Q70. Which British social reformer founded an Indian Home Rule League in 1916?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 3 — 2024]
(A) Anne Knight
(B) Annie Besant
(C) Catherine Osler
(D) Maria Rye
Answer: (B) Annie Besant
Explanation: Annie Besant was active in the Theosophical Society and founded a Home Rule League in 1916, urging greater Indian self-government. She also supported education and later became president of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
Q69. In which year did Swami Vivekananda deliver his Chicago Parliament of Religions address?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 1 — 2024]
(A) 1893
(B) 1891
(C) 1890
(D) 1892
Answer: (A) 1893
Explanation: Vivekananda spoke in Chicago at the Parliament of the World’s Religions on 11 September 1893. He stressed acceptance of different religious paths and the values of Vedanta, gaining international prominence for Indian spiritual philosophy.
Q68. Who founded Brahmo Samaj in Calcutta?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 2 — 2024]
(A) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(B) Vinoba Bhave
(C) Jyotiba Phule
(D) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Answer: (D) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Explanation: Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha in Calcutta in 1828. Later known as Brahmo Samaj, it promoted one God and opposed idolatry and social practices such as sati. Roy also supported modern education and press freedom.
Q67. On which date was Savitribai Phule born?
[Maharashtra Police Constable, Ahmednagar — 2024]
(A) 6 July 1837
(B) 3 January 1831
(C) 6 January 1812
(D) 9 February 1823
Answer: (B) 3 January 1831
Explanation: Savitribai Phule was born on 3 January 1831 in present-day Maharashtra. Together with Jyotirao Phule, she pioneered girls’ education and challenged caste and gender inequalities. Her educational work in Pune became an enduring symbol of Indian women’s emancipation.
Q66. In which city was Prarthana Samaj founded by Atmaram Pandurang?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 3 — 2024]
(A) Delhi
(B) Adyar
(C) Calcutta
(D) Bombay
Answer: (D) Bombay
Explanation: Atmaram Pandurang established Prarthana Samaj in Bombay in 1867. The organization emphasized prayer to one God and sought reform of harmful social customs. Ranade and other Maharashtra reformers became prominent supporters of its activities.
Q65. Who wrote Gulamgiri?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 4 — 2024]
(A) Swami Shraddhanand
(B) Dwarkanath Tagore
(C) Jyotiba Phule
(D) B. R. Ambedkar
Answer: (C) Jyotiba Phule
Explanation: Jyotirao Phule published Gulamgiri in 1873. It critiqued caste oppression and compared subjugation in India with slavery elsewhere. Phule also founded Satyashodhak Samaj and worked with Savitribai Phule to expand education for women and oppressed communities.
Q64. Who was Swami Vivekananda’s spiritual guru?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 2 — 2024]
(A) Swami Dayanand
(B) Swami Ram Singh
(C) Ramakrishna Paramahansa
(D) Adi Shankaracharya
Answer: (C) Ramakrishna Paramahansa
Explanation: Ramakrishna Paramahansa was the spiritual teacher of Swami Vivekananda, born Narendranath Datta. Vivekananda interpreted his guru’s teachings through practical Vedanta and founded Ramakrishna Mission in 1897, combining spirituality with organized public service.
Q63. Who founded Arya Samaj?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, Shift 1 — 2024]
(A) Rabindranath Tagore
(B) Swami Vivekananda
(C) Keshab Chandra Sen
(D) Dayanand Saraswati
Answer: (D) Dayanand Saraswati
Explanation: Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded Arya Samaj at Bombay in 1875. It emphasized the authority of the Vedas and rejected idol worship. The movement promoted reforms concerning education, caste and the position of women.
Q62. Which reformer is credited in the paper with establishing an early school for girls?
[SSC GD Constable, Shift 4 — 2024]
(A) Vijayalakshmi Pandit
(B) Savitribai Phule
(C) Usha Mehta
(D) Sarojini Naidu
Answer: (B) Savitribai Phule
Explanation: Savitribai Phule was a pioneering female teacher and educationist. She and Jyotirao Phule established a girls’ school in Pune in 1848. Her efforts confronted both gender exclusion and caste oppression and advanced opportunities for previously excluded students.
Q61. Who said “India for the Indians”?
[CGPSC Prelims, General Studies I — 2024]
(A) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(B) Swami Vivekananda
(C) Dayananda Saraswati
(D) None of the above
Answer: (C) Dayananda Saraswati
Explanation: The phrase “India for the Indians” is associated with Dayanand Saraswati, founder of Arya Samaj. His ideas emphasized social reform and cultural self-confidence through Vedic teachings. They later influenced debates about national regeneration and self-reliance.
