Q60. At which city is the Punjab and Haryana High Court located?
[RRB Group D, 2022]
A. Firozpur
B. Karnal
C. Chandigarh
D. Faridabad
Answer: (C) Chandigarh
Explanation: The Punjab and Haryana High Court has its principal seat at Chandigarh and serves both Punjab and Haryana as well as Chandigarh. It illustrates the common High Court arrangement contemplated by Article 231.
Q59. Under which article does the Constitution provide for a High Court for every state?
[RRB NTPC, 2022]
A. Article 214
B. Article 248
C. Article 188
D. Article 148
Answer: (A) Article 214
Explanation: Article 214 establishes the constitutional baseline that every state has a High Court. Article 231 qualifies the territorial scheme by enabling Parliament to establish a common High Court for multiple states or states and a Union territory.
Q58. Which article concerns a High Court for a Union territory?
[RRB NTPC, 2022]
A. Article 241
B. Article 221
C. Article 263
D. Article 189
Answer: (A) Article 241
Explanation: Article 241 allows Parliament to create a High Court for a Union territory or designate an existing court as one. By contrast, Article 221 addresses salaries and other conditions of service of High Court judges.
Q57. As of December 2021, how many High Courts functioned across India?
[RRB NTPC, 2022]
A. 25
B. 30
C. 28
D. 20
Answer: (A) 25
Explanation: Twenty-five High Courts functioned in India in December 2021. Several exercised jurisdiction over multiple territorial units. A count tied to a historical date should be used exactly as framed, rather than assumed to represent all future periods.
Q56. Which article empowers High Courts to issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
[SSC CHSL, 2021 cycle (held 2022)]
A. Article 226
B. Article 235
C. Article 230
D. Article 242
Answer: (A) Article 226
Explanation: Article 226 authorizes High Courts to issue writs and directions for Fundamental Rights and other purposes. Article 235 instead gives High Courts control over subordinate courts. The two powers serve distinct constitutional functions.
Q55. In Aparna Bhat v State of Madhya Pradesh, which bail condition imposed by the High Court was set aside?
[SSC CHSL, 2021 cycle (held 2022)]
A. Paying money
B. Getting married
C. Tying a rakhi
D. Obtaining a job
Answer: (C) Tying a rakhi
Explanation: The Supreme Court set aside an inappropriate condition requiring an accused to have a rakhi tied in connection with bail. The judgment emphasized that courts must avoid stereotyped reasoning when handling allegations involving sexual offences.
Q54. Which listed High Court is the oldest in India?
[SSC CHSL, 2021 cycle (held 2022)]
A. Karnataka High Court
B. Calcutta High Court
C. Allahabad High Court
D. Delhi High Court
Answer: (B) Calcutta High Court
Explanation: The Calcutta High Court began functioning in July 1862, making it the oldest among the listed courts. Other early chartered High Courts were formed at Bombay and Madras under the 1861 Indian High Courts Act.
Q53. A High Court judge normally holds office until attaining what age?
[HP High Court Clerk, 2022]
A. Sixty
B. Sixty-three
C. Sixty-two
D. Sixty-five
Answer: (C) Sixty-two
Explanation: The ordinary retirement age of a permanent High Court judge is sixty-two years under Article 217. Supreme Court judges retire at sixty-five, while an additional High Court judge may serve a shorter appointed term.
Q52. Which section of the Legal Services Authorities Act provides for establishment of Permanent Lok Adalats?
[NHPC Junior Engineer Civil, 2022]
A. Section 22E
B. Section 22D
C. Section 22B
D. Section 22A
Answer: (C) Section 22B
Explanation: Section 22B empowers specified legal-services authorities to establish Permanent Lok Adalats for public utility services. Other provisions define their cognizance of disputes, procedure and effect of awards. These institutions differ from conventional compromise-based Lok Adalats.
Q51. What article empowers a High Court to issue writs?
[WBCS Mains, 2021 cycle (held 2022)]
A. Article 32
B. Article 220
C. Article 226
D. Article 344
Answer: (C) Article 226
Explanation: Article 226 authorizes High Courts to issue writs and orders for enforcing Fundamental Rights and other purposes. The power is territorially conditioned and is distinct from Supreme Court remedies under Article 32.
