Q90. Which leaders founded the Swaraj Party to revive participation in legislative politics?
[SSC GD 2022 cycle, 31 January 2023, Shift 2]
A. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru
B. C. R. Das and Jawaharlal Nehru
C. Tilak and Motilal Nehru
D. Tilak and Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: A. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Explanation: After the withdrawal of Non-Cooperation, C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru supported entering legislative councils. Their Swaraj Party challenged government actions from within legislatures, unlike Congress colleagues who maintained the boycott.
Q89. On what date did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre occur?
[SSC GD 2022 cycle, held 27 January 2023, Shift 4]
A. 11 April 1919
B. 13 April 1920
C. 13 April 1919
D. 13 April 1918
Answer: C. 13 April 1919
Explanation: The massacre occurred on Baisakhi, 13 April 1919, in Amritsar. Brigadier-General Dyer’s order to fire on the gathering prompted outrage across the country and weakened Indian trust in colonial administration.
Q88. What set of constitutional demands did Jinnah propose after disagreements over the Nehru Report?
[Andhra Pradesh Police Constable Prelims, 22 January 2023]
A. Thirteen Points
B. Fourteen Points
C. Fifteen Points
D. Sixteen Points
Answer: B. Fourteen Points
Explanation: In 1929 Muhammad Ali Jinnah formulated his Fourteen Points, responding to Muslim League concerns about the 1928 Nehru Report. The proposals emphasised provincial autonomy, representation and safeguards for religious and cultural rights.
Q87. Jallianwala Bagh, site of the 1919 massacre, is in which state?
[SSC GD 2022 cycle, held 16 January 2023, Shift 1]
A. Haryana
B. Uttar Pradesh
C. Madhya Pradesh
D. Punjab
Answer: D. Punjab
Explanation: Jallianwala Bagh is located in Amritsar, Punjab. The British military opened fire on civilians there in April 1919, creating one of the most significant turning points in Indian anticolonial politics.
Q86. What was the main purpose of sending the Simon Commission to India?
[Karnataka Police RSI, 8 January 2023]
A. Study constitutional matters and recommend reforms
B. Select members of the Indian Council
C. Resolve Congress-government disputes
D. Create a separate government agency
Answer: A. Study constitutional matters and recommend reforms
Explanation: The Simon Commission reviewed constitutional arrangements under the 1919 reforms and recommended changes. Its lack of Indian members provoked widespread demonstrations during its Indian tour in 1928.
Q85. What political decision followed the Chauri Chaura incident?
[Karnataka Police KSRP SI, 18 December 2022]
A. Gandhi was immediately arrested
B. Motilal Nehru was arrested
C. Gandhi withdrew Non-Cooperation
D. Gandhi launched Khilafat
Answer: C. Gandhi withdrew Non-Cooperation
Explanation: After protest violence at Chauri Chaura on 4 February 1922, Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement. The incident highlighted tensions between mass mobilisation and the discipline of nonviolent satyagraha.
Q84. After which incident was the Non-Cooperation Movement withdrawn?
[SSC CGL Tier-I 2022, 13 December 2022, Shift 1]
A. Jallianwala Bagh
B. Chauri Chaura
C. Partition of Bengal
D. Round Table Conferences
Answer: B. Chauri Chaura
Explanation: The Chauri Chaura incident triggered the withdrawal of Non-Cooperation in February 1922. Gandhi believed that the death of policemen during a violent confrontation was incompatible with the disciplined nonviolence required for satyagraha.
Q83. Who was chiefly responsible for preparing the Nehru Report?
[JKSSB Sub-Inspector, 12 December 2022, Shift 2]
A. Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Motilal Nehru
C. Kamala Nehru
D. Brijlal Nehru
Answer: B. Motilal Nehru
Explanation: Motilal Nehru chaired the committee that drafted the Nehru Report in 1928. Its proposals included Dominion Status and constitutional rights, shaping discussions on Indian self-government before the demand for complete independence intensified.
Q82. The Rowlatt Act permitted detention of political prisoners without trial for what period?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 2 December 2022, Shift 2]
A. Two years
B. Six months
C. Two months
D. One year
Answer: A. Two years
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act provided for political detention without trial for up to two years. Indians condemned the legislation as a severe assault on civil liberties, and Gandhi called for nationwide satyagraha in 1919.
Q81. Which pairing of an event and its year is incorrect?
[RRB Group D, 11 October 2022, Shift 3]
A. Partition of Bengal—1905
B. Quit India—1942
C. Jallianwala Bagh—1919
D. Dandi March—1910
Answer: D. Dandi March—1910
Explanation: The Dandi March took place in 1930, not 1910. The other pairings are chronologically correct: Bengal partition occurred in 1905, the Amritsar massacre in 1919 and Quit India in 1942.
