Q30. Who was selected as president of the All-India Khilafat Conference held on 23 November 1919?
[WBCS Preliminary 2020]
A. Mahatma Gandhi
B. Subhas Chandra Bose
C. Chittaranjan Das
D. Motilal Nehru
Answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi presided over the Khilafat Conference in Delhi in November 1919. He saw the agitation as an opportunity for Hindu–Muslim unity and later associated it with his programme of Non-Cooperation.
Q29. What powers did the Rowlatt Act of 1919 chiefly confer?
[SSC CPO, 13 December 2019, Shift 2]
A. Complete ban on demonstrations
B. Freedom for processions
C. Suppression of political activity and detention without trial
D. Enforcement of Non-Cooperation
Answer: C. Suppression of political activity and detention without trial
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act permitted sweeping control over political activities and detention without ordinary trial. It provoked severe opposition because it extended emergency restrictions into the post-war period.
Q28. Who chaired the Indian Statutory Commission that visited India in 1928?
[SSC MTS, 14 August 2019, Shift 3]
A. Daniel Radcliffe
B. Lord Irwin
C. Sir John Simon
D. Lord Chelmsford
Answer: C. Sir John Simon
Explanation: Sir John Simon chaired the Indian Statutory Commission, appointed in 1927 to review constitutional arrangements in India. Its all-British membership led Indian political organisations to demand a boycott.
Q27. Which pair founded the Swaraj Party?
[SSC MTS, 13 August 2019, Shift 2]
A. C. R. Das and Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru
C. Motilal Nehru and Patel
D. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Answer: D. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Explanation: C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru founded the Swaraj Party in January 1923. Its strategy was participation in legislative councils to obstruct colonial government policies from within.
Q26. Which British Prime Minister’s government established the Simon Commission?
[RPSC Second Grade Senior Teacher GK, 3 July 2019]
A. Ramsay MacDonald
B. Neville Chamberlain
C. Stanley Baldwin
D. Winston Churchill
Answer: C. Stanley Baldwin
Explanation: Stanley Baldwin was British Prime Minister when the Simon Commission was appointed in November 1927. The seven-member commission examined constitutional reforms but had no Indian representative, leading to protests.
Q25. Chauri Chaura is located in which modern Indian state?
[SSC GD, 11 March 2019, Shift 1]
A. Uttar Pradesh
B. Delhi
C. Kerala
D. Madhya Pradesh
Answer: A. Uttar Pradesh
Explanation: Chauri Chaura is in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh. On 4 February 1922 a police station was burned during protest violence, and Gandhi subsequently halted Non-Cooperation.
Q24. The Jallianwala Bagh incident took place in which state?
[SSC GD, 9 March 2019, Shift 2]
A. Punjab
B. Delhi
C. Kashmir
D. Kerala
Answer: A. Punjab
Explanation: Jallianwala Bagh lies in Amritsar, Punjab. On 13 April 1919 troops under Reginald Dyer opened fire on an unarmed crowd, making the event a defining episode in India’s nationalist history.
Q23. In which year did the Khilafat Movement begin?
[SSC GD, 7 March 2019, Shift 1]
A. 1922
B. 1923
C. 1919
D. 1921
Answer: C. 1919
Explanation: The Khilafat agitation began in 1919 after World War I. The Ali brothers campaigned over the Ottoman Caliphate and worked with Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q22. Why did nationalist politicians boycott the Simon Commission?
[SSC GD, 18 February 2019, Shift 3]
A. It restricted Indian financial autonomy
B. It included no Indian members
C. Its members could not agree
D. It expanded princely-state powers
Answer: B. It included no Indian members
Explanation: The Simon Commission contained seven British parliamentarians and no Indian representatives. Its arrival in 1928 produced mass protests and the slogan “Simon Go Back,” reinforcing demands for Indian political agency.
Q21. Who led the Rowlatt Satyagraha, and in which year?
[SSC GD, 15 February 2019, Shift 2]
A. Gandhi—1929
B. Motilal Nehru—1915
C. Gandhi—1919
D. C. R. Das—1930
Answer: C. Gandhi—1919
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi called for nationwide satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act in 1919. The protest challenged detention without trial and marked a significant expansion of Gandhi’s mass political leadership.
