Q30. For the development of cooperative societies, which part of the Constitution was amended through the 97th Amendment?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I – 2025]
A. Part IXB
B. Part XII
C. Part XI
D. Part IXA
Answer: A. Part IXB
Explanation: Part IXB was inserted by the 97th Constitutional Amendment to provide a framework concerning cooperative societies. Its provisions address matters such as incorporation, board composition, elections and auditing. Its application was subsequently limited by the Supreme Court in 2021.
Q29. Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for the incorporation, regulation and winding up of co-operative societies?
[DFCCIL Multi-Tasking Staff – 2025]
A. Article 248(1)
B. Article 241(1)
C. Article 243I
D. Article 243ZI
Answer: D. Article 243ZI
Explanation: Article 243ZI concerns incorporation, regulation and winding up of cooperative societies based on democratic participation, economic involvement and autonomous functioning. It was introduced through Part IXB, whose enforceable constitutional application is now limited to multi-State cooperatives.
Q28. Which of the following Directive Principles is mentioned in Article 43B of the Constitution of India?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I – 2025]
A. Uniform civil code for citizens
B. Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry
C. Promotion of co-operative societies
D. Equal justice and free legal aid
Answer: C. Promotion of co-operative societies
Explanation: Article 43B directs the State to promote cooperative societies through voluntary membership, democratic administration, institutional autonomy and professional management. Uniform Civil Code appears under Article 44, while equal justice and free legal aid are covered by Article 39A.
Q27. Which Constitutional Amendment recognised the right to form cooperative societies as part of Fundamental Rights?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I – 2025]
A. 11th Amendment Act
B. 99th Amendment Act
C. 93rd Amendment Act
D. 97th Amendment Act
Answer: D. 97th Amendment Act
Explanation: The 97th Amendment explicitly recognised forming cooperative societies under Article 19(1)(c). The change strengthened citizens’ freedom to establish such organisations, reflecting the importance of cooperation, economic participation and collective decision-making within India’s constitutional framework.
Q26. Under which List of the Indian Constitution are co-operative societies classified?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I – 2025]
A. Residuary Powers
B. Concurrent List
C. State List
D. Union List
Answer: C. State List
Explanation: Entry 32 of List II in the Seventh Schedule includes cooperative societies. Consequently, the States ordinarily regulate cooperative institutions within their territories. The distinction between State and multi-State cooperatives is important when determining legislative competence.
Q25. Which of the following features of the Indian Constitution was added by the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act?
[SSC MTS – 2024]
A. Independent Bodies
B. Elections to the Panchayats
C. Cooperative Societies
D. Foreign Policy
Answer: C. Cooperative Societies
Explanation: The 97th Amendment introduced specific constitutional provisions for cooperative societies. It was intended to strengthen member accountability, prevent prolonged administrative interference, encourage timely elections and improve professional management, recognising cooperatives as instruments of socioeconomic development.
Q24. Chapter IX-B of the Indian Constitution on “Co-operative Societies” was included by:
[OSSC CGL Mains – 2024]
A. 42nd Amendment
B. 44th Amendment
C. 72nd Amendment
D. 97th Amendment
Answer: D. 97th Amendment
Explanation: The question refers to Part IXB, introduced through the 97th Constitutional Amendment. It contains Articles 243ZH to 243ZT concerning cooperative governance. The Supreme Court later restricted its operation to multi-State cooperative societies because State ratification was missing.
Q23. Which of the following is NOT a Directive Principle of State Policy under Part IV of the Constitution of India?
[OSSC CGL Mains – 2024]
A. Provision for maternity relief
B. Living wage for workers
C. Promotion of Sanskrit language
D. Promotion of co-operative societies
Answer: C. Promotion of Sanskrit language
Explanation: Article 43B includes promotion of cooperative societies among the Directive Principles. Maternity relief is covered by Article 42 and living wages by Article 43. Promotion of Sanskrit is not an independently listed Directive Principle under Part IV.
Q22. Which Directive Principle was added by the 97th Amendment Act, 2011?
[SSC Junior Engineer Electrical – 2024]
A. Uniform civil code for citizens
B. Separation of judiciary from executive
C. Promotion of co-operative societies
D. Organisation of village panchayats
Answer: C. Promotion of co-operative societies
Explanation: The 97th Amendment introduced Article 43B, adding cooperative promotion to the Directive Principles. It was intended to strengthen cooperative institutions through member participation, democratic elections, independent management and professional administration rather than excessive external control.
Q21. Consider the following pairs:
[HPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination – 2024]
1. Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid : Article 36
2. Promotion of Cooperative Societies : Article 43B
3. Participation of Workers in Management of Industries : Article 43A
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
A. Only one pair
B. Only two pairs
C. All three pairs
D. None of the pairs
E. Question not attempted
Answer: B. Only two pairs
Explanation: Pairs 2 and 3 are correct. Article 43B concerns cooperative promotion, while Article 43A promotes worker participation in industrial management. Pair 1 is incorrect because equal justice and free legal aid are addressed under Article 39A.
