Q90. After what interval does the President ordinarily constitute the Finance Commission under Article 280?
[WBCS Mains 2023, Polity and Economy]
(A) Ten years
(B) Five years
(C) Two years
(D) Twelve years
Answer: (B) Five years
Explanation: Article 280 directs the President to constitute a Finance Commission every five years or earlier if necessary. It recommends how divisible Union tax revenues should be distributed and addresses specified fiscal relations between the Union and States.
Q89. Which Article provides for impeachment of the President of India?
[MPPSC State Service 2022, held 21 May 2023]
(A) Article 53
(B) Article 73
(C) Article 61
(D) Article 72
Answer: (C) Article 61
Explanation: Article 61 lays down the special parliamentary process for removing the President for constitutional violation. Article 53 instead concerns the Union’s executive power, and Article 72 confers powers to grant pardons and other forms of clemency.
Q88. Which Article empowers the President to transfer a judge from one High Court to another?
[MPPSC State Service 2022, held 21 May 2023]
(A) Article 222
(B) Article 227
(C) Article 230
(D) Article 237
Answer: (A) Article 222
Explanation: Article 222 permits the President, after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, to transfer a judge between High Courts. This differs from Article 217, which provides for the appointment and conditions of office of High Court judges.
Q87. Who is the constitutional head of the Union Executive?
[SSC MTS 2022, examination held in 2023]
(A) President
(B) Vice-President
(C) Prime Minister
(D) Chief Justice of India
Answer: (A) President
Explanation: The President is the constitutional head of the Union Executive under Articles 52 and 53. Ministers led by the Prime Minister exercise executive functions in practice through a parliamentary system based on ministerial advice and collective responsibility.
Q86. Who is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Defence Forces?
[SSC MTS 2022, examination held in 2023]
(A) Prime Minister
(B) President of India
(C) Chief Justice of India
(D) Chief of Army Staff
Answer: (B) President of India
Explanation: Article 53(2) vests the supreme command of the Union defence forces in the President. The exercise of that command is regulated by law and operates within the parliamentary executive framework, rather than creating an independent military executive.
Q85. How many members can the President nominate to the Rajya Sabha?
[SSC MTS 2022, examination held in 2023]
(A) Twelve
(B) Twenty-five
(C) Eighteen
(D) Ten
Answer: (A) Twelve
Explanation: Article 80 allows the President to nominate twelve members to the Council of States. Selection recognises special knowledge or practical experience in literature, science, art and social service, enriching parliamentary debates with specialist perspectives.
Q84. Who was the President of India in January 2023?
[Indian Air Force Agniveer Vayu (Group Y), 19 January 2023, memory-based paper]
(A) Ram Nath Kovind
(B) Droupadi Murmu
(C) Jagdeep Dhankhar
(D) M. Venkaiah Naidu
Answer: (B) Droupadi Murmu
Explanation: Droupadi Murmu took office as the fifteenth President on 25 July 2022, succeeding Ram Nath Kovind. Jagdeep Dhankhar became Vice-President in August 2022. Murmu had previously served as Governor of Jharkhand.
Q83. Before becoming the President of India, Droupadi Murmu served as a ______.
[Indian Air Force Agniveer Vayu (Group Y), 18 January 2023, memory-based paper]
(A) Governor
(B) Chief Minister
(C) Vice-President
(D) Election Commissioner
Answer: (A) Governor
Explanation: Droupadi Murmu served as Governor of Jharkhand from 2015 until 2021 before being elected President of India in 2022. Earlier, she served in Odisha’s State Government. Her presidential election was a landmark in representation.
Q82. Which assertion about election of the President of India is NOT true?
[CGPSC Preliminary Examination, General Studies 2023]
(A) The election method is described in Article 55
(B) A candidate needs fifty proposers and fifty seconders
(C) The value of State Assembly votes uses the 1971 Census population
(D) None of these assertions
Answer: (D) None of these assertions
Explanation: All three statements are accurate: Article 55 regulates the presidential election method; nomination requires fifty electors each as proposers and seconders; and the calculation of MLA vote value uses 1971 population figures until the constitutionally specified future Census adjustment.
Q81. Consider:
(i) The final session of the Constituent Assembly was held on 24 January 1950.
(ii) Dr Rajendra Prasad was declared elected to the office of President of India during that session.
Which statement is correct?
[RPSC RAS Preliminary Examination 2023]
(A) Neither (i) nor (ii)
(B) Both (i) and (ii)
(C) Only (ii)
(D) Only (i)
Answer: (B) Both (i) and (ii)
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly met for its last session on 24 January 1950, when Rajendra Prasad’s election as first President of the Republic was announced. India’s Constitution came fully into force two days later, on 26 January 1950.
