Q50. The 74th Amendment concerning urban local government was passed under which Prime Minister?
[BHEL Engineer Trainee [23 Aug 2023]]
(A) Morarji Desai
(B) Chandra Shekhar
(C) P. V. Narasimha Rao
(D) V. P. Singh
Answer: (C) P. V. Narasimha Rao
Explanation: The 74th Constitutional Amendment was enacted during the premiership of P. V. Narasimha Rao. It conferred constitutional status on urban municipalities and added Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule to support decentralised city governance.
Q49. Which urban local self-government institution is not established on the same constitutional basis as municipalities?
[Bihar STET [13 Sep 2023, Shift 1]]
(A) Cantonment Board
(B) Municipal Council
(C) Municipal Corporation
(D) Nagar Panchayat
Answer: (A) Cantonment Board
Explanation: Cantonment Boards operate under separate central legislation governing military cantonments. The other three institutions are constitutional categories of urban municipalities recognised by Article 243Q after the 74th Amendment. Their functions and institutional foundations therefore differ.
Q48. The Urban Self Employment Programme and Urban Wage Employment Programme were components of which scheme?
[SSC Stenographer [12 Oct 2023, Shift 3]]
(A) Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana
(B) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana
(C) Antyodaya Anna Yojana
(D) Rural Employment Generation Programme
Answer: (A) Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana
Explanation: Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana used self-employment support and wage-employment measures to address urban poverty. It aimed to improve livelihood opportunities among poorer city residents, recognising that urban development involves employment security as well as housing and civic infrastructure.
Q47. Which of the following is NOT a component of PMAY–Urban?
[RPSC Executive Officer [14 May 2023, Shift 2]]
(A) SPI
(B) BLC
(C) CLSS
(D) AHP
Answer: (A) SPI
Explanation: Beneficiary-Led Construction, Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme and Affordable Housing in Partnership were components of PMAY–Urban. SPI was not a component. The mission used multiple delivery models to help eligible urban households obtain permanent accommodation.
Q46. What is migration?
[MPTET Social Science [16 May 2023, Shift 2]]
(A) A change in population composition only
(B) The movement of people, goods and services
(C) The movement of people across regions and territories
(D) None of these
Answer: (C) The movement of people across regions and territories
Explanation: Migration means movement of people across geographic areas, either within a country or internationally. Rural-to-urban migration contributes to urbanisation when migrants settle in towns and cities, though natural increase and reclassification also affect urban growth.
Q45. In India’s six largest metros, about 48% of residents were migrants in Census 2011. Which explanation is plausible:
I. Better career and economic prospects;
II. People enjoy visiting cities?
[SSC CGL Tier II [26 Oct 2023]]
(A) Only I
(B) Neither I nor II
(C) Both I and II
(D) Only II
Answer: (A) Only I
Explanation: Employment prospects, higher earnings and access to services are important urban pull factors. Leisure travel does not generally account for recorded long-term residence in metropolitan populations, so only the first explanation fits the migration pattern described.
Q44. Under Section 5 of the Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009, a Municipal Corporation is established for which type of area?
[RPSC Executive Officer [14 May 2023, Shift 2]]
(A) Transitional area
(B) Every area
(C) Smaller urban area
(D) Larger urban area
Answer: (D) Larger urban area
Explanation: Municipal Corporations are intended for larger urban areas requiring substantial administrative capacity. Municipal Councils generally serve smaller urban areas, while Nagar Panchayats address transitional settlements that are changing from rural to urban characteristics.
Q43. For which category of area should a Municipal Council be set up under Section 5 of the Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009?
[RPSC Executive Officer [14 May 2023, Shift 1]]
(A) Smaller urban area
(B) Larger urban area
(C) Transitional area
(D) Every area
Answer: (A) Smaller urban area
Explanation: A Municipal Council is intended for smaller urban areas. In contrast, a Municipal Corporation administers larger urban areas, and a Nagar Panchayat serves transitional areas. The division reflects different scales of municipal service requirements.
Q42. How many statutory towns were recorded in Punjab in Census 2011?
[Punjab Police Constable [12 Aug 2023, Shift 2]]
(A) 142
(B) 143
(C) 145
(D) 144
Answer: (B) 143
Explanation: Punjab recorded 143 statutory towns under Census 2011. Statutory towns have legally recognised urban local authorities, whereas census towns satisfy specified demographic and occupational criteria even without an urban local-government designation.
Q41. What was the urban share of Maharashtra’s population in Census 2011, expressed as a decimal?
[Maharashtra Nagar Parishad [26 Oct 2023, Shift 3]]
(A) 0.5678
(B) 0.6689
(C) 0.4522
(D) 0.2678
Answer: (C) 0.4522
Explanation: About 45.22% of Maharashtra’s population lived in urban areas in 2011, represented by the decimal 0.4522. Maharashtra also contained the largest absolute number of urban residents among Indian states. The two indicators should not be confused.
