Q120. Pingali Venkayya is particularly connected with which national symbol?
[PSSSB Clerk (6 August 2023)]
- A. The Indian Army
- B. The Indian national flag
- C. The Indian national anthem
- D. The Indian national song
Answer: B. The Indian national flag
Explanation: Pingali Venkayya designed a flag that strongly influenced the tricolour eventually adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947. His pioneering work on nationalist flag designs helped express aspirations for unity and independence.
Q119. Who initiated the Bhoodan Movement?
[CISF Head Constable Ministerial (30 July 2023, Shift 1)]
- A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- B. Mahatma Gandhi
- C. Vinoba Bhave
- D. Lal Bahadur Shastri
Answer: C. Vinoba Bhave
Explanation: Vinoba Bhave launched Bhoodan at Pochampally in 1951 to encourage landowners to give land voluntarily to landless villagers. The campaign pursued social justice through peaceful persuasion rather than compulsory confiscation, reflecting Gandhian Sarvodaya ideals.
Q118. Who became the first non-European Nobel laureate in literature in 1913 for Gitanjali?
[SSC CGL Tier-I (24 July 2023, Shift 3)]
- A. Rabindranath Tagore
- B. Dwarkanath Tagore
- C. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
- D. Abanindranath Tagore
Answer: A. Rabindranath Tagore
Explanation: Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913, especially for the English translations of Gitanjali. He was a poet, songwriter and educator who also challenged colonial injustice and narrow forms of nationalism.
Q117. Which Congress session was presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji?
[SSC Selection Post Matric Level (30 June 2023, Shift 4)]
- A. Calcutta, 1886
- B. Madras, 1887
- C. Bombay, 1889
- D. Allahabad, 1892
Answer: A. Calcutta, 1886
Explanation: Naoroji served as Congress president for the first time at Calcutta in 1886. He later chaired the 1893 Lahore and 1906 Calcutta sessions, becoming a respected bridge between differing strands of early Indian nationalism.
Q116. Which freedom fighter is known as the Mother of the Indian Revolution?
[SSC MTS 2022 Exam (16 June 2023, Shift 3)]
- A. Sarojini Naidu
- B. Annie Besant
- C. Bhikaji Cama
- D. Aruna Asaf Ali
Answer: C. Bhikaji Cama
Explanation: Bhikaji Cama promoted Indian independence while living abroad and displayed an early nationalist flag at Stuttgart in 1907. Her anti-colonial activism and assistance to expatriate nationalists brought her recognition as a pioneering revolutionary woman.
Q115. Which freedom fighter is popularly called the Mother of the Indian Revolution?
[SSC MTS (16 June 2023, Shift 3)]
- A. Sarojini Naidu
- B. Annie Besant
- C. Madam Bhikaji Cama
- D. Aruna Asaf Ali
Answer: C. Madam Bhikaji Cama
Explanation: Madam Bhikaji Cama was an expatriate nationalist who advocated Indian independence abroad. She unfurled an early nationalist flag at Stuttgart in 1907 and used international meetings and publications to draw attention to India’s colonial subjugation.
Q114. In which year did Rabindranath Tagore begin his school at Santiniketan?
[SSC MTS (14 June 2023, Shift 1)]
- A. 1905
- B. 1901
- C. 1903
- D. 1899
Answer: B. 1901
Explanation: Tagore established an experimental school at Santiniketan in 1901, emphasizing education in nature, creativity and a broad humanist outlook. The institution later developed into Visva-Bharati University.
Q113. Consider: I. Vallabhbhai Patel led the Bardoli peasant movement in 1918. II. Gandhi began the Civil Disobedience Movement in March 1930. Which statement is correct?
[TGPSC Assistant Executive Engineer Paper I (22 May 2023)]
- A. Only II
- B. Only I
- C. Both I and II
- D. Neither I nor II
Answer: A. Only II
Explanation: Statement I is inaccurate because Bardoli Satyagraha occurred in 1928; Patel’s major 1918 agrarian involvement was at Kheda. Statement II is correct: Gandhi initiated the Civil Disobedience Movement with the Salt March in March 1930.
Q112. Who led the Bardoli Satyagraha?
[PSSSB Excise Inspector (21 May 2023)]
- A. Rajendra Prasad
- B. Mahatma Gandhi
- C. Vallabhbhai Patel
- D. Morarji Desai
Answer: C. Vallabhbhai Patel
Explanation: Vallabhbhai Patel led the Bardoli peasant agitation in Gujarat in 1928 against an enhanced land-revenue demand. Disciplined non-payment and grassroots organization helped secure a settlement, and the success strengthened Patel’s standing as Sardar.
Q111. What title was associated with the poet and freedom fighter Sarojini Naidu?
[SSC MTS 2022 Exam (12 May 2023, Shift 2)]
- A. Nightingale of India
- B. Kite of India
- C. Sparrow of India
- D. Hornbill of India
Answer: A. Nightingale of India
Explanation: Sarojini Naidu earned the title Nightingale of India for the lyrical, musical qualities of her poetry. She also played an active role in mass politics and became the first Indian woman to chair the Congress in 1925.
