Explanation: Article 217 vests High Court judicial appointments in the President, following required consultations. The Governor plays a consultative role rather than being the appointing authority. The rule also applies to High Court Chief Justices.
Q117. Which article declares each High Court to be a court of record?
[MPSC Group B, 2025]
A. Article 215
B. Article 216
C. Article 217
D. Article 218
Answer: (A) Article 215
Explanation: Article 215 makes every High Court a court of record and gives it power to punish for contempt of itself. This is an inherent constitutional judicial power and a significant feature of the High Court’s authority.
Q116. Which authority appoints district judges after consulting the High Court?
[MPSC Group B, 2024 cycle (held 2025)]
A. High Court Chief Justice alone
B. State Public Service Commission
C. Chief Minister
D. State Governor
Answer: (D) State Governor
Explanation: Article 233 provides that the Governor appoints district judges in consultation with the state’s High Court. The provision is a notable exception to the rule that High Court judges themselves are appointed by the President.
Q115. Under which subsection is a Lok Adalat award final and binding on the parties?
[UPHESC Assistant Professor Law, 2025]
A. Section 21(2)
B. Section 20(2)
C. Section 22(2)
D. Section 23(2)
Answer: (A) Section 21(2)
Explanation: Section 21(2) of the Legal Services Authorities Act declares a Lok Adalat award final and binding on the parties, with no appeal lying against it. The settlement’s consensual nature is central to this statutory finality.
Q114. Which section gives Lok Adalats certain civil-court powers while conducting proceedings?
[UPHESC Assistant Professor Law, 2025]
A. Section 27
B. Sections 28 and 29
C. Section 29A
D. Section 22
Answer: (D) Section 22
Explanation: Section 22 of the Legal Services Authorities Act grants specified civil-court powers to Lok Adalats, such as summoning witnesses and receiving documents. The procedural powers support conciliation; they do not turn an ordinary Lok Adalat into a conventional trial court.
Q113. Under which law are Lok Adalats regulated?
[UPHESC Assistant Professor Law, 2025]
A. Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
B. Indian Contract Act, 1872
C. Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987
D. Specific Relief Act, 1963
Answer: (C) Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987
Explanation: Lok Adalats have statutory recognition under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987. The Act defines how they are organized, what disputes may be taken up and the legal effect of awards reached through settlement.
Q112. How many High Courts were there in India in 2025?
[Telangana High Court Record Assistant, 2025]
A. 36
B. 23
C. 35
D. 25
Answer: (D) 25
Explanation: As described in the 2025 exam, India had twenty-five High Courts. Some courts exercise jurisdiction over more than one state or Union territory. The number of High Courts therefore does not equal the number of states.
Q111. Which former IPC provisions were referred to for treating Lok Adalat proceedings as judicial proceedings?
[UPHESC Assistant Professor Law, 2025]
A. Sections 193, 219 and 228
B. Sections 193, 220 and 227
C. Sections 193, 221 and 228
D. None of the stated groups
Answer: (A) Sections 193, 219 and 228
Explanation: Section 22(3) of the Legal Services Authorities Act treated Lok Adalat proceedings as judicial proceedings for specified IPC provisions, including Sections 193, 219 and 228. The reference reflects the legal seriousness of evidence and conduct during those proceedings.
