110. Which of these historical events occurred earliest?
[UPSC CAPF AC Paper I (19 July 2026)]
A. Dandi March
B. Chauri Chaura incident
C. Partition of Bengal
D. Champaran Satyagraha
Answer: C. Partition of Bengal
Explanation: The Partition of Bengal occurred in 1905, before Champaran in 1917, Chauri Chaura in 1922, and Gandhi’s Dandi March in 1930.
109. Why was the Salt Satyagraha of 1930 strategically effective?
[OTET Social Studies (5 July 2026)]
A. It united social classes around an everyday necessity
B. It focused exclusively on city elites
C. It permanently ended salt imports
D. It directly attacked Britain’s armed forces
Answer: A. It united social classes around an everyday necessity
Explanation: Salt was essential to the rich and poor alike, making the tax an accessible grievance that could unite widely different social groups. Since salt was consumed by all communities, the protest linked national sovereignty with daily economic hardship.
108. Which agreement brought about the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I (15 June 2026, Shift 1)]
A. Poona Pact
B. Lahore Pact
C. Gandhi–Irwin Pact
D. Lucknow Pact
Answer: C. Gandhi–Irwin Pact
Explanation: Signed on 5 March 1931, the Gandhi–Irwin Pact suspended the first phase of civil disobedience and allowed Congress participation in constitutional negotiations. The government made concessions concerning nonviolent prisoners, confiscated property and limited salt production. The agreement was nevertheless criticized for leaving major demands unresolved.
107. The Dandi March of 1930 marked the beginning of which major freedom movement?
[DSSSB Court/Room Attendant (1 June 2026, memory-based paper)]
A. Non-Cooperation Movement
B. Quit India Movement
C. Civil Disobedience Movement
D. Swadeshi Movement
Answer: C. Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: Gandhi’s public breach of the salt law at Dandi transformed a symbolic march into a nationwide campaign deliberately violating unjust colonial laws. The broader campaign included boycotts, refusal of certain taxes and breaches of restrictive colonial regulations. Its political aim was considerably broader than the particular law challenged.
106. At which Congress session was the goal of Purna Swaraj adopted?
[UPSSSC Lekhpal Mains (21 May 2026)]
A. Karachi, 1931
B. Lahore, 1929
C. Lucknow, 1916
D. Surat, 1907
Answer: B. Lahore, 1929
Explanation: The Lahore Congress under Jawaharlal Nehru proclaimed complete independence as its aim, providing the political backdrop for the 1930 campaign. The Congress marked 26 January 1930 as Independence Day before launching the Salt Satyagraha. It preceded the nationwide Salt Satyagraha launched early the following year.
105. Which salt satyagraha was led by Sarojini Naidu following Gandhi’s arrest?
[DSSSB MTS (12 May 2026, Shift 2)]
A. Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha
B. Dharasana Salt Works Satyagraha
C. Payyanur Salt Satyagraha
D. Nagpur Salt Satyagraha
Answer: B. Dharasana Salt Works Satyagraha
Explanation: At Dharasana in Gujarat, Sarojini Naidu helped lead nonviolent protesters after Gandhi’s detention, exposing severe colonial police repression. The initial march involved disciplined volunteers and later inspired demonstrations in several other Indian regions. It remains one of the clearest examples of symbolic nonviolent resistance.
104. Why did Indian nationalists criticize the British Salt Law?
[SSC GD Constable (8 May 2026, Shift 1)]
A. It monopolized salt production and imposed heavy taxes
B. It encouraged private salt factories
C. It granted unrestricted access to salt pans
D. It abolished traditional salt production
Answer: A. It monopolized salt production and imposed heavy taxes
Explanation: The colonial state controlled salt manufacture and trade while taxing a basic necessity, making resistance appealing beyond regional and class divisions. The government salt monopoly made producing ordinary salt a politically significant act of nonviolent defiance. Regional leaders reproduced the method in other parts of the country.
103. Who led the Vedaranyam Salt March during the 1930 Civil Disobedience Movement?
[DSSSB MTS (3 May 2026, Shift 1)]
A. Rajendra Prasad
B. Subhas Chandra Bose
C. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
D. C. Rajagopalachari
Answer: D. C. Rajagopalachari
Explanation: Rajagopalachari organized a parallel salt march in the Madras Presidency, showing how Gandhi’s protest model spread to other regions. The campaign drew considerable public attention and involved local leaders well beyond Gandhi’s original route. It remains one of the clearest examples of symbolic nonviolent resistance.
102. Which colonial law did Gandhi defy during the Dandi March?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard (3 May 2026, Shift 3)]
A. Salt Law
B. Arms Act
C. Press Act
D. Rationing Law
Answer: A. Salt Law
Explanation: At Dandi on 6 April 1930, Gandhi collected salt in breach of the government monopoly, making defiance of an everyday law a nationalist statement. By targeting an essential commodity, nationalist activists made colonial economic policies understandable to ordinary people.
101. Which movement began with the Dandi March of 1930?
[OSSSC Forester/Forest Guard (2 May 2026, Shift 3)]
A. Non-Cooperation Movement
B. Khilafat Movement
C. Civil Disobedience Movement
D. Quit India Movement
Answer: C. Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation: The march started on 12 March 1930 and culminated in deliberate violation of the salt law, inaugurating mass civil disobedience. Unlike simple non-cooperation, civil disobedience deliberately violated specified laws while emphasizing nonviolence. The protest was suspended, revived, and finally ended before independence.