Q80. The Charter Act of 1813 is associated with support for which field?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, Shift 2 (2025)]
A. Railway construction
B. Western learning and educational provision
C. Doctrine of Lapse
D. Restrictions on child labour
Answer: B. Western learning and educational provision
Explanation: The Charter Act of 1813 reduced the Company’s commercial monopoly and made an annual educational allocation, while preserving specified tea and China trading privileges. Parliament authorised expenditure on education through an annual allocation, before the later English-education policy debates.
Q79. Which legislation strengthened regular oversight of the East India Company’s Indian government in 1784?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, Shift 3 (2025)]
A. Charter Act, 1813
B. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
C. Charter Act, 1793
D. Regulating Act, 1773
Answer: B. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
Explanation: Pitt’s India Act of 1784 strengthened British political oversight through a Board of Control, while the East India Company’s directors retained important corporate functions. The law supplied a Board of Control and strengthened administrative supervision while retaining the Company’s trading apparatus.
Q78. Which Act provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta?
[UPSC NDA I, General Ability Test (2025)]
A. Regulating Act, 1773
B. Charter Act, 1793
C. Charter Act, 1813
D. Government of India Act, 1858
Answer: A. Regulating Act, 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The Supreme Court at Fort William was established in 1774 and was an important judicial consequence of early parliamentary regulation.
Q77. Who was the Viceroy associated with the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms?
[RPF Constable, Shift 1 (2025)]
A. Governor-General only, not Viceroy
B. British Prime Minister
C. Secretary of State for India
D. Lord Chelmsford
Answer: D. Lord Chelmsford
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1919, known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, introduced provincial dyarchy and a two-chamber central legislature. Edwin Montagu was Secretary of State for India, whereas Lord Chelmsford served as Viceroy, jointly giving their names to the 1919 reforms.
Q76. The Indian Councils Act of 1909 is popularly called what?
[RPF Constable, Shift 1 (2025)]
A. Morley-Minto Reforms
B. Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
C. Ilbert Bill
D. Pitt’s India Act
Answer: A. Morley-Minto Reforms
Explanation: The Indian Councils Act, 1909, also called the Morley-Minto Reforms, enlarged legislative councils and introduced separate Muslim electorates. The named reformers held the posts of Secretary of State and Viceroy during legislation that expanded councils and separate electorates.
Q75. Under which Act was Indian governmental power transferred to the British Crown?
[RPF Constable, Shift 1 (2025)]
A. Government of India Act, 1858
B. Government of India Act, 1935
C. Indian Councils Act, 1909
D. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
Answer: A. Government of India Act, 1858
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1858, transferred governance from the East India Company to the British Crown, introducing a Secretary of State for India. After the rebellion of 1857, Parliament terminated Company administration and established direct Crown responsibility for India.
Q74. Which Act made the Governor-General the representative of the British Crown, also called Viceroy?
[RPF Constable, Shift 3 (2025)]
A. Government of India Act, 1858
B. Government of India Act, 1935
C. Indian Councils Act, 1909
D. Government of India Act, 1919
Answer: A. Government of India Act, 1858
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1858, transferred governance from the East India Company to the British Crown, introducing a Secretary of State for India. Lord Canning continued as Governor-General and became the first Viceroy following the transfer of political authority.
Q73. Which organisation’s governance was regulated by the British Regulating Act of 1773?
[RPF Constable, Shift 2 (2025)]
A. The British Crown itself
B. The East India Company
C. The British Parliament
D. The Mughal Empire
Answer: B. The East India Company
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The East India Company exercised both trade and territorial authority, prompting Parliament to intervene in its Indian affairs.
Q72. How many legislative lists were included in the Government of India Act, 1935?
[SSC GD Constable, Shift 1 (2025)]
A. Three
B. Two
C. Four
D. One
Answer: A. Three
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1935, replaced provincial dyarchy with provincial autonomy, envisaged an all-India federation and established the framework for a Federal Court. The federal, provincial and concurrent lists identified subjects for different levels of legislation within the proposed federal scheme.
Q71. In what year did Pitt’s India Act become law?
[RRB Technician Grade I, Shift 2 (2024)]
A. 1784
B. 1857
C. 1774
D. 1853
Answer: A. 1784
Explanation: Pitt’s India Act of 1784 strengthened British political oversight through a Board of Control, while the East India Company’s directors retained important corporate functions. The Act created a Board of Control and a system of British government supervision of East India Company affairs.
