Computer & Information Technology

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Q60. The Government of India’s eSanjeevani telemedicine service was integrated with which digital initiative?

[UPSC NDA-II General Ability Test (4 September 2022)]

1. Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission
2. Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana
3. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
4. Universal Health Insurance Scheme

Answer: A. Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission

Explanation: Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission provides an interoperable framework for digital health records and accounts. Integrating eSanjeevani allows telemedicine users to link health consultations and records through the national digital-health ecosystem. The other options are insurance-related schemes rather than this platform.

Q59. Which technology company announced a cyber-security centre in Bengaluru in February 2022?

[RRB Group D, 26 August 2022, Shift 1]

1. Apple
2. IBM
3. Dell
4. HCL Technologies

Answer: B. IBM

Explanation: IBM announced a cybersecurity centre in Bengaluru in early 2022 to support organisations responding to evolving cyber threats. IBM stands for International Business Machines. The firm offers enterprise computing, security, cloud and consulting services in addition to its hardware history.

Q58. Which device forwards IP data packets between distinct computer networks?

[MPPSC State Service Prelims 2021 cycle (held 19 June 2022)]

1. Switch
2. Router
3. Brouter
4. Gateway

Answer: B. Router

Explanation: A router examines network destination information and forwards packets between connected networks using its routing table. Ordinary switches mainly connect devices within a local network at the data-link layer. Routers provide the fundamental internetworking function used across the internet.

Q57. The ‘Aa’ control in the Font group of Word 2016 denotes what command?

[RRB NTPC, 15 June 2022, Shift 1]

1. Text effects
2. Change Case
3. Clear formatting
4. Strikethrough

Answer: B. Change Case

Explanation: The Change Case command converts selected text between uppercase, lowercase, sentence case and other capitalisation patterns without retyping it. In Word’s Home tab, the associated button often displays ‘Aa’. It affects letter case rather than font weight or decorations.

Q56. Which protocol is principally used to access documents on the World Wide Web?

[RRB NTPC, 9 May 2022, Shift 1]

1. DNS
2. SNMP
3. HTTP
4. FTP

Answer: C. HTTP

Explanation: Hypertext Transfer Protocol allows a client, usually a browser, to request resources from a web server. DNS resolves domain names, SNMP monitors network devices, and FTP transfers files. Secure web connections use HTTPS, which encrypts HTTP traffic.

Q55. In which technological context is the term ‘qubit’ used?

[UPSC CSE Prelims 2022]

1. Cloud services
2. Quantum computing
3. Visible-light communications
4. Wireless communications

Answer: B. Quantum computing

Explanation: A qubit is a quantum analogue of the classical information bit. Superposition allows it to be represented by a combination of basis states until measurement. Researchers manipulate interacting qubits with quantum gates to solve some computational problems differently from classical machines.

Q54. Which of the following can be classed as short-range communication technologies:
1. CCTV;
2. RFID;
3. Wireless LAN?

[UPSC CSE Prelims 2022]

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation: CCTV installations serve a local premises, RFID reads tags over limited distances, and wireless LANs cover a local area. These technologies are commonly treated as short-range systems in the exam’s framing, unlike communication infrastructures designed for long-distance public networks.

Q53. Regarding Web 3.0, consider:
1. users may control their data;
2. social platforms may employ blockchains;
3. networks may be collectively operated.

Which statements are correct?

[UPSC CSE Prelims 2022]

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation: Web 3.0 is commonly associated with decentralised online services and user control over digital identity and data. Blockchain-based applications can distribute governance and records among participants. These are aspirational principles rather than universal properties of every modern website.

Q52. With respect to Software as a Service, assess:
1. buyers may configure interfaces and fields;
2. access is possible by mobile;
3. webmail services are SaaS.

Which hold?

[UPSC CSE Prelims 2022]

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation: Software as a Service delivers provider-hosted applications over a network. Users can often configure application settings, reach services from phones, and use hosted email such as Outlook or Yahoo Mail. The provider ordinarily operates the underlying infrastructure and application platform.

Q51. Which international technology corporation is popularly nicknamed ‘Big Blue’?

[WBCS Mains 2021, Paper IV (held May 2022)]

1. IBM
2. Microsoft
3. Apple
4. Cognizant

Answer: A. IBM

Explanation: IBM, short for International Business Machines, has long been known by the nickname Big Blue, commonly linked to its corporate identity and historical branding. The company played a major role in mainframe computers, business information systems and personal computing.