30. The Dandi March formally inaugurated which movement?
[WBCS Prelims (22 August 2021)]
A. Swadeshi Movement
B. Non-Cooperation Movement
C. Civil Disobedience Movement
D. Quit India Movement
Answer: C. Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: Gandhi’s 1930 salt-law protest broadened into campaigns of open noncompliance against colonial authority. The broader campaign included boycotts, refusal of certain taxes and breaches of restrictive colonial regulations. The protest was suspended, revived, and finally ended before independence.
29. When did the Second Round Table Conference take place?
[SSC CGL (13 August 2021)]
A. 1931
B. 1941
C. 1939
D. 1925
Answer: A. 1931
Explanation: The second conference met in London during 1931, when Gandhi represented Congress and contentious minority representation issues remained unresolved. The first conference met in 1930, the second in 1931 and the third in 1932. The minority-representation question proved especially difficult to settle.
28. Which statement about the Dandi March is false?
[RRB NTPC CBT-I (23 July 2021, Shift 2)]
A. It lasted about 24 days
B. Gandhi led it
C. Marchers walked 25 miles daily
D. It began with 78 volunteers
Answer: C. Marchers walked 25 miles daily
Explanation: The roughly 240-mile march was undertaken over about 24 days, nowhere near the claimed average of 25 miles daily. By targeting an essential commodity, nationalist activists made colonial economic policies understandable to ordinary people. Regional leaders reproduced the method in other parts of the country.
27. In which country did the Second Round Table Conference occur in 1931?
[SSC CHSL (13 April 2021, Shift 1; 2020 cycle)]
A. South Africa
B. United States
C. United Kingdom
D. Italy
Answer: C. United Kingdom
Explanation: British-sponsored constitutional talks were held in London. Gandhi joined the second session after the Congress truce with the viceroy. Congress boycotted the first conference during civil disobedience and returned to the second after the truce. Congress participation varied between the three London conferences.
26. Which political party formed the government in Punjab after the 1937 elections?
[RRB NTPC CBT-I (8 April 2021)]
A. Unionist Party
B. Muslim League
C. Krishak Praja Party
D. Indian National Congress
Answer: A. Unionist Party
Explanation: The cross-community Unionist Party dominated Punjab politics after the provincial poll, unlike provinces in which Congress ministries assumed office. The results exposed regional variation, communal electoral arrangements and differing provincial political coalitions. The elections were conducted under the colonial constitutional framework.
25. Which Indian woman accompanied Gandhi in the delegation to the Second Round Table Conference?
[RRB NTPC CBT-I (11 March 2021)]
A. Annie Besant
B. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
C. Sarojini Naidu
D. Sister Nivedita
Answer: C. Sarojini Naidu
Explanation: Sarojini Naidu was among Indian participants at the 1931 conference and remained a prominent leader of the nationalist movement. The conferences fed into later constitutional proposals, although they did not grant India immediate independence. The minority-representation question proved especially difficult to settle.
24. In which month and year did the First Round Table Conference open?
[RRB NTPC CBT-I (11 January 2021)]
A. August 1932
B. October 1929
C. September 1931
D. November 1930
Answer: D. November 1930
Explanation: The first London meeting began on 12 November 1930 while Congress leaders were engaged in civil disobedience and remained absent. B. R. Ambedkar participated in negotiations regarding political protection for the Depressed Classes. Congress participation varied between the three London conferences.
23. Which movement did Gandhi initiate in 1930?
[SSC CHSL (20 October 2020)]
A. Khilafat Movement
B. Quit India Movement
C. Civil Disobedience Movement
D. Non-Cooperation Movement
Answer: C. Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: The 1930 launch began with the Dandi March, converting protest against the salt tax into nationwide lawbreaking. Unlike simple non-cooperation, civil disobedience deliberately violated specified laws while emphasizing nonviolence. Its political aim was considerably broader than the particular law challenged.
22. In which year was the First Round Table Conference held in London?
[SSC CGL (9 March 2020)]
A. 1907
B. 1919
C. 1923
D. 1930
Answer: D. 1930
Explanation: The first constitutional meeting opened in November 1930 and was boycotted by Congress during the Civil Disobedience Movement. The meetings addressed the constitutional future of British India, including federal arrangements and communal representation. The minority-representation question proved especially difficult to settle.
21. In which year did the Third Round Table Conference take place?
[SSC CGL (7 March 2020)]
A. 1929
B. 1932
C. 1928
D. 1930
Answer: B. 1932
Explanation: The final London meeting occurred in 1932, without Gandhi or the Congress, as discussions moved toward constitutional legislation. Disagreement about minority safeguards remained a central obstacle to achieving consensus at the London meetings. Congress participation varied between the three London conferences.
