Q160. Who were the chief leaders of India’s Khilafat Movement?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard/Excise Constable, 20 April 2026, Shift 3]
A. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
B. C. R. Das and Lajpat Rai
C. Motilal Nehru and Tilak
D. Gandhi and Bose
Answer: A. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
Explanation: The Ali brothers were central leaders of the Khilafat campaign. Their objective was to defend the political-religious position of the Ottoman Caliphate, and their alliance with Gandhi helped bring broader participation to the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q159. Which nationalist became president of the Congress-Khilafat Swarajya Party?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, 27 March 2026, Shift 1]
A. Chittaranjan Das
B. Mukhtar Ahmad Ansari
C. Motilal Nehru
D. Hakim Ajmal Khan
Answer: A. Chittaranjan Das
Explanation: C. R. Das became the first president of the Swaraj Party in January 1923. The party followed disagreement at the Gaya Congress over abandoning the boycott of legislatures and instead using councils to challenge colonial rule.
Q158. Which episode compelled Gandhi to stop the Non-Cooperation Movement?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, 18 March 2026, Shift 2]
A. Alipore Bomb Case
B. End of the Khilafat agitation
C. Chauri Chaura incident
D. Withdrawal of the Rowlatt Act
Answer: C. Chauri Chaura incident
Explanation: The burning of a police station at Chauri Chaura in February 1922 breached Gandhi’s insistence on non-violent mass action. Believing the movement lacked sufficient discipline, he halted it despite opposition from several nationalist colleagues.
Q157. Most of Punjab was placed under martial law in the aftermath of which event?
[DSSSB MTS, 15 March 2026, Shift 1]
A. Ghadar conspiracy
B. Chauri Chaura incident
C. Golden Temple attack
D. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Answer: D. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Explanation: The Amritsar killings occurred amid intense unrest and colonial repression in Punjab in April 1919. Martial-law measures followed in parts of Punjab, deepening nationalist criticism of British governance and its response to anti-Rowlatt protests.
Q156. Where did the Chauri Chaura event of 1922 occur?
[UP Police Sub-Inspector, 15 March 2026, Shift 2]
A. Kanpur
B. Amritsar
C. Gorakhpur
D. Bardoli
Answer: C. Gorakhpur
Explanation: Chauri Chaura was located in the Gorakhpur district of the United Provinces. The clash and police-station burning on 4 February 1922 led Gandhi to suspend the Non-Cooperation Movement, underscoring his commitment to non-violent protest.
Q155. Which two leaders were most closely associated with the Khilafat Movement?
[DSSSB MTS, 5 March 2026, Shift 3]
A. Motilal Nehru and C. R. Das
B. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
C. Rajendra Prasad and Malaviya
D. Bipin Pal and Lajpat Rai
Answer: B. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
Explanation: Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, remembered as the Ali brothers, organised opposition to the treatment of the Ottoman Caliph after the First World War. The campaign overlapped with Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q154. Which mass movement drew many activists away from revolutionary activity after 1919?
[DSSSB MTS, 2 March 2026, Shift 3]
A. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
B. Simon Commission agitation
C. Lucknow Pact
D. Non-Cooperation Movement
Answer: D. Non-Cooperation Movement
Explanation: Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement offered a nationwide programme of political action through boycotts and peaceful resistance. Its mass appeal temporarily redirected many nationalists towards organised non-violent mobilisation instead of underground revolutionary methods.
Q153. Who suffered injuries during an anti-Simon Commission demonstration and later died?
[DSSSB PRT, 17 February 2026, Shift 2]
A. Motilal Nehru
B. Lala Lajpat Rai
C. C. Rajagopalachari
D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: B. Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation: Lala Lajpat Rai led protests against the Simon Commission at Lahore in October 1928. Police assaulted the marchers, and he died weeks later after sustaining injuries. His death became an important symbol of colonial repression.
Q152. In which city was Swaraj Party co-founder Chittaranjan Das born?
[SSC MTS 2025 cycle, 11 February 2026, Shift 2]
A. Bombay
B. Delhi
C. Calcutta
D. Madras
Answer: C. Calcutta
Explanation: Chittaranjan Das was born in Calcutta in 1870. Known as Deshbandhu, he was a major nationalist leader who supported Non-Cooperation and later co-founded the Swaraj Party with Motilal Nehru in 1923.
Q151. Who was Viceroy of India when the Simon Commission arrived in 1928?
[SSC MTS 2025 cycle, held 11 February 2026, Shift 2]
A. Lord Irwin
B. Lord Chelmsford
C. Lord Willingdon
D. Lord Linlithgow
Answer: A. Lord Irwin
Explanation: Lord Irwin was Viceroy from 1926 to 1931 and therefore occupied the position when the Simon Commission reached India. The commission was widely opposed because it excluded Indian representatives.
