Q270. Which statement best describes cultural universalism in Tagore’s philosophy?
[UP PGT History (9 May 2026)]
- A. Civilizations enrich each other through contact
- B. Cultures must never cross national borders
- C. Culture contributes little to human values
- D. Western culture must replace Indian traditions
Answer: A. Civilizations enrich each other through contact
Explanation: Tagore believed cultures develop through dialogue rather than isolation. His educational and literary projects aimed to connect Indian traditions with world cultures, showing how freedom, creativity and mutual understanding can coexist with particular cultural identities.
Q269. What principle underlay Rabindranath Tagore’s educational philosophy?
[UP PGT History (9 May 2026)]
- A. Unmodified imitation of Western models
- B. Classroom confinement and rote learning
- C. Holistic development through nature, creativity and freedom
- D. Technical training without cultural learning
Answer: C. Holistic development through nature, creativity and freedom
Explanation: Tagore advocated education that united intellectual, artistic, moral and physical development. At Santiniketan he encouraged learning in natural surroundings, creative expression and international cultural engagement, challenging rigid classroom discipline and excessive memorization.
Q268. Gopal Krishna Gokhale testified before which British commission in 1897?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I (8 May 2026, Shift 2)]
- A. Hunter Commission
- B. Welby Commission
- C. Fraser Commission
- D. Raleigh Commission
Answer: B. Welby Commission
Explanation: The Welby Commission investigated Indian expenditure and financial relations with Britain. Gokhale submitted evidence concerning colonial fiscal burdens, extending the economic-nationalist criticism advanced by leaders such as Dadabhai Naoroji, and highlighting the need for accountable public finance.
Q267. Who was the first woman Governor of an Indian state after independence?
[SSC GD Constable (8 May 2026, Shift 1)]
- A. Sarojini Naidu
- B. Indira Gandhi
- C. Sucheta Kripalani
- D. Vijayalakshmi Pandit
Answer: A. Sarojini Naidu
Explanation: Sarojini Naidu became Governor of the United Provinces, later Uttar Pradesh, in August 1947. A celebrated poet and freedom fighter, she had earlier become the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress at Kanpur in 1925.
Q266. What was the name of the fighting force associated with Subhas Chandra Bose’s campaign for independence?
[SSC GD Constable (4 May 2026, Shift 2)]
- A. Swaraj Army
- B. Hindustan Liberation Army
- C. Indian National Army
- D. Bharat Mukti Sena
Answer: C. Indian National Army
Explanation: The Indian National Army, also called the Azad Hind Fauj, first emerged under Mohan Singh in Southeast Asia in 1942. Subhas Chandra Bose assumed command in 1943 and made it central to the armed campaign against British colonial rule.
Q265. Which peasant movement was led by Vallabhbhai Patel in 1928?
[OSSSC Forest Guard, Forester & Excise Constable (2 May 2026, Shift 2)]
- A. Deccan Riots
- B. Bardoli Satyagraha
- C. Pabna Movement
- D. Moplah Rebellion
Answer: B. Bardoli Satyagraha
Explanation: Bardoli farmers challenged a steep enhancement of land revenue in 1928. Patel organized the collective refusal to pay, maintained nonviolent discipline and negotiated for relief. The movement became an important demonstration of effective peasant mobilization under nationalist leadership.
Q264. Which nationalist is known as the Grand Old Man of India and the Unofficial Ambassador of India?
[DSSSB MTS (1 May 2026, Shift 3)]
- A. Dadabhai Naoroji
- B. A. O. Hume
- C. Pherozeshah Mehta
- D. Badruddin Tyabji
Answer: A. Dadabhai Naoroji
Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji publicized India’s grievances in Britain and became the first Indian elected to the British House of Commons in 1892. His constitutional campaigning and economic drain critique earned him enduring recognition among the founders of Indian nationalism.
Q263. In which city was the Servants of India Society established in 1905?
[OSSSC Forest Guard, Forester & Excise Constable (30 April 2026, Shift 3)]
- A. Poona
- B. Nasik
- C. Bombay
- D. Nagpur
Answer: A. Poona
Explanation: The Servants of India Society began in Pune, then called Poona, in June 1905. Gopal Krishna Gokhale and fellow reformers organized it to train selfless workers dedicated to education, civic reform and public welfare through peaceful methods.
Q262. Who authored Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World), a novel engaging with the Swadeshi Movement?
[SSC GD Constable (29 April 2026, Shift 3)]
- A. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
- B. Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
- C. Rabindranath Tagore
- D. Bhabani Bhattacharya
Answer: C. Rabindranath Tagore
Explanation: Tagore’s novel, published in Bengali in 1916, presents competing ideas about nationalism and moral duty during the Swadeshi period. Through Nikhil, Sandip and Bimala, he explores tensions between patriotic zeal, personal freedom and ethical responsibility.
Q261. Who founded the Servants of India Society on 12 June 1905 in Pune?
[DSSSB MTS (25 April 2026, Shift 3)]
- A. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- B. Bipin Chandra Pal
- C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- D. Dadabhai Naoroji
Answer: A. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Explanation: Gopal Krishna Gokhale founded the society as a disciplined institution for national service. Members committed to public work and modest living, and the organisation promoted social uplift, education and constitutional political awareness in colonial India.
