Computer & Information Technology

439

Q160. In computer-network security, what is a firewall?

[SSC CGL Tier-II 2023, 26 October 2023]

1. File manager
2. Email-borne virus
3. Traffic-filtering security control
4. Network speed amplifier

Answer: C. Traffic-filtering security control

Explanation: Firewalls inspect or filter network connections according to security rules. They can run as software or hardware appliances. Their purpose is access control, rather than virus reproduction, file management, or increasing bandwidth.

Q159. Which description identifies a Trojan horse in cybersecurity?

[SSC CGL Tier-II 2023, 26 October 2023]

1. Secure network protocol
2. Traffic-monitoring utility
3. Firewall against malware
4. Malware disguised as legitimate software

Answer: D. Malware disguised as legitimate software

Explanation: Trojan programs rely on disguise or deceptive installation to gain access. Unlike self-propagating worms, Trojans normally require some form of user action or delivery mechanism and may install unwanted capabilities.

Q158. What is RAM primarily intended to hold while a computer is running?

[SSC CGL Tier-II 2023, 26 October 2023]

1. Permanent documents
2. Archived system backups
3. Data actively used by the CPU
4. Unused peripherals

Answer: C. Data actively used by the CPU

Explanation: RAM is fast working memory that holds the instructions and information currently needed by running programs. Ordinary RAM is volatile, so its contents are generally lost on power-off, unlike saved storage.

Q157. Why does a CPU benefit from cache memory?

[SSC CGL Tier-II 2023, 26 October 2023]

1. Permanent file archiving
2. Rapid access to frequently needed information
3. Replacement of all system buses
4. Assigning user passwords

Answer: B. Rapid access to frequently needed information

Explanation: Cache stores recently or frequently accessed instructions and data near the processor. Faster access lowers average memory latency, reducing the need to retrieve every repeated item from slower main memory.

Q156. Within CPU architecture, what does MAR stand for?

[SSC CGL Tier-II 2023, 26 October 2023]

1. Main Access Register
2. Memory Access Register
3. Memory Address Register
4. Main Address Register

Answer: C. Memory Address Register

Explanation: The Memory Address Register holds the address of the memory location being accessed. It does not ordinarily hold the fetched instruction or the program’s next instruction address, which are other register functions.

Q155. Which listed computer component can receive touch input?

[SSC CGL Tier-II 2023, 26 October 2023]

1. Monitor without touch capability
2. Touchscreen
3. Printer
4. Speaker

Answer: B. Touchscreen

Explanation: A touchscreen is a combination of display and touch-input capability, letting users select and manipulate on-screen elements. Conventional printers and speakers provide output, while an ordinary non-touch monitor only displays visual information.

Q154. Which information-retrieval software package was developed by UNESCO?

[DSSSB Librarian, 10 July 2023, Shift 1]

1. DSpace
2. Sanjay
3. CDS/ISIS
4. Librarian

Answer: C. CDS/ISIS

Explanation: CDS/ISIS is a UNESCO-supported package for managing and retrieving structured bibliographic information. Its name expands to Computerised Documentation Service/Integrated Set of Information Systems. It became widely known in library and information centres for database-based cataloguing and searching.

Q153. For Word 2010, assess these statements:
(i) a template may be chosen when making a new document;
(ii) Shift + End jumps to the end of the entire document.

[SSC CHSL, 26 June 2023, Shift 1]

1. Both false
2. Both true
3. First true, second false
4. First false, second true

Answer: C. First true, second false

Explanation: Word offers predefined templates when creating documents, making statement one correct. Shift + End selects text to the end of the current line, rather than the whole document. Ctrl + End navigates to the end of a document, so statement two is false.

Q152. Which of the following are components of a computer system?

[CG Vyapam Teacher, 10 June 2023]

1. CPU
2. RAM
3. Motherboard
4. All of these

Answer: D. All of these

Explanation: The CPU executes instructions, RAM provides active working memory, and the motherboard connects these and many other components. A functional computer integrates hardware and software; all three listed physical components participate in the system’s operation.

Q151. Microsoft Office is best classified as which of the following?

[CG Vyapam Teacher, 10 June 2023]

1. System software
2. Virus
3. Software
4. Hardware

Answer: C. Software

Explanation: Microsoft Office is an application software suite containing tools for word processing, spreadsheets and presentations. Its programs run under an operating system and help users complete productivity tasks. It is neither physical equipment nor malicious software.