Q70. Which of these was NOT directly involved in Curzon’s 1905 partition of Bengal?
[WBCS Mains General Studies I 2021]
(A) Lord Curzon
(B) H. Risley
(C) Andrew Fraser
(D) Lord Hardinge
Answer: (D) Lord Hardinge
Explanation: Curzon’s administration implemented Bengal’s partition in 1905, with Risley and Fraser connected to its planning. Lord Hardinge became Viceroy later, and the partition was annulled during his tenure in 1911. The original division triggered the Swadeshi movement.
Q69. The leaders of the Home Rule Movement borrowed the term Home Rule from:
[WBCS Mains History 2020]
(A) Ireland
(B) Scotland
(C) U.S.A.
(D) Canada
Answer: (A) Ireland
Explanation: The Indian Home Rule campaign drew its name from Irish demands for self-government. Tilak and Annie Besant launched leagues in 1916 that adapted this idea to colonial India. Their organizations held meetings, circulated literature and pressed for political participation and Indian autonomy.
Q68. The National Council for Education was established in which year?
[WBCS Mains History 2020]
(A) 1906
(B) 1908
(C) 1909
(D) 1911
Answer: (A) 1906
Explanation: The National Council of Education was established in Bengal in 1906 during the Swadeshi movement. National education sought to lessen dependence on colonial institutions, promote technical and indigenous learning, and strengthen self-reliance. It formed a major plank of assertive nationalist programmes.
Q67. Who were executed for the 1897 killing of British officials W. C. Rand and Lieutenant Ayerst?
[Delhi Police Constable (28 November 2020, Shift 1)]
(A) Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan
(B) Bhagat Singh and Rajguru
(C) Mangal Pandey
(D) Chapekar brothers
Answer: (D) Chapekar brothers
Explanation: Members of the Chapekar family attacked plague administrator W. C. Rand and Lieutenant Ayerst at Pune on 22 June 1897. The colonial government later executed three brothers for their revolutionary activity. The affair followed resentment over harsh public-health enforcement during a plague epidemic.
Q66. On which date was Damodar Hari Chapekar executed?
[UPPSC ACF/RFO Mains Paper I 2020]
(A) 18 March 1898
(B) 18 April 1898
(C) 18 June 1898
(D) 18 July 1898
Answer: (B) 18 April 1898
Explanation: Damodar Hari Chapekar was executed on 18 April 1898 after his conviction following the shooting of plague official W. C. Rand in Pune. The revolutionary attack took place in June 1897 amid public resentment over severe epidemic-control policies.
Q65. At which Congress session was Vande Mataram first sung?
[WBCS Mains General Studies I 2020]
(A) 1886
(B) 1892
(C) 1896
(D) 1904
Answer: (C) 1896
Explanation: Vande Mataram was sung at the Calcutta Congress session in 1896, before becoming a central political slogan during the Swadeshi movement of 1905. Its association with the motherland inspired patriotic cultural expressions and nationalist gatherings throughout the early twentieth century.
Q64. Bal Gangadhar Tilak received the epithet Lokmanya during:
[WBCS Mains History 2019]
(A) Swadeshi Movement
(B) Revolutionary Movement
(C) Home Rule Movement
(D) His imprisonment in 1908
Answer: (C) Home Rule Movement
Explanation: This WBCS paper associates the title Lokmanya with the Home Rule Movement. Literally meaning accepted by the people, the honorific reflected Tilak’s popular standing. His league of 1916 expanded the campaign for political self-government after a period of nationalist fragmentation.
Q63. The Calcutta Congress session of 1906 was a turning point because it:
[WBCS Mains History 2019]
(A) Ended the Congress altogether
(B) Ended the Moderate phase immediately
(C) Adopted boycott, Swadeshi, national education and self-government resolutions
(D) Was the final national Congress meeting
Answer: (C) Adopted boycott, Swadeshi, national education and self-government resolutions
Explanation: The 1906 Calcutta session, presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji, adopted a programme embracing Swadeshi, boycott, national education and self-government. It temporarily accommodated competing factions, but disagreements over implementation sharpened and the Surat organizational split followed the next year.
Q62. What was the immediate cause of the Surat Split in 1907?
[WBCS Mains History 2019]
(A) Boycott of Moderates by Extremists
(B) Election of the Congress president
(C) Swaraj Resolution
(D) Resolutions on Swadeshi and national education
Answer: (B) Election of the Congress president
Explanation: The contest over choosing the Congress president precipitated the 1907 Surat confrontation. Beneath that dispute were deeper differences about the scope of boycott, the use of mass agitation and the Congress leadership’s commitment to more forceful nationalist methods.
Q61. Who was associated with the assassination of Rand at Poona?
[RSMSSB Women Supervisor (6 January 2019)]
(A) Bhagat Singh
(B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(C) Chapekar brothers
(D) V. D. Savarkar
Answer: (C) Chapekar brothers
Explanation: The Chapekar brothers carried out the 1897 attack on W. C. Rand, who supervised plague operations at Poona. Tilak had become a powerful nationalist voice in Maharashtra but was not the gunman. The episode is associated with the early revolutionary movement.
