Q90. Which dynasty established Vijayanagara in the fourteenth century?
[SSC MTS – 2024]
A. Aravidu
B. Saluva
C. Tuluva
D. Sangama
Answer: D. Sangama
Explanation: Harihara I and Bukka Raya I founded the empire as members of the Sangama family. This dynasty dominated Vijayanagara politics for roughly a century and a half.
Q89. What was the primary role of Nayakas under the Amara-Nayaka system?
[RPF SI – 2024]
A. Army commanders
B. Royal astrologers
C. Temple priests
D. Village scribes
Answer: A. Army commanders
Explanation: Nayakas were military chiefs granted revenue rights over territories called amaram. They maintained troops and supplied military contingents whenever required by the Raya.
Q88. Which Vijayanagara ruler is famous for the title “Yavanarajya Sthapanacharya”?
[RPF SI – 2024]
A. Rama Raya
B. Achyuta Raya
C. Krishnadevaraya
D. Sadasiva Raya
Answer: C. Krishnadevaraya
Explanation: Krishnadevaraya gained the title after intervening in Bahmani succession politics and restoring a Sultan, demonstrating Vijayanagara’s powerful position in early sixteenth-century Deccan affairs.
Q87. Which was NOT one of the independent southern kingdoms that emerged during fourteenth-century Delhi Sultanate decline?
[RPF SI – 2024]
A. Ma’bar
B. Vijayanagara
C. Daulatabad
D. Bahmani
Answer: C. Daulatabad
Explanation: Vijayanagara, Bahmani and Ma’bar emerged as independent powers amid weakening Delhi control. Daulatabad was an important city and former Yadava capital rather than a comparable independent kingdom.
Q86. Which cultural region was NOT a principal component of the Vijayanagara Empire?
[SSC Selection Post – 2024]
A. Tamil
B. Kannada
C. Telugu
D. Maratha
Answer: D. Maratha
Explanation: Vijayanagara encompassed large Kannada, Telugu and Tamil-speaking territories of southern India. The core Maratha-speaking region lay farther northwest and was not a principal cultural component.
Q85. The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 by whom?
[UP Police Constable – 2024]
A. Narasimha Saluva
B. Krishnadevaraya
C. Deva Raya I
D. Harihara and Bukka
Answer: D. Harihara and Bukka
Explanation: Harihara I and Bukka Raya I established the Sangama dynasty in 1336, laying the foundation for one of medieval South India’s strongest imperial states.
Q84. Hampi ruins and the Virupaksha Temple are architectural landmarks of which South Indian empire?
[DSSSB Jail Warder – 2024]
A. Vijayanagara
B. Hoysala
C. Chola
D. Pallava
Answer: A. Vijayanagara
Explanation: Hampi preserves the monumental core of Vijayanagara, including temples, bazaars, palatial remains and waterworks. Virupaksha remained one of the city’s most important sacred institutions.
Q83. The first dynasty of Vijayanagara, which ruled until the late fifteenth century, was the:
[DSSSB Jail Warder – 2024]
A. Tuluva
B. Sangama
C. Saluva
D. Aravidu
Answer: B. Sangama
Explanation: The Sangama dynasty began with Harihara and Bukka in 1336 and remained the dominant Vijayanagara ruling family until Saluva Narasimha seized power in 1485.
2023
Q82. Which Vijayanagara ruler constructed a large dam across the Tungabhadra and a long canal-aqueduct to the capital?
[UPSC CSE Prelims – 2023]
A. Deva Raya I
B. Krishnadevaraya
C. Harihara I
D. Vira Narasimha
Answer: A. Deva Raya I
Explanation: Deva Raya I undertook major irrigation works on the Tungabhadra. Such hydraulic projects supplied the capital and expanded irrigated agriculture in the surrounding region.
Q81. Who wrote Amuktamalyada?
[WBCS Prelims – 2023]
A. Rajaraja Chola
B. Harsha
C. Deva Raya
D. Krishnadevaraya
Answer: D. Krishnadevaraya
Explanation: Krishnadevaraya’s Amuktamalyada is one of the most renowned Telugu literary works produced under Vijayanagara and demonstrates the emperor’s personal scholarly accomplishments.
