Q200. Which Delhi Sultan introduced the Dagh (branding of horses) and Chehra (descriptive roll of soldiers) systems?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-II, 2026]
A. Balban
B. Alauddin Khalji
C. Muhammad bin Tughlaq
D. Sikandar Lodi
Answer: B. Alauddin Khalji
Explanation: Alauddin strengthened direct central control over the army through Dagh and Chehra, reducing fraudulent horse substitution and fictitious soldiers while maintaining an efficient standing army.
Q199. Who commanded Alauddin Khalji’s major military expeditions into the Deccan?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-II, 2026]
A. Zafar Khan
B. Ulugh Khan
C. Malik Kafur
D. Nusrat Khan
Answer: C. Malik Kafur
Explanation: Malik Kafur led Alauddin’s southern expeditions against Devagiri, Warangal, Dwarasamudra and the Pandya territories, extending Delhi’s political influence deep into peninsular India.
Q198. Arrange these measures of Muhammad bin Tughlaq chronologically: capital transfer, increased Doab taxation, token currency and planned Khurasan expedition.
[OPSC OCS Preliminary GS-I, 2026]
A. Doab tax → Capital transfer → Khurasan → Token currency
B. Capital transfer → Doab tax → Token currency → Khurasan expedition
C. Khurasan expedition → Capital transfer → Doab tax → Token currency
D. Capital transfer → Token currency → Doab tax → Khurasan expedition
Answer: B. Capital transfer → Doab tax → Token currency → Khurasan expedition
Explanation: These ambitious measures illustrate Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s experimental governance. Most suffered from poor implementation despite being conceived for administrative, fiscal or strategic purposes.
Q197. Who founded the Tughlaq dynasty?
[OTET Social Studies, 2026]
A. Muhammad bin Tughlaq
B. Firoz Shah Tughlaq
C. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
D. Nasiruddin Mahmud
Answer: C. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
Explanation: Ghazi Malik defeated Khusrau Khan in 1320 and assumed the title Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, thereby founding the Tughlaq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
Q196. Which battle in 1192 decisively defeated Prithviraj Chauhan and prepared the political ground for Turkish rule in North India?
[UPTET Paper-II Social Studies, 2026]
A. First Battle of Tarain
B. Second Battle of Tarain
C. Battle of Chandawar
D. Battle of Panipat
Answer: B. Second Battle of Tarain
Explanation: Muhammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj III at the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192, establishing the political foundation from which the Delhi Sultanate subsequently emerged.
Q195. Who succeeded Bahlul Lodi as Sultan in 1489?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 2026]
A. Ibrahim Lodi
B. Sikandar Lodi
C. Daulat Khan Lodi
D. Alam Shah
Answer: B. Sikandar Lodi
Explanation: Sikandar Lodi succeeded his father Bahlul Lodi in 1489 and strengthened the Lodi state through territorial expansion, administrative centralisation and tighter control over Afghan nobles.
Q194. What position did Alauddin Khalji initially hold under Sultan Jalaluddin Khalji?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 2026]
A. Wazir
B. Amir-i-Tuzuk
C. Ariz-i-Mamalik
D. Qazi-ul-Quzat
Answer: B. Amir-i-Tuzuk
Explanation: Alauddin initially served Jalaluddin as Amir-i-Tuzuk or master of ceremonies. He later received Kara and Awadh before overthrowing Jalaluddin and becoming Sultan.
Q193. Which commander attacked the Kakatiya kingdom of Warangal on Alauddin Khalji’s behalf?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 2026]
A. Malik Kafur
B. Balban
C. Khizr Khan
D. Ghazi Malik
Answer: A. Malik Kafur
Explanation: Malik Kafur led Alauddin’s successful Warangal expedition against Kakatiya ruler Prataparudra, compelling him to accept tributary obligations to the Delhi Sultanate.
Q192. The Iqta system became firmly established under which Delhi Sultanate dynasty?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 2026]
A. Khalji
B. Lodi
C. Mamluk/Slave
D. Sayyid
Answer: C. Mamluk/Slave
Explanation: Iltutmish systematically organised territorial assignments called iqtas, helping the early Mamluk state administer distant territories while supporting its military and provincial machinery.
Q191. What was the tax on agricultural produce called under Alauddin Khalji?
[SSC GD Constable, 2026]
A. Zakat
B. Kharaj
C. Jizya
D. Khams
Answer: B. Kharaj
Explanation: Kharaj was the principal land-revenue demand. Alauddin strengthened direct assessment and substantially increased the state’s share to finance his large army and centralised government.