Q100. To whom does a judge of the Supreme Court of India address a resignation letter?
[UPPSC PCS Preliminary Examination 2023]
(A) President of India
(B) Prime Minister
(C) Chief Justice of India
(D) Senior-most Supreme Court judge
Answer: (A) President of India
Explanation: Article 124(2) allows a Supreme Court judge to resign by a written communication addressed to the President. This constitutional route differs from submitting a resignation to the Chief Justice, who heads the Court but does not receive such resignations.
Q99. If the Supreme Court declares the election of the Vice-President void, which is correct?
1. Earlier official acts remain valid.
2. Earlier official acts automatically become invalid.
[UPPSC PCS Preliminary Examination 2023]
(A) Both 1 and 2
(B) 1 only
(C) 2 only
(D) Neither
Answer: (B) 1 only
Explanation: Article 71 safeguards acts performed by a President or Vice-President before the Supreme Court declares the election void. A later adverse election decision therefore does not retrospectively invalidate official acts carried out during the period in office.
Q98. For impeachment of the President, consider:
A. Proceedings may begin in either House.
B. One-third majority is sufficient to admit a charge.
C. Thirty days’ notice is mandatory.
D. Each House must pass the required resolution by two-thirds of its total membership.
Which statements are correct?
[SSC CGL 2023 Tier-II, 26 October]
(A) B and C
(B) A, B and C
(C) A, B, C and D
(D) A and D
Answer: (D) A and D
Explanation: Article 61 permits impeachment to begin in either House and requires a two-thirds majority of the House’s total membership. The initiating notice is at least fourteen days and must be signed by at least one-fourth of the members.
Q97. Who has constitutional powers to grant pardons, reprieves, respites and remissions, or suspend, remit or commute certain sentences?
[SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I, 27 July]
(A) Prime Minister
(B) Attorney-General
(C) President of India
(D) Vice-President
Answer: (C) President of India
Explanation: Article 72 grants the President power to grant several forms of clemency, particularly in court-martial cases, matters under Union executive power and death sentences. The President generally exercises this power on ministerial advice, with limited judicial review available.
Q96. Who was the first President of India to inaugurate the Sangeet Natak Akademi in 1953?
[SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I, 25 July]
(A) Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
(B) M. Hidayatullah
(C) Rajendra Prasad
(D) Zakir Hussain
Answer: (C) Rajendra Prasad
Explanation: Dr Rajendra Prasad was India’s first President and inaugurated the Sangeet Natak Akademi in 1953. The Akademi was established to support and promote Indian performing arts, particularly music, dance and theatre, as a national cultural institution.
Q95. Who is regarded as the nominal executive in the Union Government of India?
[SSC MTS 2023, 5 September]
(A) Vice-President
(B) Attorney-General
(C) President
(D) Prime Minister
Answer: (C) President
Explanation: The President is India’s constitutional head of State and formal executive. In the parliamentary system, real executive responsibility lies with the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister, whose continuation in office depends on parliamentary confidence.
Q94. Who nominates persons with distinguished experience in specified fields as members of the Rajya Sabha?
[SSC MTS 2023, 6 September]
(A) Chief Justice of India
(B) President of India
(C) Chairman of Rajya Sabha
(D) Prime Minister
Answer: (B) President of India
Explanation: Article 80 provides for twelve nominated Rajya Sabha members chosen by the President for distinction in literature, science, art and social service. This provision broadens the upper House’s expertise beyond members elected by State and Union Territory representatives.
Q93. Which former President of India wrote the autobiography Wings of Fire?
[SSC MTS 2023, 12 September]
(A) Shankar Dayal Sharma
(B) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
(C) Zakir Hussain
(D) V. V. Giri
Answer: (B) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Explanation: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, India’s eleventh President, co-authored Wings of Fire with Arun Tiwari. The autobiography recounts his early life, education and scientific career, notably his contributions to India’s space and missile programmes.
Q92. Consider the Rajasthan Public Service Commission:
1. Its chairperson and members are appointed by the Governor.
2. They can be removed by the President under prescribed conditions.
Which statements are correct?
[RPSC RAS Preliminary Examination 2023]
(A) Neither
(B) Both statements
(C) 2 only
(D) 1 only
Answer: (B) Both statements
Explanation: Article 316 places appointment of State Public Service Commission members with the Governor. Article 317 provides for removal by the President in specified circumstances, with Supreme Court inquiry required for particular charges. Appointment and removal thus involve different constitutional authorities.
Q91. In appointing a judge of a High Court, whom does the President consult under Article 217?
[RPSC RAS Preliminary Examination 2023]
(A) High Court Chief Justice and Attorney-General
(B) Governor of the State, Chief Justice of India and concerned High Court Chief Justice
(C) Union Law Minister and Governor alone
(D) Chief Justice of India and Governor alone in every case
Answer: (B) Governor of the State, Chief Justice of India and concerned High Court Chief Justice
Explanation: High Court judges are appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the State Governor; the High Court Chief Justice is also consulted for appointments other than that of the Chief Justice. The Article specifies these constitutional consultations.
