100. Which decision was adopted at the Lahore Congress session in December 1929?
[DSSSB MTS (23 April 2026, Shift 3)]
A. The Quit India resolution
B. Acceptance of Cripps Mission
C. Launch of Non-Cooperation
D. The demand for Purna Swaraj
Answer: D. The demand for Purna Swaraj
Explanation: Congress adopted complete independence as its declared objective under Nehru’s presidency, preparing the ground for the forthcoming campaign against British rule. The shift to complete independence followed dissatisfaction with dominion-status formulas offered by the British. The declaration rejected a lesser constitutional settlement as insufficient.
99. In what year was the Gandhi–Irwin Pact signed?
[DSSSB MTS (23 April 2026, Shift 3)]
A. 1931
B. 1927
C. 1928
D. 1936
Answer: A. 1931
Explanation: The agreement of 5 March 1931 followed negotiations between Gandhi and Viceroy Irwin, linking suspension of the movement to Congress attendance at the next Round Table Conference. One major outcome was Congress participation in the Second Round Table Conference in London in 1931.
98. Who led the Civil Disobedience Movement launched in 1930?
[DSSSB MTS (23 April 2026, Shift 1)]
A. Mahatma Gandhi
B. Madam Bhikaji Cama
C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D. C. Rajagopalachari
Answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi initiated the Salt March and made nonviolent lawbreaking the movement’s central method; other Congress leaders organized similar actions regionally. Participation varied across regions and social groups, a limitation relevant when assessing the movement’s reach. Its political aim was considerably broader than the particular law challenged.
97. Which Odisha location became a leading centre of the 1930 Salt Satyagraha?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard (21 April 2026, Shift 3)]
A. Astaranga
B. Gopalpur
C. Paradip
D. Inchudi
Answer: D. Inchudi
Explanation: Inchudi in Balasore district emerged as an important regional centre of salt-law defiance, involving volunteers and local communities. The march began in March and the symbolic lawbreaking at Dandi occurred on 6 April 1930. Regional leaders reproduced the method in other parts of the country.
96. In which year did Ramsay MacDonald announce the Communal Award?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard (18 April 2026, Shift 2)]
A. 1935
B. 1932
C. 1930
D. 1928
Answer: B. 1932
Explanation: The British prime minister announced the award on 16 August 1932, extending communal representation arrangements, including separate electorates for the Depressed Classes. The separate-electorate issue for Depressed Classes triggered Gandhi’s fast and the subsequent Poona Pact. Disagreements over these safeguards shaped constitutional politics during the 1930s.
95. What goal did the Lahore Congress session under Jawaharlal Nehru adopt in 1929?
[DSSSB MTS (11 April 2026, Shift 3)]
A. Complete independence (Purna Swaraj)
B. Separate electorates
C. Immediate provincial autonomy alone
D. Dominion Status
Answer: A. Complete independence (Purna Swaraj)
Explanation: The Lahore resolution rejected dominion status as sufficient and called for full independence, while 26 January 1930 was observed as Independence Day. Jawaharlal Nehru presided over the historic Lahore meeting at the end of December 1929. It preceded the nationwide Salt Satyagraha launched early the following year.
94. Which of the following event–year pairs is wrongly matched?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I (27 March 2026, Shift 2)]
A. Champaran Satyagraha—1917
B. Kheda Satyagraha—1918
C. Bardoli Satyagraha—1928
D. Gandhi–Irwin Pact—1929
Answer: D. Gandhi–Irwin Pact—1929
Explanation: The Gandhi–Irwin Pact belongs to 1931, not 1929; the preceding agrarian satyagrahas are correctly matched with their dates. The truce did not concede complete independence, which remained the Congress’s wider political objective. It represented a negotiated pause rather than the achievement of independence.
93. In which year did Gandhi break the Salt Act at Dandi?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I (25 March 2026, Shift 1)]
A. 1929
B. 1931
C. 1928
D. 1930
Answer: D. 1930
Explanation: After walking from Sabarmati Ashram, Gandhi broke the salt law at Dandi on 6 April 1930, signalling the launch of mass civil disobedience. Since salt was consumed by all communities, the protest linked national sovereignty with daily economic hardship.
92. Which movement did Congress agree to suspend under the Gandhi–Irwin Pact?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I (18 March 2026, Shift 2)]
A. Non-Cooperation Movement
B. Quit India Movement
C. Swadeshi Movement
D. Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer: D. Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: Congress suspended the active 1930 campaign in return for concessions such as release of nonviolent political prisoners and participation in negotiations. The Salt Satyagraha had already brought international attention to the nationalist campaign before the agreement. The agreement was nevertheless criticized for leaving major demands unresolved.
91. Which immediate demand was central to Gandhi’s 1930 Civil Disobedience campaign?
[DSSSB MTS (27 February 2026, Shift 1)]
A. Abolition of the salt tax
B. Abolition of untouchability
C. Reduction of land revenue only
D. Complete independence only
Answer: A. Abolition of the salt tax
Explanation: Although Purna Swaraj was the wider political goal, the salt monopoly was chosen as the immediate practical issue for mass protest. The initial march involved disciplined volunteers and later inspired demonstrations in several other Indian regions. It remains one of the clearest examples of symbolic nonviolent resistance.
