110. What was Gandhi’s first nationwide mass movement in India?
[DSSSB MTS 2026, 1 May Shift 3]
A. Champaran Satyagraha
B. Quit India Movement
C. Non-Cooperation Movement
D. Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer: C. Non-Cooperation Movement
Explanation: Champaran, Ahmedabad and Kheda were important local campaigns. The Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920 mobilized Indians on an unprecedented national scale through boycotts of colonial schools, law courts, official honours and imported goods, giving nationalism broad participation.
109. Who was Gandhi’s political mentor among the Moderate leaders?
[DSSSB MTS 2026, 1 May Shift 1]
A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B. Lala Lajpat Rai
C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
D. Bipin Chandra Pal
Answer: C. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Explanation: Gopal Krishna Gokhale advocated constitutional reform and public service and greatly influenced Gandhi. After Gandhi returned from South Africa in 1915, Gokhale encouraged him to study Indian conditions firsthand before beginning major political campaigns.
108. Where was Gandhi on 15 August 1947 rather than joining celebrations in Delhi?
[DSSSB MTS 2026, 1 May Shift 1]
A. Bombay
B. Delhi
C. Calcutta
D. Lahore
Answer: C. Calcutta
Explanation: Gandhi stayed in riot-affected Calcutta, particularly the Beliaghata area, during independence. Instead of attending official celebrations, he worked to encourage communal peace. His actions reflected his conviction that national freedom required harmony and protection of minorities.
107. Why did Gandhi pursue the Kheda Satyagraha in 1918?
[OSSSC Forest Guard 2026, 29 April Shift 1]
A. Officials rejected revenue remission despite substantial crop damage
B. The Home Rule League compelled him
C. He sought personal popularity in Gujarat
D. The government invited him to mediate
Answer: A. Officials rejected revenue remission despite substantial crop damage
Explanation: Crop failure left Kheda cultivators unable to pay the full revenue demand. Existing rules envisaged relief when crops fell below a prescribed threshold, yet collection continued. Gandhi therefore supported disciplined, collective refusal to pay unjustified dues.
106. Which peasant persuaded Gandhi to visit Champaran?
[OSSSC Forest Guard 2026, 23 April Shift 3]
A. Raj Kumar Shukla
B. J. B. Kripalani
C. Gorakh Prasad
D. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: A. Raj Kumar Shukla
Explanation: Raj Kumar Shukla persistently approached Gandhi at the Lucknow Congress session of 1916 and later meetings. He sought intervention against forced indigo cultivation in Bihar. Gandhi accepted the invitation, leading to the Champaran investigation in 1917.
105. In which year was the Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed?
[DSSSB MTS 2026, 23 April Shift 3]
A. 1931
B. 1927
C. 1928
D. 1936
Answer: A. 1931
Explanation: The agreement was concluded on 5 March 1931 between Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin. Congress suspended civil disobedience and agreed to attend the Second Round Table Conference; the government offered limited concessions, including release of nonviolent political prisoners.
104. Which movement marked Gandhi’s first Satyagraha in India?
[DSSSB MTS 2026, 19 April Shift 2]
A. Champaran Satyagraha
B. Kheda Satyagraha
C. Ahmedabad Mill Strike
D. Rowlatt Satyagraha
Answer: A. Champaran Satyagraha
Explanation: Champaran in Bihar was Gandhi’s first major Indian satyagraha, organized in 1917 after complaints about indigo cultivation. Ahmedabad and Kheda followed in 1918, whereas the Rowlatt protest was launched in 1919 on a national scale.
103. Whom did Gandhi call his “Rajya Guru” in May 1915?
[UPSC CDS-I 2026, General Knowledge]
A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
C. G. G. Agarkar
D. Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer: A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Explanation: The specific phrase Rajya Guru in this question referred to Bal Gangadhar Tilak, whom Gandhi honoured at a Pune reception in May 1915. Gopal Krishna Gokhale is separately well known as Gandhi’s political mentor, making the distinction important.
102. Which movement-and-year pair is incorrect?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I 2026, 27 March Shift 2]
A. 1917 – Champaran Satyagraha
B. 1918 – Kheda Satyagraha
C. 1928 – Bardoli Satyagraha
D. 1929 – Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Answer: D. 1929 – Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Explanation: The Gandhi-Irwin Pact belongs to March 1931, not 1929. Champaran was in 1917, Kheda in 1918 and the Bardoli revenue campaign in 1928. Remembering these milestones helps establish the chronology of Gandhian activism.
101. In what year did Gandhi break the Salt Act at Dandi?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I 2026, 25 March]
A. 1929
B. 1931
C. 1928
D. 1930
Answer: D. 1930
Explanation: Gandhi broke the colonial salt law on 6 April 1930 after marching from Sabarmati Ashram. The protest opposed the government’s salt monopoly and became the opening action of nationwide civil disobedience. Its symbolism appealed across communities and classes.
