Q130. What significantly stimulated Indian cotton textile production during the colonial period?
[SSC CGL Tier I (26 September 2024, Shift 3)]
(A) Partition of India in 1947
(B) Export of raw cotton to England
(C) Swadeshi Movement
(D) Expansion of the railway network
Answer: (C) Swadeshi Movement
Explanation: The Swadeshi movement urged consumers to buy Indian-made cloth instead of imported textiles. The resulting demand helped indigenous mills and weaving industries. Economic self-reliance was part of the assertive nationalist response to the 1905 partition of Bengal.
Q129. Which occurred during the broad Extremist phase: I. Swadeshi movement, II. Surat Split, III. Lucknow Pact, IV. Home Rule Movement?
[APPSC Group 1 Prelims (17 March 2024)]
(A) I, II and III
(B) I and II only
(C) II, III and IV
(D) All four
Answer: (D) All four
Explanation: Swadeshi began in 1905, the Surat Split occurred in 1907, and the Home Rule Leagues and Lucknow Pact developed in 1916. These events collectively chart the expansion, fragmentation and renewed coordination of assertive nationalism in the period.
Q128. Which movement associated with Indian nationalism began in 1905?
[NCL Assistant Foreman Trainee (4 March 2024, Shift 1)]
(A) Non-Cooperation Movement
(B) Home Rule Movement
(C) Swadeshi Movement
(D) Kheda Satyagraha
Answer: (C) Swadeshi Movement
Explanation: Swadeshi mobilization gained force in 1905 as a response to Lord Curzon’s partition of Bengal. It stressed boycott of foreign products and support for indigenous goods and institutions. The campaign gave new momentum to assertive nationalist politics in India.
Q127. Who painted the famous image of Bharat Mata in 1905, inspired by the Swadeshi movement?
[RPF Sub-Inspector (12 December 2024, Shift 3)]
(A) Ananda Mohan Bose
(B) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
(C) Abanindranath Tagore
(D) Surendranath Banerjee
Answer: (C) Abanindranath Tagore
Explanation: Abanindranath Tagore’s Bharat Mata portrayed India as a spiritual mother figure during the Swadeshi period. The image was part of a broader cultural response to Bengal’s partition. Art, patriotic songs and national education helped circulate nationalist ideas.
Q126. Surat Split took place in which year?
[WBCS Mains History 2023]
(A) 1900
(B) 1907
(C) 1911
(D) 1919
Answer: (B) 1907
Explanation: Surat is remembered for the 1907 breakdown between Congress Moderates and Extremists. Disputes over the session president and the extent of boycott and agitation caused the confrontation. The factions subsequently reunited at Lucknow in 1916, as political circumstances changed.
Q125. Which British magistrate was the target of the Muzaffarpur assassination attempt connected with the Alipore Conspiracy Case?
[Delhi Police Constable (22 November 2023, Shift 1)]
(A) Robert Lytton
(B) J. P. Saunders
(C) Douglas Kingsford
(D) Lord Irwin
Answer: (C) Douglas Kingsford
Explanation: Douglas Kingsford, formerly a magistrate in Calcutta, was targeted by revolutionaries at Muzaffarpur in 1908. The bomb struck a different carriage, killing two British women. The ensuing investigation exposed a revolutionary network and led to the Alipore Bomb Case.
Q124. Which organization was responsible for the conspiracy connected with the Alipore Bomb Case?
[MPTET Varg-2 Social Science (16 May 2023, Shift 2)]
(A) Anushilan Samiti
(B) Bengal Royal Tigers
(C) Tribal group in Bengal
(D) Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev
Answer: (A) Anushilan Samiti
Explanation: Anushilan Samiti was an influential revolutionary organization in Bengal. The 1908 Alipore proceedings involved a secret network, bomb-making facilities and attempts to strike colonial officials. Barindra Kumar Ghosh and others were implicated; Sri Aurobindo was ultimately acquitted of the charges.
Q123. Who organized the Sarvajanik Ganesh Utsav to develop nationalist sentiment among the people?
[SSC CHSL Tier I (9 August 2023, Shift 1)]
(A) Lokmanya Tilak
(B) Bipin Chandra Pal
(C) Aurobindo Ghosh
(D) Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer: (A) Lokmanya Tilak
Explanation: Bal Gangadhar Tilak popularized community Ganapati celebrations in Maharashtra beginning in 1893. He used public festivals for collective identity, education and political awakening. Along with Shivaji commemorations, they became a means of reaching people beyond the small audiences of constitutional politics.
Q122. Which of these freedom fighters was a member of the celebrated Lal–Bal–Pal group?
[SSC GD Constable (6 February 2023, Shift 1)]
(A) Chittaranjan Das
(B) Lala Lajpat Rai
(C) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(D) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: (B) Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation: Lala Lajpat Rai represented Punjab in the nationalist trio Lal–Bal–Pal. Bal Gangadhar Tilak of Maharashtra and Bipin Chandra Pal of Bengal were the other members. Their support for Swadeshi and boycott helped energize the assertive phase of the Indian freedom struggle.
Q121. Identify the odd person out from the group of names associated with Lal–Bal–Pal.
[SSC GD Constable (13 January 2023, Shift 3)]
(A) Dadabhai Naoroji
(B) Bipin Chandra Pal
(C) Lala Lajpat Rai
(D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: (A) Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Naoroji was an important Moderate Congress leader and early critic of the economic drain under British rule. The other three constituted the Lal–Bal–Pal nationalist triumvirate and were associated with more assertive methods during the anti-partition and Swadeshi period.
