Q70. Who is known as the Father of the White Revolution in India?
[MP Police Constable, 21 Aug 2023 Shift 2]
- M. S. Swaminathan
- Dr Verghese Kurien
- Dr Manmohan Singh
- Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: (B) Dr Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Verghese Kurien played a leading role in cooperative dairy development and Operation Flood. His work at Anand helped create a farmer-owned milk marketing model that spread across India. M. S. Swaminathan is more closely associated with the Green Revolution.
Q69. What is the other name commonly used for the White Revolution?
[SSC GD Constable, 08 Feb 2023 Shift 1 (2022 recruitment cycle)]
- Operation Dairy
- Operation Dam
- Operation Flood
- Operation Milk
Answer: (C) Operation Flood
Explanation: Operation Flood was the major national programme behind the White Revolution. It expanded organised milk collection and marketing through producer cooperatives, improving availability in cities and access to markets for farmers. Its name should not be confused with irrigation projects.
Q68. Who is generally called the Father of India’s White Revolution?
[Bihar STET, 06 Sep 2023 Shift 1]
- Herbert Boyer
- Verghese Kurien
- M. S. Swaminathan
- Charles Darwin
Answer: (B) Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Dr Verghese Kurien helped build the cooperative dairy system associated with Anand and later Operation Flood. His contribution transformed milk procurement, processing and distribution. M. S. Swaminathan is instead remembered for his role in high-yield crop programmes.
Q67. Who was the architect of Operation Flood in India?
[CISF Head Constable Ministerial, 30 Jul 2023 Shift 1]
- Tribhuvandas Patel
- Vallabhbhai Patel
- Morarji Desai
- Verghese Kurien
Answer: (D) Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Verghese Kurien is widely credited as the architect of Operation Flood. He promoted the cooperative model through which dairy producers could jointly collect, process and market milk. Tribhuvandas Patel was also important in the formation of the Anand dairy cooperative.
Q66. Which traditional festival involves a race of buffaloes in water-filled fields?
[SSB Constable, 13 Jul 2023 Shift 2]
- Jallikattu
- Kambala
- Bonalu
- Ugadi
Answer: (B) Kambala
Explanation: Kambala is a traditional buffalo racing event associated with coastal Karnataka. Buffalo pairs race through wet paddy fields in a practice linked with the region’s farming heritage. Jallikattu, by contrast, is a bull-taming event associated with Tamil Nadu.
Q65. Who is often described as the Father of Operation Flood in India?
[FCI Assistant Grade III, 01 Jan 2023 Shift 3 (memory-based)]
- Dr Norman Borlaug
- Dr M. S. Swaminathan
- Dr Verghese Kurien
- Dr William Gande
- None of the above
Answer: (C) Dr Verghese Kurien
Explanation: Operation Flood was shaped by Verghese Kurien through the National Dairy Development Board and the dairy cooperative movement. It aimed to raise output, improve producer returns and provide reliable milk supplies. Norman Borlaug and M. S. Swaminathan are associated with crop improvement.
Q64. What are the sheep and goat enclosures used by the Changpa pastoral community of Ladakh called?
[CTET Paper I, 17 Jan 2023]
- Rebo
- Lekha
- Shed
- Pen
Answer: (B) Lekha
Explanation: The Changpa are high-altitude pastoralists who herd goats and sheep in Ladakh. A lekha is an enclosure used for their animals, whereas a rebo refers to the distinctive tent in which pastoral households live. Such shelters suit migratory herding.
Q63. Which branch of agriculture deals with the feeding, sheltering, health and breeding of domestic animals?
[MP Police Constable, 18 Aug 2023 Shift 1]
- Honey culture
- Animal husbandry
- Animal farming
- Apiculture
Answer: (B) Animal husbandry
Explanation: Animal husbandry covers breeding, nutrition, housing and veterinary management of domesticated animals raised for milk, meat, wool, eggs or farm power. Apiculture is a specialised activity involving honey bees. Scientific livestock management supports productivity and animal welfare.
Q62. Which of the following best defines mixed farming?
[SSC MTS, 02 May 2023 Shift 1 (memory-based)]
- Cultivating cash crops and food crops
- Growing two or more crops in one field
- Rearing animals together with cultivating crops
- None of the above
Answer: (C) Rearing animals together with cultivating crops
Explanation: Mixed farming integrates crop cultivation and livestock rearing within one agricultural system. Crop residues can feed animals, while manure helps maintain soil fertility. This interdependence provides households with more than one source of farm products and income.
Q61. The White Revolution is associated with increasing the production of which product?
[MP Police Constable, 12 Aug 2023 Shift 2]
- Curd
- Cheese
- Milk
- Rubber
Answer: (C) Milk
Explanation: India’s White Revolution concerns increasing milk production and developing dairy supply systems. Processing may convert milk into curd or cheese, but milk is the central commodity named by the revolution. Rubber is a plantation crop unrelated to dairy husbandry.
