Q180. In which year did the Non-Cooperation Movement commence in Bihar?
[MPESB Hospital Assistant, 24 June 2026]
A. 1 August 1921
B. 1 August 1919
C. 1 August 1920
D. More than one of the above
Answer: C. 1 August 1920
Explanation: The movement began nationally on 1 August 1920 and expanded through Bihar as Congress workers organised boycotts and public mobilisation. The question connects Bihar’s experience with the general launch of Gandhi’s first large nationwide non-cooperation campaign.
Q179. Gandhi initiated the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919 against what kind of legislation?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 20 June 2026, Shift 3]
A. Fresh agricultural taxation
B. Partition of Bengal
C. Detention and punishment without trial
D. Prohibition of vernacular newspapers alone
Answer: C. Detention and punishment without trial
Explanation: The 1919 Rowlatt legislation prolonged extraordinary wartime restrictions and empowered authorities to detain suspected political opponents without ordinary legal safeguards. Gandhi answered with a nationwide satyagraha, transforming opposition to repressive legislation into broader nationalist mobilisation.
Q178. What was a central component of the non-cooperation programme accepted at the Calcutta Congress session of 1920?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 16 June 2026, Shift 3]
A. Entering councils to negotiate
B. Boycotting schools, courts and councils while encouraging khadi
C. Negotiating imperial trade agreements
D. Creating armed volunteer units
Answer: B. Boycotting schools, courts and councils while encouraging khadi
Explanation: The September 1920 special Congress session endorsed Gandhi’s programme of non-cooperation. It combined withdrawal from colonial institutions with swadeshi, spinning and khadi. The strategy aimed to erode the moral and practical support sustaining British rule.
Q177. Which British enactment prompted Gandhi to organise satyagraha in 1919?
[DSSSB Court Attendant, 5 June 2026, Shift 2]
A. Vernacular Press Act
B. Indian Slavery Act
C. Rowlatt Act
D. Defence of India Act
Answer: C. Rowlatt Act
Explanation: The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, better known as the Rowlatt Act, prompted Gandhi’s protest. It authorised severe restrictions on civil liberties, including detention without trial, despite Indian opposition in the Imperial Legislative Council.
Q176. Which prominent lawyers relinquished their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
[DSSSB MTS, 14 May 2026, Shift 2]
A. Maulana Azad and Jinnah
B. Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru
C. Patel and Tilak
D. Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das
Answer: D. Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das
Explanation: Motilal Nehru and C. R. Das gave up successful legal careers as part of the boycott of colonial law courts. The gesture showed that non-cooperation demanded personal sacrifice by established professionals, not merely demonstrations by ordinary citizens.
Q175. Which slogan became especially associated with protests against the Simon Commission?
[DSSSB MTS, 12 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. Simon Go Back
B. Freedom Now
C. Quit India
D. Jai Hind
Answer: A. Simon Go Back
Explanation: The all-British Simon Commission met mass protests when it arrived in 1928. “Simon Go Back” captured opposition to a constitutional commission that excluded Indian representation. Black flags, hartals and processions expressed the belief that Indians should determine their political future.
Q174. In which city did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place on 13 April 1919?
[DSSSB MTS, 12 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. Amritsar
B. Mumbai
C. Kolkata
D. Delhi
Answer: A. Amritsar
Explanation: British troops commanded by Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer fired on a gathering at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab. The event occurred on Baisakhi and intensified Indian anger over colonial repression, especially in the context of the Rowlatt agitation.
Q173. In which month did Gandhi establish the Satyagraha Sabha at Bombay to oppose the Rowlatt legislation?
[DSSSB MTS, 12 May 2026, Shift 2]
A. April 1920
B. April 1919
C. February 1919
D. February 1920
Answer: C. February 1919
Explanation: Gandhi established the Satyagraha Sabha in Bombay in February 1919 to coordinate opposition to the proposed Rowlatt laws. Its organisation preceded the nationwide hartal in April, illustrating how a deliberate political campaign developed before mass protest.
Q172. Who served as Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab when the Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred?
[DSSSB MTS, 9 May 2026, Shift 1]
A. Thomas Gordon Walker
B. Louis William Dane
C. Michael O’Dwyer
D. William Mackworth Young
Answer: C. Michael O’Dwyer
Explanation: Michael O’Dwyer was the civil Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab during the 1919 massacre. He must not be confused with Reginald Dyer, the army officer who ordered the firing. These were distinct figures with different official responsibilities.
Q171. What immediate incident made Gandhi withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 9 May 2026, Shift 1]
A. Relaxation of colonial restrictions
B. Violence against police at Chauri Chaura
C. A Bombay textile strike
D. Fresh constitutional talks in London
Answer: B. Violence against police at Chauri Chaura
Explanation: On 4 February 1922 a crowd at Chauri Chaura burned a police station and killed policemen. Gandhi viewed the episode as incompatible with disciplined non-violence and soon suspended the nationwide Non-Cooperation Movement.