Q10. The Directive Principle in Article 43B relating to co-operative societies was incorporated by which Constitutional Amendment Act?
[AP Police Constable Preliminary Examination – 2023]
A. 91st Constitutional Amendment Act
B. 93rd Constitutional Amendment Act
C. 95th Constitutional Amendment Act
D. 97th Constitutional Amendment Act
Answer: D. 97th Constitutional Amendment Act
Explanation: The 97th Amendment introduced Article 43B as a constitutional commitment to strengthening cooperatives. It promoted self-governance, democratic elections and professional administration, responding to earlier concerns about inefficient management and prolonged control by appointed administrators.
Q9. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option:
[MPSC Rajyaseva Preliminary Examination – 2022]
(a) The subject ‘Co-operative Societies’ has been included in the Constitution of India by the 97th Amendment in 2011.
(b) The right to establish ‘Co-operative Societies’ is given in Article 19(1)(c).
(c) The first law related to Co-operative Societies in India was passed during the tenure of Lord Curzon.
A. (a) and (c) are correct
B. (b) and (c) are correct
C. (a) and (b) are correct
D. All the three statements are correct
Answer: D. All the three statements are correct
Explanation: The 97th Amendment introduced specific constitutional recognition for cooperatives, including Article 19(1)(c). The cooperative movement’s early legislative history includes the Cooperative Credit Societies Act, 1904, enacted during Lord Curzon’s tenure as Viceroy.
Q8. Article 43B was inserted as a _______ in the Constitution of India.
[SSC MTS – 2022]
A. Constitutional body
B. Fundamental duty
C. Directive Principle of State Policy
D. Fundamental Right
Answer: C. Directive Principle of State Policy
Explanation: Article 43B is located in Part IV, which contains the Directive Principles. It does not establish a constitutional body or create a Fundamental Duty. Its objective is to guide public policy towards stronger democratic and autonomous cooperative institutions.
Q7. Which Constitutional Amendment Act added new provisions related to cooperative societies in Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy?
[NVS Mess Helper – 2022]
A. 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011
B. 96th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011
C. 95th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2009
D. None of the above
Answer: A. 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011
Explanation: The 97th Amendment modified Article 19(1)(c), inserted Article 43B and introduced Part IXB. These changes were designed to strengthen cooperatives through constitutional recognition, improve democratic administration and reduce unnecessary interference in their functioning.
Q6. Which of the following Articles was added to the Indian Constitution through the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011?
[Jute Corporation of India Junior Assistant – 2022]
A. Article 151
B. Article 43B
C. Article 127
D. Article 51
Answer: B. Article 43B
Explanation: Article 43B was specifically introduced to encourage cooperative development. It reflects the constitutional goal of improving cooperative accountability, democracy and autonomy while supporting efficient management and greater participation of members in institutional decision-making.
Q5. Which Constitutional Amendment Act added a new Directive Principle regarding ‘co-operative societies’ in 2011?
[UP Police Sub-Inspector – 2021]
A. 97th Amendment
B. 73rd Amendment
C. 101st Amendment
D. 62nd Amendment
Answer: A. 97th Amendment
Explanation: Article 43B emerged from the 97th Amendment to promote the voluntary formation and democratic functioning of cooperatives. Its introduction recognised the need for professional administration and safeguards against institutional weaknesses affecting cooperative members.
Q4. Which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India is related to the promotion of co-operative societies?
[SSC GD Constable – 2021]
A. Article 43A
B. Article 43B
C. Article 31A
D. Article 31B
Answer: B. Article 43B
Explanation: Article 43B encourages voluntary formation, democratic control, autonomous functioning and professional management of cooperatives. It was inserted in 2011 through the 97th Amendment, reflecting the importance of cooperatives in social participation and economic development.
Q3. Article 43B in Part IV of the Constitution of India deals with:
[RRB NTPC CBT-I – 2021]
A. Village panchayats
B. Cooperative societies
C. Rural business hubs
D. Forest development
Answer: B. Cooperative societies
Explanation: Article 43B is a Directive Principle dedicated to cooperative promotion. By seeking autonomous, democratic and professionally governed institutions, it supports members’ participation and economic cooperation. Village Panchayats are separately addressed under Article 40.
Q2. The new Fundamental Right that was incorporated by the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2011, was:
[AP Police Constable Preliminary Examination – 2019]
A. Right to Education
B. Right to practice any profession
C. Right to carry on any trade
D. Right to form Cooperative Societies
Answer: D. Right to form Cooperative Societies
Explanation: The amendment explicitly included the right to form cooperative societies within Article 19(1)(c). This recognised collective economic organisation as part of citizens’ freedom of association, strengthening constitutional protection for cooperative formation.
Q1. Which amendment of the Indian Constitution inserted the words “co-operative societies” in Article 19?
[JKSSB Patwari – 2018]
A. The Constitution (Ninety-fourth Amendment) Act, 2006
B. The Constitution (Ninety-fifth Amendment) Act, 2009
C. The Constitution (Ninety-seventh Amendment) Act, 2011
D. The Constitution (Ninety-ninth Amendment) Act, 2014
Answer: C. The Constitution (Ninety-seventh Amendment) Act, 2011
Explanation: The 97th Constitutional Amendment added express recognition of cooperative societies under Article 19(1)(c). It also inserted Article 43B and Part IXB to improve cooperative autonomy, democratic administration, member accountability and professional management.