Q80. Which event led Gandhi to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?
[CUET General Test, 6 October 2022]
A. Kakori episode
B. Chauri Chaura episode
C. Yang-bang episode
D. Jallianwala Bagh episode
Answer: B. Chauri Chaura episode
Explanation: Gandhi suspended Non-Cooperation after violence at Chauri Chaura, where a police station was set ablaze in February 1922. The withdrawal demonstrated the centrality of nonviolent discipline to his political method.
Q79. Chauri Chaura, where a police station was burned in February 1922, is in which state?
[BPSC 67th Prelims re-exam, 30 September 2022]
A. Madhya Pradesh
B. Bihar
C. Uttar Pradesh
D. Rajasthan
Answer: C. Uttar Pradesh
Explanation: Chauri Chaura belongs to Gorakhpur district in Uttar Pradesh, formerly the United Provinces. Its violent incident during Non-Cooperation led Gandhi to suspend the mass campaign nationally.
Q78. Which commission investigated the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
[RRB Group D, 30 September 2022, Shift 2]
A. Babington Smith Commission
B. Fraser Commission
C. Hunter Commission
D. Butler Commission
Answer: C. Hunter Commission
Explanation: The Hunter Commission investigated Punjab disturbances and the Jallianwala Bagh shootings of April 1919. The committee’s response to General Dyer attracted strong criticism from Indian nationalists.
Q77. In which state is the historic town of Chauri Chaura situated?
[RRB Group D, 14 September 2022, Shift 3]
A. Himachal Pradesh
B. Uttar Pradesh
C. Andhra Pradesh
D. Kerala
Answer: B. Uttar Pradesh
Explanation: Chauri Chaura is in Uttar Pradesh’s Gorakhpur district. The incident of 4 February 1922, involving clashes with police and the burning of a police station, led Gandhi to call off Non-Cooperation.
Q76. Who was Viceroy when the Rowlatt Act was passed?
[RRB Group D, 2 September 2022, Shift 3]
A. Lord Canning
B. Lord Reading
C. Lord Chelmsford
D. Lord Curzon
Answer: C. Lord Chelmsford
Explanation: Lord Chelmsford served as Viceroy of India from 1916 to 1921, including during passage of the Rowlatt Act in 1919. The legislation provoked Gandhi’s nationwide satyagraha.
Q75. Which event–year statement about India’s freedom struggle is accurate?
[RRB Group D, 1 September 2022, Shift 3]
A. Depressed Classes Association founded in 1932
B. Gandhi halted Non-Cooperation after Chauri Chaura in 1922
C. Dyer fired at Amritsar in 1918
D. Complete Independence adopted in 1928
Answer: B. Gandhi halted Non-Cooperation after Chauri Chaura in 1922
Explanation: Gandhi halted the nationwide Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 after the violent Chauri Chaura incident. The other statements misdate the relevant historical events or resolutions.
Q74. What caused Gandhi to terminate his non-cooperation agitation in February 1922?
[RRB Group D, 29 August 2022, Shift 3]
A. Approval of the Rowlatt Act
B. Chauri Chaura incident
C. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
D. Khilafat agitation
Answer: B. Chauri Chaura incident
Explanation: At Chauri Chaura, a crowd attacked and burned a police station, killing policemen. Gandhi halted the movement because violence violated the non-violent basis of his satyagraha programme.
Q73. Match events with years: Simon Commission visits India, Cripps Mission, Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Chauri Chaura.
[RRB Group D, 26 August 2022, Shift 2]
A. 1928, 1919, 1942, 1922
B. 1922, 1942, 1919, 1928
C. 1928, 1942, 1919, 1922
D. 1919, 1928, 1942, 1922
Answer: C. 1928, 1942, 1919, 1922
Explanation: The Simon Commission arrived in 1928, the Cripps Mission in 1942, Jallianwala Bagh occurred in 1919 and Chauri Chaura in 1922. The chronology spans two phases of nationalist constitutional and mass-movement politics.
Q72. Against which act did Gandhi call a nationwide satyagraha in 1919?
[RRB Group D, 24 August 2022, Shift 2]
A. Regulating Act
B. Inland Emigration Act
C. Pitt’s India Act
D. Rowlatt Act
Answer: D. Rowlatt Act
Explanation: Gandhi protested against the Rowlatt Act because it curtailed civil liberties and permitted detention without normal trial procedures. The agitation marked an important early attempt to mobilise India on a national scale.
Q71. In what year did the Chauri Chaura incident occur?
[RRB Group D, 22 August 2022, Shift 3]
A. 1921
B. 1922
C. 1920
D. 1919
Answer: B. 1922
Explanation: Chauri Chaura violence took place on 4 February 1922 during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Gandhi ended the campaign soon afterward, arguing that the struggle for freedom had to follow a nonviolent course.
