Q110. Which reform society inspired the Veda Samaj of Madras?
[SSC MTS (2025 cycle), Shift 2 — 2026]
(A) Ramakrishna Mission
(B) Prarthana Samaj
(C) Arya Samaj
(D) Brahmo Samaj
Answer: (D) Brahmo Samaj
Explanation: Veda Samaj was established in Madras in 1864 under the influence of the Brahmo Samaj, especially Keshab Chandra Sen’s visit. Reformers associated with it supported monotheism, criticism of ritualism and caste barriers, and women’s education.
Q109. Which movement established in Madras in 1864 opposed caste distinctions and encouraged widow remarriage and women’s education?
[CTET Social Studies Paper II, Shift 1 — 2026]
(A) Veda Samaj
(B) Vedanta Samaj
(C) Theosophical Society
(D) Self-Respect Movement
Answer: (A) Veda Samaj
Explanation: Veda Samaj emerged in Madras in 1864 and was influenced by the Brahmo Samaj’s reform ideas. It advocated belief in one God, opposition to unnecessary religious rituals and reforms supporting women’s education and the removal of caste distinctions.
Q108. Regarding Vidyasagar’s Barnaparichay: Assertion—It served as a primer; Reason—It was a text about the varna system.
[UGC NET History Paper II, Shift 2 — 2026]
(A) Both true, correct explanation
(B) Both true, incorrect explanation
(C) Assertion true, reason false
(D) Assertion false, reason true
Answer: (C) Assertion true, reason false
Explanation: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar’s Barnaparichay is a foundational Bengali alphabet and reading primer, not a treatise on the varna system. He was also an important educational reformer and campaigner for widow remarriage and wider access to learning.
Q107. On which date was Jyotiba Phule’s birth anniversary observed in 2025?
[RRB Group D, Shift 2 — 2025]
(A) 14 April
(B) 5 September
(C) 11 April
(D) 15 August
Answer: (C) 11 April
Explanation: Jyotirao Phule was born on 11 April 1827. His anniversary commemorates his campaign against caste injustice, promotion of girls’ education and the establishment of Satyashodhak Samaj in Pune in 1873, alongside Savitribai Phule’s educational work.
Q106. Who led the Young Bengal Movement that helped foster early critical and nationalist thought?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, Shift 3 — 2025]
(A) Surendranath Banerjee
(B) Rajnarayan Bose
(C) Bipin Chandra Pal
(D) Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
Answer: (D) Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
Explanation: Henry Louis Vivian Derozio inspired the radical Young Bengal group through teaching at Hindu College, Calcutta. His pupils promoted free inquiry, rational debate and criticism of established customs. The intellectual movement emerged principally in the late 1820s and early 1830s.
Q105. Who created the Self-Respect Movement in Tamil Nadu to oppose caste discrimination?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, Shift 3 — 2025]
(A) E. V. Ramasamy Periyar
(B) C. Rajagopalachari
(C) K. Kamaraj
(D) Subramania Bharati
Answer: (A) E. V. Ramasamy Periyar
Explanation: E. V. Ramasamy, known as Periyar, started the Self-Respect Movement in 1925. It asserted equal dignity regardless of caste, attacked entrenched social privilege and advanced rationalism and women’s rights within the evolving Dravidian reform tradition.
Q104. Who popularized the slogan “Go back to the Vedas”?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, Shift 2 — 2025]
(A) Gopal Hari Deshmukh
(B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(C) Swami Vivekananda
(D) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
Answer: (D) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
Explanation: Dayanand Saraswati called for returning to the authority of the Vedas and established Arya Samaj in 1875. His message opposed idolatry and several later religious customs, while emphasizing education and the possibility of reforming Hindu society.
Q103. The Poona Pact of 1932 was negotiated between which two leaders?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, Shift 2 — 2025]
(A) Mahatma Gandhi and B. R. Ambedkar
(B) Motilal Nehru and M. A. Jinnah
(C) Subhas Bose and E. V. Ramasamy
(D) Jawaharlal Nehru and Maulana Azad
Answer: (A) Mahatma Gandhi and B. R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Gandhi and Ambedkar negotiated the Poona Pact in September 1932 over political representation of Depressed Classes. The settlement abandoned separate electorates but enlarged reserved representation through joint electorates. Ambedkar signed for the Depressed Classes; Madan Mohan Malaviya signed for caste Hindus.
Q102. Which was NOT a principle of Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s Brahmo Samaj?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, Shift 3 — 2025]
(A) Individual liberty
(B) Democratization of institutions
(C) Establishing Hinduism
(D) National unity
Answer: (C) Establishing Hinduism
Explanation: Brahmo Samaj aimed to reform religious and social practices through monotheism and rational inquiry; it was not created simply to establish Hinduism. Its teachings challenged idol worship, caste divisions and oppressive customs in nineteenth-century society.
Q101. Arrange Roy’s organizations in order: Unitarian Committee, Vedanta College, Atmiya Sabha, Brahmo Samaj.
[OPSC OAS Prelims, General Studies I — 2025]
(A) Brahmo, Unitarian, Vedanta, Atmiya
(B) Atmiya, Unitarian, Vedanta, Brahmo
(C) Vedanta, Brahmo, Atmiya, Unitarian
(D) Unitarian, Atmiya, Vedanta, Brahmo
Answer: (B) Atmiya, Unitarian, Vedanta, Brahmo
Explanation: Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Atmiya Sabha in 1815, helped form the Calcutta Unitarian Association in 1821, established Vedanta College in 1825, and founded Brahmo Sabha in 1828. This sequence traces his developing educational and religious reform programme.
