Q110. Regarding the Simon Commission, assess: (1) it visited India twice; (2) its second tour ran 11 October 1929 to 13 April 1930. Which statement is true?
[UPPSC RO/ARO General Studies, 11 February 2024]
A. Neither
B. Statement 1 only
C. Statement 2 only
D. Both
Answer: B. Statement 1 only
Explanation: The Simon Commission made more than one visit, so statement 1 is correct. Its second visit did not continue to April 1930 as claimed; the dates in statement 2 are inaccurate.
Q109. Regarding Rowlatt Satyagraha, consider:
(1) it was an early all-India struggle, though chiefly urban;
(2) the Rowlatt Act restricted free expression and strengthened police powers.
Which is correct?
[CGPSC State Service Prelims 2023 cycle, General Studies, held 11 February 2024]
A. Both statements 1 and 2
B. Only statement 1
C. Only statement 2
D. Neither statement
Answer: A. Both statements 1 and 2
Explanation: Gandhi’s 1919 Rowlatt Satyagraha represented an important early nationwide protest, although much activity was concentrated in towns. The law extended extraordinary police and detention powers. Both propositions accurately summarise its political significance and civil-liberties implications.
Q108. What was the major aim of the Non-Cooperation Movement launched in 1920?
[DFCCIL Executive (Electrical), 20 December 2023]
A. Self-government
B. Economic equality alone
C. Preserving Crown rule
D. Social reforms alone
Answer: A. Self-government
Explanation: Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement aimed for Swaraj by withdrawing Indian participation from colonial institutions and promoting Indian products. Its organised boycotts challenged the social and economic foundations of the colonial administration.
Q107. Which document represented an early effective Indian effort to frame a national constitution?
[Bihar TRE 2.0 PGT Political Science, 15 December 2023]
A. Jinnah’s Fourteen Points
B. Poona Pact
C. Nehru Report
D. None of these
Answer: C. Nehru Report
Explanation: The Nehru Report of 1928 was an important Indian-authored constitutional proposal. Led by Motilal Nehru, the committee outlined Dominion Status, representative government and fundamental rights in response to contemporary political demands.
Q106. Who opposed the plan to boycott legislative councils during the Non-Cooperation era?
[Bihar TRE 2.0 Social Science, 9 December 2023]
A. Motilal Nehru
B. Chittaranjan Das
C. Lala Lajpat Rai
D. More than one of these
Answer: D. More than one of these
Explanation: Several Congress leaders questioned council boycott and eventually supported constitutional participation. Differences after 1922 led C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru to establish the Swaraj Party, whose strategy contrasted with that of the No-Changers.
Q105. Why was the Khilafat Movement started in India?
[Delhi Police Constable, 29 November 2023, Shift 2]
A. To defend the Ottoman Caliphate in Turkey
B. To protest only the Amritsar massacre
C. To oppose communal electorates
D. To campaign for press freedom
Answer: A. To defend the Ottoman Caliphate in Turkey
Explanation: After World War I, Indian Muslim leaders feared the loss of the Ottoman Caliphate’s authority. Their Khilafat campaign, especially under the Ali brothers, overlapped with Gandhi’s national Non-Cooperation agitation.
Q104. Who presided over the September 1920 special Congress session at Calcutta that passed the Non-Cooperation resolution?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2023, General Knowledge and General Science, 1 October 2023]
A. Dadabhai Naoroji
B. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
C. Lala Lajpat Rai
D. Vijaya Raghavachari
Answer: C. Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation: Lala Lajpat Rai presided over the special Indian National Congress session at Calcutta in September 1920. It endorsed Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation programme. Vijaya Raghavachari, another option, instead presided over the regular Nagpur Congress session in December 1920.
Q103. Which of the following happened in 1919?
[SSC MTS, 14 September 2023, Shift 2]
A. Renewal of a Charter Act
B. Representation of the People Act
C. Suppression of Thuggee Act
D. Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act
Answer: D. Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act
Explanation: Gandhi organised satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act in 1919. The statute extended extraordinary repression, prompting strikes and mass protests and linking civil-liberties concerns to the wider Indian freedom struggle.
Q102. Gandhi’s programme of Non-Cooperation included sympathy for which cause connected with Turkey?
[MP Police Constable, 23 August 2023, Shift 1]
A. Khilafat Movement
B. Kheda Movement
C. Civil Disobedience Movement
D. Indian Home Rule Movement
Answer: A. Khilafat Movement
Explanation: The Khilafat agitation sought protection of the Ottoman Caliph’s position after World War I. Gandhi allied it with his Non-Cooperation campaign, aiming to create Hindu-Muslim solidarity against British colonial authority.
Q101. Who died from injuries suffered during anti-Simon Commission protests in 1928?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, 11 August 2023, Shift 1]
A. Lala Lajpat Rai
B. Lala Hardayal
C. Bhagat Singh
D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: A. Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation: Lala Lajpat Rai led protests in Lahore against the all-British Simon Commission. A police lathi charge injured him, and he died weeks later. The episode fuelled anger against colonial repression.