Q80. Vijayanagara Empire was established in which year?
[MPPSC State Services – 2023]
A. 1336 CE
B. 1236 CE
C. 1436 CE
D. 1316 CE
Answer: A. 1336 CE
Explanation: The conventional foundation date is 1336, when Harihara and Bukka established an independent kingdom that subsequently expanded across a substantial portion of peninsular India.
Q79. Which statements about Vijayanagara’s royal centre are correct:
it lay southwest;
had over sixty temples;
around thirty complexes are identified as palaces
[UPSC NDA-II – 2023]
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 1 and 2 only
Answer: C. 1, 2 and 3
Explanation: Archaeological study identifies a large royal zone containing numerous temples and secular complexes. Its spatial organization provides valuable evidence about Vijayanagara kingship and ceremonial life.
Q78. Which kingdom was founded by the brothers Harihara and Bukka?
[UPSC NDA – 2023]
A. Bahmani
B. Vijayanagara
C. Malwa
D. Maratha
Answer: B. Vijayanagara
Explanation: Harihara and Bukka founded Vijayanagara in 1336. Their descendants and successors developed it into the major southern counterpart of the contemporary Deccan Sultanates.
Q77. Contemporaries referred to the Vijayanagara Empire as the ______ Samrajyamu.
[SSC CGL – 2023]
A. Gajapati
B. Karnataka
C. Andhra
D. Kerala
Answer: B. Karnataka
Explanation: Contemporary inscriptions and literary traditions used terms such as Karnataka Samrajyamu for the empire, while “Vijayanagara Empire” became the conventional modern historical designation.
Q76. Abdur Razzaq visited Vijayanagara during whose reign?
[SSC CGL – 2023]
A. Bukka I
B. Harihara II
C. Deva Raya I
D. Deva Raya II
Answer: D. Deva Raya II
Explanation: The Persian envoy visited in the 1440s during Deva Raya II’s reign and described Vijayanagara as an exceptionally large and prosperous capital.
Q75. Krishnadevaraya founded Nagalapuram in honour of his:
[SSC CGL – 2023]
A. Father
B. Teacher
C. Sister
D. Mother
Answer: D. Mother
Explanation: Krishnadevaraya established the suburban settlement Nagalapuram, named after his mother Nagala Devi, as part of extensive urban and architectural activity around Vijayanagara.
Q74. The Amara-Nayakas of Vijayanagara were primarily:
[SSC CGL – 2023]
A. Forced labourers
B. Finance officers
C. Peasants
D. Military commanders
Answer: D. Military commanders
Explanation: Amara-Nayakas received territorial assignments, collected revenue and maintained military contingents for the Raya, making them central to Vijayanagara’s provincial and military structure.
Q73. The founders of Vijayanagara had earlier served as feudatories/officers of which dynasty?
[SSC CHSL – 2023]
A. Hoysala
B. Pandya
C. Kakatiya
D. Chola
Answer: C. Kakatiya
Explanation: Traditions associate Harihara and Bukka with Kakatiya ruler Prataparudra of Warangal before political upheavals brought them into Kampili and ultimately the foundation of Vijayanagara.
Q72. Who founded the Tuluva line of Vijayanagara?
[SSC CHSL – 2023]
A. Krishnadevaraya
B. Narasa Nayaka
C. Deva Raya I
D. Achyuta Raya
Answer: B. Narasa Nayaka
Explanation: Tuluva Narasa Nayaka became the dominant military and political figure after the Saluvas and laid the foundation for the Tuluva dynasty, later glorified by Krishnadevaraya.
Q71. Which Vijayanagara ruler gave his daughter in marriage to Firuz Shah Bahmani after conflict?
[SSC CHSL – 2023]
A. Deva Raya II
B. Deva Raya I
C. Krishnadevaraya
D. Bukka I
Answer: B. Deva Raya I
Explanation: Following warfare between Vijayanagara and the Bahmani Sultanate, a marriage alliance involving Deva Raya I’s daughter formed part of the resulting political settlement.
