Q50. Which Act placed the presidencies of Bombay and Madras under the Bengal Governor-General in specified matters?
[MP Police Constable (2023)]
A. Regulating Act, 1773
B. Government of India Act, 1935
C. Charter Act, 1793
D. Charter Act, 1813
Answer: A. Regulating Act, 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The restrictions, especially relating to war and diplomacy, strengthened Bengal’s position in Company administration.
Q49. Which statute established Bengal’s supremacy over the other Company presidencies?
[MP Police Constable (2023)]
A. Regulating Act, 1773
B. Indian Independence Act, 1947
C. Government of India Act, 1919
D. Indian Councils Act, 1909
Answer: A. Regulating Act, 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. The Act made Bengal the focal point of territorial government and reduced the autonomous discretion of Bombay and Madras.
Q48. The Government of India Act, 1935, introduced the division of legislative subjects into three lists. In which year was that Act passed?
[SSC CHSL, Shift 3 (2023)]
A. 1862
B. 1919
C. 1909
D. 1935
Answer: D. 1935
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1935, replaced provincial dyarchy with provincial autonomy, envisaged an all-India federation and established the framework for a Federal Court. The federal, provincial and concurrent lists set out legislative competencies under a constitutional framework that influenced India’s later system.
Q47. In which year did the provincial-autonomy provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935, come into operation?
[Maharashtra Forest Guard (2023)]
A. 1936
B. 1938
C. 1935
D. 1937
Answer: D. 1937
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1935, replaced provincial dyarchy with provincial autonomy, envisaged an all-India federation and established the framework for a Federal Court. Provincial autonomy operated from 1937 following provincial elections, even though the central federal design was not implemented.
Q46. Which law first established a bicameral legislature at the Centre in British India?
[SSC CGL, Shift 2 (2023)]
A. Indian Councils Act, 1861
B. Regulating Act, 1773
C. Government of India Act, 1919
D. Government of India Act, 1935
Answer: C. Government of India Act, 1919
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1919, known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, introduced provincial dyarchy and a two-chamber central legislature. The central legislative structure acquired an upper Council of State and a lower Legislative Assembly under the reform.
Q45. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms were implemented by which Act?
[SSC CGL, Shift 3 (2023)]
A. Government of India Act, 1945
B. Government of India Act, 1935
C. Government of India Act, 1923
D. Government of India Act, 1919
Answer: D. Government of India Act, 1919
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1919, known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, introduced provincial dyarchy and a two-chamber central legislature. This legislation allocated transferred and reserved provincial subjects, introducing the dyarchy experiment in provincial executive government.
Q44. Pitt’s India Act was passed in which year?
[MP Forest Guard/Jail Prahari (2023)]
A. 1773
B. 1774
C. 1783
D. 1784
Answer: D. 1784
Explanation: Pitt’s India Act of 1784 strengthened British political oversight through a Board of Control, while the East India Company’s directors retained important corporate functions. The legislation followed the earlier regulating experiment and sought more effective British supervision of Company’s public affairs.
Q43. The Regulating Act for the East India Company was passed in which year?
[SSC MTS, Shift 1 (2023)]
A. 1775
B. 1876
C. 1877
D. 1773
Answer: D. 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first major parliamentary step to supervise the East India Company, creating a Bengal Governor-General and providing for a Calcutta Supreme Court. Parliament’s first major intervention in Company administration established a Governor-General for Bengal and envisaged the Supreme Court at Calcutta.
Q42. On which date did the Indian Independence Act, 1947, receive royal assent?
[MP Forest Guard (2023)]
A. 18 July 1947
B. 14 August 1947
C. 3 June 1947
D. 26 July 1947
Answer: A. 18 July 1947
Explanation: The Indian Independence Act, 1947, enabled the creation of the independent Dominions of India and Pakistan and ended British parliamentary sovereignty over them. The law received royal assent on 18 July and provided for the creation of two independent Dominions on 15 August 1947.
Q41. The system of provincial dyarchy was introduced by which legislation?
[MPPSC State Service Preliminary Examination (2023)]
A. Government of India Act, 1935
B. Government of India Act, 1919
C. Indian Councils Act, 1861
D. Indian Councils Act, 1909
Answer: B. Government of India Act, 1919
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1919, known as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, introduced provincial dyarchy and a two-chamber central legislature. Subjects were separated into reserved and transferred categories, a system that operated until provincial autonomy superseded it.
