Q170. Why did Indian nationalists boycott the Simon Commission appointed in 1927?
[SSC GD Constable, 8 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. Its membership excluded Indians
B. It recommended provincial autonomy
C. It offered Dominion Status
D. It abolished separate electorates
Answer: A. Its membership excluded Indians
Explanation: The Indian Statutory Commission consisted entirely of British members. Nationalists regarded the exclusion of Indians from an inquiry into India’s constitutional future as unacceptable. The commission arrived in 1928 amid widespread protest and the slogan “Simon Go Back.”
Q169. Which development directly motivated Gandhi to begin the 1919 Rowlatt Satyagraha?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 7 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. A new harvest tax
B. Legislation permitting detention without trial
C. Termination of army recruitment
D. Rejection of Dominion Status
Answer: B. Legislation permitting detention without trial
Explanation: The Rowlatt legislation authorised exceptional detention and trial procedures despite strong Indian objections. Gandhi responded by launching satyagraha against this curtailment of civil liberties. The protests became an important stage in his emergence as an all-India leader.
Q168. Who led the Khilafat agitation in India during the early 1920s?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard/Excise Constable, 2 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. Nehru and Bose
B. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
C. Lajpat Rai and Tilak
D. Azad and Gokhale
Answer: B. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
Explanation: Brothers Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali led the campaign defending the Ottoman Caliphate after the First World War. Their collaboration with Gandhi connected the Khilafat agitation to Non-Cooperation and contributed to a period of joint anti-colonial mobilisation.
Q167. Who established the Swaraj Party following the Congress Gaya session?
[DSSSB MTS, 29 April 2026, Shift 3]
A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B. Lala Lajpat Rai
C. Jawaharlal Nehru
D. Chittaranjan Das
Answer: D. Chittaranjan Das
Explanation: C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party in 1923 following disagreement over entry into legislative councils. The Swarajists favoured contesting elections and obstructing colonial policy from within, while the No-Changers emphasised constructive work.
Q166. Who became the president of the Swaraj Party established in 1923?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard/Excise Constable, 25 April 2026, Shift 3]
A. Motilal Nehru
B. Jawaharlal Nehru
C. Lala Lajpat Rai
D. C. R. Das
Answer: D. C. R. Das
Explanation: Chittaranjan Das served as president of the Swaraj Party, with Motilal Nehru prominent in its leadership. Established after Congress disagreement on council entry, the party sought to use legislative institutions as platforms to resist colonial governance.
Q165. Which Odia leader was prominent in the Non-Cooperation Movement in the Balasore–Bhadrak region?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard/Excise Constable, 25 April 2026, Shift 2]
A. Nilakantha Das
B. Biju Patnaik
C. Gopabandhu Das
D. Harekrushna Mahtab
Answer: C. Gopabandhu Das
Explanation: Gopabandhu Das played an important role in spreading the Non-Cooperation Movement in Odisha and helped organise provincial Congress activity. His work connected local political mobilisation with the national movement under Gandhi’s leadership.
Q164. Chauri Chaura, the site of the 1922 incident, lay in which district?
[DSSSB MTS, 24 April 2026, Shift 1]
A. Gorakhpur
B. Jalandhar
C. Pauri Garhwal
D. Amritsar
Answer: A. Gorakhpur
Explanation: Chauri Chaura is in Gorakhpur district, now Uttar Pradesh. Protesters burned a police station there in February 1922, killing 22 policemen. The resulting violence prompted Gandhi to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q163. Who called for a nationwide hartal against the Rowlatt Act in 1919?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard/Excise Constable, 24 April 2026, Shift 1]
A. Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Lala Lajpat Rai
C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D. Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: D. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi called for all-India protest against the repressive Rowlatt Act, which restricted civil liberties. The hartal and satyagraha were early examples of his efforts to mobilise people across regions through organised non-violent resistance.
Q162. Why did Indian leaders reject the 1927 Simon Commission?
[DSSSB MTS, 23 April 2026, Shift 1]
A. It demanded immediate independence
B. It recommended partition
C. It contained no Indian members
D. It dissolved provincial legislatures
Answer: C. It contained no Indian members
Explanation: The Simon Commission was constituted entirely of British politicians to review constitutional arrangements in India. Its lack of Indian members provoked criticism, boycotts and public demonstrations across the country when it arrived in 1928.
Q161. Which inquiry body investigated the Jallianwala Bagh killings?
[DSSSB MTS, 22 April 2026, Shift 1]
A. Hunter Commission
B. Hartog Commission
C. Simon Commission
D. Butler Commission
Answer: A. Hunter Commission
Explanation: The Disorders Inquiry Committee, generally called the Hunter Commission, examined the 1919 disturbances and the Amritsar firing. Its work became a major point of criticism in nationalist discussions of colonial accountability and the use of force.
