Q120. What movement did the Ali brothers and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad lead to defend the Ottoman Caliphate?
[SSC CHSL Tier-I 2024, 9 July 2024, Shift 3]
A. Wahabi Movement
B. Faraizi Movement
C. Khilafat Movement
D. Ahmadiyya Movement
Answer: C. Khilafat Movement
Explanation: The Khilafat Movement mobilised Indian Muslims in defence of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I. Mohammad Ali, Shaukat Ali and Abul Kalam Azad played major roles, while Gandhi supported the cause.
Q119. Chauri Chaura, whose violence ended Non-Cooperation, is near which district headquarters?
[SSC Selection Post Higher Secondary, 26 June 2024, Shift 2]
A. Lucknow
B. Mathura
C. Meerut
D. Gorakhpur
Answer: D. Gorakhpur
Explanation: Chauri Chaura lies in Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh. On 4 February 1922 protesters burned the local police station, leading Gandhi to suspend the Non-Cooperation Movement because of his uncompromising commitment to non-violence.
Q118. Who stopped the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura violence?
[SSC Junior Engineer Electrical, 6 June 2024, Shift 2]
A. Lala Lajpat Rai
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Rajendra Prasad
D. Chittaranjan Das
Answer: B. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi withdrew the movement after the Chauri Chaura police-station burning. He maintained that a national satyagraha required non-violent discipline and could not continue effectively amid violent attacks.
Q117. When was the Khilafat Committee formed?
[OSSSC LSI/Forester/Forest Guard, 3 May 2024, Shift 2]
A. January 1901
B. January 1921
C. March 1920
D. March 1919
Answer: D. March 1919
Explanation: The Khilafat Committee emerged in 1919 as Indian Muslim leaders protested the postwar treatment of the Ottoman Empire. Its activities later intersected with the Non-Cooperation Movement under Gandhi.
Q116. Arrange these events chronologically: (1) launch of Non-Cooperation; (2) All-India Khilafat Conference in Delhi; (3) Rowlatt Act passed; (4) Jallianwala Bagh incident.
[UPSC NDA-I 2024, General Ability Test, 21 April 2024]
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 3, 4, 2, 1
C. 3, 2, 4, 1
D. 2, 3, 4, 1
Answer: B. 3, 4, 2, 1
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act was passed in March 1919, followed by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in April. The All-India Khilafat Conference met in Delhi in November 1919. Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation campaign then developed in 1920, producing the order 3–4–2–1.
Q115. Under which repressive Act did authorities possess detention powers during the 1919 Amritsar crisis?
[SSC GD, 1 March 2024, Shift 3]
A. Government of India Act
B. Rowlatt Act
C. Simon Commission
D. Montagu–Chelmsford reforms
Answer: B. Rowlatt Act
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act authorised severe restrictions on political freedom and detention without trial. Its enactment fuelled the 1919 satyagraha and unrest that formed the background to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
Q114. Which two men were known as the Ali brothers in the Khilafat Movement?
[SSC GD, 29 February 2024, Shift 2]
A. Mohammad Ali and Saiyyed Ali
B. Feroz Ali and Shaukat Ali
C. Mohammad Ali and Ahmed Ali
D. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
Answer: D. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
Explanation: Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali organised the Khilafat agitation in India. Their campaign sought to safeguard the Ottoman Caliph’s position after World War I and developed close links with Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q113. The Rowlatt Act became law in which year?
[SSC GD, 28 February 2024, Shift 3]
A. 1913
B. 1919
C. 1923
D. 1909
Answer: B. 1919
Explanation: The British passed the Rowlatt Act in March 1919. It enabled political detention without ordinary trial and became the target of Gandhi’s first nationwide satyagraha against a major colonial statute.
Q112. Who was Viceroy of India at the time of the Rowlatt Act?
[SSC GD, 27 February 2024, Shift 2]
A. Lord Dalhousie
B. Lord Irwin
C. Lord Chelmsford
D. Lord Curzon
Answer: C. Lord Chelmsford
Explanation: Lord Chelmsford was Viceroy when the Rowlatt Act was enacted in 1919. His administration faced widespread nationalist opposition because the legislation curtailed civil liberties and authorised detention without ordinary legal process.
Q111. In which year did the Simon Commission reach India?
[SSC GD Constable 2024, 22 February 2024, Shift 1]
A. 1931
B. 1919
C. 1922
D. 1928
Answer: D. 1928
Explanation: The commission was appointed in November 1927 but arrived in India in February 1928. Since all its members were British, political organisations protested against the exclusion of Indian voices from constitutional decision-making.
