Q100. Which amendment raised the upper age limit for High Court judges to sixty-two years?
[RPSC Assistant Professor, 2024]
A. 15th Amendment
B. 17th Amendment
C. 26th Amendment
D. 28th Amendment
Answer: (A) 15th Amendment
Explanation: The Fifteenth Constitutional Amendment of 1963 modified Article 217 by increasing High Court judges’ retirement age to sixty-two. The amendment also made several other judiciary-related changes. The Supreme Court’s age of retirement remains sixty-five.
Q99. Anna Chandy, India’s first female High Court judge, served on which High Court?
[SSC CGL, 2024]
A. Calcutta
B. Kerala
C. Madras
D. Andhra Pradesh
Answer: (B) Kerala
Explanation: Anna Chandy joined the Kerala High Court as a judge in 1959 after an earlier judicial career. Her appointment marked a breakthrough in women’s representation in the higher judiciary and is frequently examined as an important legal-history fact.
Q98. How many High Courts existed in India as of March 2023?
[SSC CGL, 2024]
A. 25
B. 35
C. 30
D. 20
Answer: (A) 25
Explanation: India had twenty-five High Courts at the stated reference date. Some High Courts exercise jurisdiction over more than one state or Union territory. Therefore the number is lower than the aggregate count of territorial units.
Q97. Which writ enables a superior court to quash an unlawful order of an inferior judicial or quasi-judicial body?
[DSSSB Assistant Superintendent, 2024]
A. Prohibition
B. Mandamus
C. Quo warranto
D. Certiorari
Answer: (D) Certiorari
Explanation: Certiorari is used to quash decisions of inferior courts or tribunals for jurisdictional or significant legal errors. Prohibition generally restrains continuation of proceedings beyond jurisdiction, while mandamus compels performance of a public duty.
Q96. Which article states that there shall be a High Court for each state?
[SSC CPO, 2024]
A. Article 214
B. Article 125
C. Article 245
D. Article 275
Answer: (A) Article 214
Explanation: Article 214 provides that each state shall have a High Court. However, Article 231 enables Parliament to provide a common High Court serving two or more states or states and Union territories. Both provisions must be read together.
Q95. At which Maharashtra location was the first Gram Nyayalaya established?
[Bombay High Court Peon, 2024]
A. Niphad
B. Yeola
C. Ralegan Siddhi
D. Ashti
Answer: (B) Yeola
Explanation: The reported first Gram Nyayalaya in Maharashtra was established at Yeola in Nashik district. These village-level courts were introduced under the 2008 Act to improve access to affordable justice in rural and relatively remote areas.
Q94. Who was serving as Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court at the time of the 2024 examination?
[WBPSC Food Sub-Inspector, 2024]
A. Justice Surya Kant
B. Justice D. Y. Chandrachud
C. Justice T. S. Sivagnanam
D. None of these
Answer: (C) Justice T. S. Sivagnanam
Explanation: Justice T. S. Sivagnanam was Chief Justice of the Calcutta High Court at the time referred to in the examination. Chief Justice appointments are constitutional appointments under Article 217, and names must be interpreted in their historical context.
Q93. In which year was the Bombay High Court established?
[SSC GD Constable, 2024]
A. 1863
B. 1862
C. 1861
D. 1864
Answer: (B) 1862
Explanation: The Bombay High Court was established in August 1862 under the Indian High Courts Act of 1861. It was among the three historic Presidency High Courts with Calcutta and Madras. Establishment followed the enabling legislation.
Q92. How does the Constitution characterize the process for removing higher-court judges?
[SSC GD Constable, 2024]
A. A removal process only for High Court judges
B. A stringent removal procedure
C. No procedure exists
D. A flexible ordinary removal process
Answer: (B) A stringent removal procedure
Explanation: The Constitution protects superior judges through a demanding removal process involving special parliamentary majorities and specified grounds. High Court judges are removed in the same manner as Supreme Court judges, reinforcing security of tenure and judicial independence.
Q91. Who was the inaugural Chief Justice of the Chhattisgarh High Court?
[CGPSC State Service Preliminary, 2024]
A. Justice W. A. Shishak
B. Justice Ramesh Sinha
C. Justice A. K. Patnaik
D. Justice A. S. V. Moorthy
Answer: (A) Justice W. A. Shishak
Explanation: Justice W. A. Shishak became the first Chief Justice of the Chhattisgarh High Court when the state and its High Court were formed in 2000. The court’s principal seat is at Bilaspur.
