100. Which event led Gandhi to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I 2026, 18 March Shift 2]
A. Alipore bomb case
B. Withdrawal of the Khilafat Movement
C. Chauri Chaura incident
D. Suspension of the Rowlatt Act
Answer: C. Chauri Chaura incident
Explanation: The violent confrontation at Chauri Chaura in February 1922 resulted in the burning of a police station and numerous deaths. Gandhi called off Non-Cooperation because he considered nonviolence essential to the moral integrity of mass protest.
99. Which movement did Congress suspend under the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I 2026, 18 March Shift 2]
A. Non-Cooperation Movement
B. Quit India Movement
C. Swadeshi Movement
D. Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer: D. Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: Congress agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement when the Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in 1931. The agreement also opened the way for Gandhi to attend the Second Round Table Conference in London as Congress’s representative.
98. What immediate issue was central to Gandhi’s Civil Disobedience campaign of 1930?
[DSSSB MTS 2026, 27 February Shift 1]
A. Abolition of the Salt Tax
B. Abolition of untouchability
C. Reduction in land revenue
D. Complete independence
Answer: A. Abolition of the Salt Tax
Explanation: Although complete independence was the wider national objective, Gandhi chose the salt levy as the immediate symbolic issue. Salt was universally needed, so challenging its monopoly provided an accessible way to demonstrate resistance to colonial economic control.
97. Which pair actively supported Gandhi during the Kheda Satyagraha?
[RRB JE CBT-I 2025, held February 2026]
A. Raj Kumar Shukla and Rajendra Prasad
B. Ambalal Sarabhai and Anasuya Ben
C. Vallabhbhai Patel and Rajendra Prasad
D. Vallabhbhai Patel and Indulal Yajnik
Answer: D. Vallabhbhai Patel and Indulal Yajnik
Explanation: Vallabhbhai Patel and Indulal Yajnik organized support among cultivators in Gujarat during the 1918 campaign. The Kheda peasants demanded revenue remission after crop failure. Their action strengthened local organization through collective, nonviolent resistance.
96. Whom did Gandhi regard as his political mentor?
[SSC MTS 2025 paper, held 10 February 2026 Shift 3]
A. Lala Lajpat Rai
B. Dadabhai Naoroji
C. Subhas Chandra Bose
D. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Answer: D. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Explanation: Gokhale was Gandhi’s political guide and a leading Moderate nationalist. He favoured patient study, reform and public service. His advice to Gandhi in 1915 was to travel across India and understand the people before political intervention.
95. In which state is Kheda, where Gandhi organized a peasant satyagraha?
[SSC MTS 2025 paper, held 10 February 2026 Shift 2]
A. West Bengal
B. Maharashtra
C. Gujarat
D. Uttar Pradesh
Answer: C. Gujarat
Explanation: Kheda is in Gujarat. In 1918 its farmers sought relief from land revenue assessments following crop failures and widespread hardship. Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel helped organize the protest, marking an important stage in agrarian nationalism.
94. Who wrote Hind Swaraj in 1909?
[SSC MTS 2025 paper, held 6 February 2026 Shift 2]
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D. Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: D. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi wrote Hind Swaraj aboard a ship travelling from England to South Africa in 1909. The Gujarati work, also called Indian Home Rule, criticized modern industrial civilization and discussed genuine self-rule, moral reform and nonviolent resistance.
93. Consider: 1. The Rowlatt Act permitted detention without trial. 2. Gandhi launched Rowlatt Satyagraha in April 1917. Which statements are correct?
[AFCAT 2026, 31 January Shift 1]
A. Both 1 and 2
B. Neither 1 nor 2
C. 2 only
D. 1 only
Answer: D. 1 only
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct because the 1919 legislation permitted extraordinary detention. Statement 2 is false: the Rowlatt Satyagraha occurred in 1919, not 1917. The earlier year belongs to Gandhi’s Champaran action in Bihar.
92. The Salt Satyagraha of 1930 directly challenged which British policy?
[SSC CGL Tier-II 2025 paper, held 19 January 2026]
A. Heavy land-revenue taxation
B. Monopoly on making and selling salt
C. Restrictions on internal migration
D. Introduction of separate electorates
Answer: B. Monopoly on making and selling salt
Explanation: Colonial law restricted private manufacture and sale of salt while imposing a tax on this essential commodity. Gandhi’s march to Dandi and symbolic salt-making on 6 April 1930 challenged that monopoly and launched wider civil disobedience.
91. With whom are Phoenix Farm and Tolstoy Farm associated?
[UGC NET Education, 3 January 2026 Shift 2]
A. Jiddu Krishnamurti
B. Sri Aurobindo
C. John Dewey
D. M. K. Gandhi
Answer: D. M. K. Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi established Phoenix Settlement in 1904 and Tolstoy Farm in 1910 in South Africa. These communities emphasized cooperative work, simple living, education and self-reliance while providing organizational support for satyagraha against discriminatory laws.
