Freedom Fighters of India and Their Contribution

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Q70. Which statement correctly describes the Champaran and Bardoli satyagrahas as movements for farmers’ rights?

[DSSSB NDMC Primary Teacher (23 March 2022, Shift 2)]

1. A. Neither was a farmers’ rights movement
2. B. Only Champaran was a farmers’ rights movement
3. C. Both were farmers’ rights movements
4. D. Only Bardoli was a farmers’ rights movement

Answer: C. Both were farmers’ rights movements

Explanation: Champaran in 1917 challenged the exploitation of indigo cultivators in Bihar, whereas Bardoli in 1928 opposed an increase in Gujarat’s land revenue. Both mobilized cultivators through nonviolent resistance, though they arose from different local grievances.

Q69. From which present-day state did Vinoba Bhave’s Bhoodan Movement begin?

[MPTET memory-based paper (21 March 2022)]

1. A. Telangana
2. B. Karnataka
3. C. Maharashtra
4. D. Uttar Pradesh

Answer: A. Telangana

Explanation: Vinoba Bhave began Bhoodan at Pochampally, now in Telangana, in 1951. His nonviolent land-gift campaign encouraged voluntary contributions from landholders for families without agricultural property.

Q68. Naoroji described the wealth being drained from India as which lost economic resource?

[MPSC Group B Prelims 2021 Exam (26 February 2022)]

1. A. Handicraft production
2. B. Indian currency
3. C. All cotton production
4. D. Potential surplus

Answer: D. Potential surplus

Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji argued that colonial transfers removed potential surplus that India could otherwise invest in domestic industry and development. The drain theory linked economic underdevelopment directly to political subordination and imperial financial structures.

Q67. In which year did INA forces attempt to enter India through Imphal and Kohima?

[UPPCL Junior Engineer Civil (21 February 2022, Evening)]

1. A. 1943
2. B. 1945
3. C. 1946
4. D. 1944

Answer: D. 1944

Explanation: INA forces took part alongside Japanese troops in the 1944 offensive toward Imphal and Kohima. The campaign ultimately failed, but it represented the principal attempt to enter British-controlled Indian territory by Bose’s army.

Q66. What did Tagore describe as the widest road toward solving social problems?

[Kerala SET Paper I (9 January 2022)]

1. A. Pedagogy alone
2. B. Teachers alone
3. C. Society alone
4. D. Education

Answer: D. Education

Explanation: Tagore regarded education as a means of individual and social transformation. He advocated holistic learning, cultivating intellectual, physical and artistic capacities in harmony with nature and community life.

Q65. Which educational ideas did Tagore support: creative learning in nature; importance of art, music and dance; rejection of all Western technology?

[CTET Paper II Social Science (6 January 2022)]

1. A. First and second only
2. B. First and third only
3. C. Second and third only
4. D. All three

Answer: A. First and second only

Explanation: Tagore emphasized learning in a natural environment and encouraged arts, music, dance and creative expression. His educational philosophy sought broad human development rather than a blanket rejection of all Western thought or technology.

Q64. Where did Bose establish the Provisional Government of Free India in 1943?

[West Bengal Police SI Prelims (5 December 2021)]

1. A. Berlin
2. B. Rangoon
3. C. Bangkok
4. D. Singapore

Answer: D. Singapore

Explanation: On 21 October 1943 Bose announced the Azad Hind government at Singapore. It claimed to represent independent India and was linked to the reorganized Indian National Army, which fought against British forces in Southeast Asia.

Q63. Match the Congress session places to their years: Meerut, Kanpur, Lucknow and Banaras.

[UPPSC RO/ARO General Studies (5 December 2021)]

1. A. Meerut 1916; Kanpur 1925; Lucknow 1946; Banaras 1905
2. B. Meerut 1946; Kanpur 1916; Lucknow 1905; Banaras 1925
3. C. Meerut 1946; Kanpur 1925; Lucknow 1916; Banaras 1905
4. D. Meerut 1905; Kanpur 1946; Lucknow 1925; Banaras 1916

Answer: C. Meerut 1946; Kanpur 1925; Lucknow 1916; Banaras 1905

Explanation: Meerut hosted the 1946 Congress session, Kanpur hosted the 1925 session presided over by Sarojini Naidu, Lucknow hosted the 1916 session and Banaras hosted the 1905 session chaired by Gopal Krishna Gokhale.

Q62. Assertion: Naoroji organized the East India Association in London in 1866. Reason: He wished to influence British public opinion.

[UPPSC RO/ARO General Studies (5 December 2021)]

1. A. Assertion true, reason false
2. B. Assertion false, reason true
3. C. Both true, and reason correctly explains assertion
4. D. Both true, but reason does not explain assertion

Answer: C. Both true, and reason correctly explains assertion

Explanation: Both statements are true. Dadabhai Naoroji founded the East India Association in London to communicate Indian grievances to British audiences. Its advocacy helped bring questions of representative government and colonial economic policy into British public debate.

Q61. Which building hosted major Indian National Army trials in 1945?

[AP High Court Assistant Examiner (28 November 2021, Shift 1)]

1. A. Birla House
2. B. Red Fort
3. C. Kolkata Town Hall
4. D. Golconda Fort

Answer: B. Red Fort

Explanation: The first prominent INA court-martial began at Delhi’s Red Fort in November 1945. The prosecution of Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Sahgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon generated widespread sympathy and protests throughout India.