Q160. Which appointments can the state Governor make:
(a) High Court judges,
(b) District judges,
(c) Advocate General?
[EMRS TGT, 2025]
A. Only b and c
B. Only c
C. Only a
D. Only a and b
Answer: (A) Only b and c
Explanation: Under Articles 233 and 165, the Governor appoints district judges, following High Court consultation, and appoints the Advocate General. High Court judges are appointed instead by the President, after requisite consultation under Article 217.
Q159. Ashish Naithani was appointed a judge of which High Court?
[MP Police Constable, Memory-Based, 2025]
A. Uttarakhand High Court
B. Punjab and Haryana High Court
C. Rajasthan High Court
D. Patna High Court
Answer: (A) Uttarakhand High Court
Explanation: The reported appointment of Ashish Naithani was to the Uttarakhand High Court. High Court appointments under Article 217 are made by the President. This is a historical personnel question, not an assertion about later judicial postings.
Q158. Who was Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh High Court as of 31 July 2025?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, 2025]
A. Justice Arun Palli
B. Justice B. R. Gavai
C. Justice Dinesh Maheshwari
D. Justice Kaveri Baweja
Answer: (A) Justice Arun Palli
Explanation: Justice Arun Palli was serving as Chief Justice of the High Court for Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh on the specified date. That High Court has jurisdiction over both Union territories; the officeholder answer is date-specific.
Q157. Tribunals in India often handle which type of disputes requiring particular expertise?
[OSSSC Combined Recruitment Examination, 2025]
A. Personal preferences
B. Political party nominations
C. Religious worship only
D. Technical and administrative matters
Answer: (D) Technical and administrative matters
Explanation: Tribunals are specialized adjudicatory bodies for subjects such as public service, taxation and environmental disputes. Their composition and procedures reflect relevant legal or technical expertise. They should not be confused with legislatures, executive offices or election commissions.
Q156. What is the principal statutory focus of the National Green Tribunal?
[OSSSC Combined Recruitment Examination, 2025]
A. Environment protection and conservation of forests and resources
B. Interstate political boundaries
C. All industrial employment disputes
D. Acquisition of agricultural land exclusively
Answer: (A) Environment protection and conservation of forests and resources
Explanation: The NGT adjudicates environmental cases involving protection of the environment, forests and other natural resources. Established under the 2010 legislation, it may provide relief and compensation in relevant disputes, subject to the statutory jurisdiction.
Q155. Which subject is not enumerated for tribunals under Article 323B?
[OSSSC Combined Recruitment Examination, 2025]
A. Elections to legislative bodies
B. Marriage and divorce
C. Rent and tenancy matters
D. Ceiling on urban property
Answer: (B) Marriage and divorce
Explanation: Article 323B lists matters such as taxation, industrial and labour disputes, land reform, property ceilings, elections and rent. Marriage and divorce are not among the listed subjects. This differs from Family Courts’ statutory jurisdiction over family matters.
Q154. Why are specialized tribunals established?
[OSSSC Combined Recruitment Examination, 2025]
A. To try all offences exclusively
B. To legislate on all subjects
C. To decide specified categories of disputes
D. To administer national elections
Answer: (C) To decide specified categories of disputes
Explanation: Legislatures create tribunals to adjudicate particular disputes that may benefit from focused procedure or expertise. Service-law and environmental cases are examples. Ordinary constitutional courts still perform vital supervisory and judicial-review roles.
Q153. Which disputes are primarily handled by the Central Administrative Tribunal?
[OSSSC Combined Recruitment Examination, 2025]
A. Appeals from all High Courts
B. Every corruption trial
C. Recruitment and service matters of specified public employees
D. Disputes only between private companies
Answer: (C) Recruitment and service matters of specified public employees
Explanation: CAT principally addresses recruitment and conditions of service of employees falling within its statutory jurisdiction. Article 323A and the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 furnish the framework. It does not replace every court for all kinds of disputes.
Q152. In which part of the Constitution are provisions for tribunals found?
[OSSSC Combined Recruitment Examination, 2025]
A. Part XIV-A
B. Part IX
C. Part IV-B
D. Part III
Answer: (A) Part XIV-A
Explanation: Part XIV-A consists of Articles 323A and 323B, inserted by the 42nd Amendment. The former deals with administrative tribunals; the latter provides for tribunals concerning specified other subjects. Fundamental Rights instead appear in Part III.
Q151. Who became Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh High Court in April 2025?
[SSC CGL, 2025]
A. Justice Hima Kohli
B. Justice Dinesh Maheshwari
C. Justice Arun Palli
D. Justice Joymalya Bagchi
Answer: (C) Justice Arun Palli
Explanation: Justice Arun Palli was appointed Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh High Court in 2025. The joint court serves the two Union territories, demonstrating how one High Court can exercise jurisdiction over multiple territories.
