Q90. What major electoral change came with the 1909 Act?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, Shift 3 (2025)]
A. Separate electorates
B. Proportional representation everywhere
C. Suffrage for every adult
D. Universal female voting rights
Answer: A. Separate electorates
Explanation: The Indian Councils Act, 1909, also called the Morley-Minto Reforms, enlarged legislative councils and introduced separate Muslim electorates. Muslim electorates formed a separate representation system, unlike the broad-based franchise or proportional voting proposed in the distractors.
Q89. Which Act ended provincial dyarchy under British rule?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, Shift 2 (2025)]
A. Indian Councils Act, 1909
B. Charter Act, 1853
C. Government of India Act, 1935
D. Government of India Act, 1919
Answer: C. Government of India Act, 1935
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1935, replaced provincial dyarchy with provincial autonomy, envisaged an all-India federation and established the framework for a Federal Court. The provincial dyarchy first introduced through the 1919 legislation gave way to provincial autonomy in the subsequent constitutional scheme.
Q88. Which statute marked the earliest significant constitutional intervention in Company government?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, Shift 2 (2025)]
A. Indian Councils Act, 1861
B. Regulating Act, 1773
C. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
D. Charter Act, 1813
Answer: B. Regulating Act, 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The legislation began a sequence of British parliamentary efforts to regulate East India Company activities and centralise power.
Q87. The Supreme Court established at Calcutta in 1774 consisted of the Chief Justice and how many other judges?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, Shift 2 (2025)]
A. Six
B. Two
C. Four
D. Three
Answer: D. Three
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The royal charter established one Chief Justice with three other judges under the statutory framework begun in 1773.
Q86. Which Act initiated parliamentary supervision over the East India Company’s Indian administration?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, Shift 1 (2025)]
A. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
B. Regulating Act, 1773
C. Government of India Act, 1858
D. Charter Act, 1813
Answer: B. Regulating Act, 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The British legislature intervened to correct weaknesses in Company governance, preceding the more elaborate supervisory machinery of Pitt’s later legislation.
Q85. Which statement about the Indian Councils Act of 1892 is correct?
[SSC Stenographer, Shift 3 (2025)]
A. It increased only official representation
B. It enabled budget discussions and questions in the councils
C. It provided complete direct elections
D. It granted full legislative independence
Answer: B. It enabled budget discussions and questions in the councils
Explanation: The Indian Councils Act, 1892, increased legislative participation and permitted restricted budget discussions, questions and indirect modes of selecting some members. The reform gave councillors limited deliberative rights and introduced indirect representation practices, but not full-scale direct elections.
Q84. Which reform introduced the principle of separate Muslim electorates?
[SSC Selection Post Matriculation, Shift 1 (2025)]
A. Indian Councils Act, 1892
B. Government of India Act, 1935
C. Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909
D. Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919
Answer: C. Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909
Explanation: The Indian Councils Act, 1909, also called the Morley-Minto Reforms, enlarged legislative councils and introduced separate Muslim electorates. The principle assigned separate constituencies to Muslim representatives; it was not a general Hindu-versus-Muslim universal voting system.
Q83. Which Charter Act responded to pressures from free traders, Evangelicals and Utilitarians?
[UGC NET History (2025)]
A. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
B. Charter Act, 1813
C. Charter Act, 1853
D. Indian Councils Act, 1892
Answer: B. Charter Act, 1813
Explanation: The Charter Act of 1813 reduced the Company’s commercial monopoly and made an annual educational allocation, while preserving specified tea and China trading privileges. The revision reduced Company trading privileges and opened space for missionary and educational activity under regulated conditions.
Q82. In which year did Parliament enact the Regulating Act for the East India Company?
[Patna High Court Mazdoor (2025)]
A. 1753
B. 1764
C. 1757
D. 1773
Answer: D. 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The measure followed growing concern over the Company’s territorial power and created the Governor-General of Bengal’s office.
Q81. Which Act transferred India’s governance from the East India Company to the Crown?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, Shift 3 (2025)]
A. Charter Act, 1833
B. Regulating Act, 1773
C. Government of India Act, 1858
D. Pitt’s India Act, 1784
Answer: C. Government of India Act, 1858
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1858, transferred governance from the East India Company to the British Crown, introducing a Secretary of State for India. The Company’s governing authority ended after the revolt of 1857, while the Crown’s representative continued to be styled Governor-General and Viceroy.
