60. Which plateau region was the principal centre of the Kol Rebellion of 1831–32?
[RRB JE CBT-II (Civil & Allied Engineering), 2 July 2026]
A. Meghalaya Plateau
B. Deccan Plateau
C. Malwa Plateau
D. Chotanagpur Plateau
Answer: (D) Chotanagpur Plateau
Explanation: The Kol uprising was centred on the Chotanagpur Plateau, including parts of Ranchi, Singhbhum, Hazaribagh and adjoining areas. It challenged colonial land policies, the displacement of traditional chiefs and the growing influence of outsiders over tribal lands.
59. During the Santhal Rebellion, against whom was Santhal resentment primarily directed?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 19 June 2026, Shift 3]
A. Missionaries distributing famine relief
B. Traditional Santhal clan heads
C. British officials, zamindars, traders and moneylenders
D. Bengal Army soldiers in remote cantonments
Answer: (C) British officials, zamindars, traders and moneylenders
Explanation: The Santhal Hul of 1855–56 protested colonial rule and the exploitation practised by landlords, traders and moneylenders. Debt, land alienation and coercive revenue demands undermined Santhal livelihoods, turning local grievances into an organised uprising.
58. Who was the leader associated with the Munda Uprising of 1899–1900?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 18 June 2026, Shift 3]
A. Tilka Manjhi
B. Jatra Oraon
C. Birsa Munda
D. Budhu Bhagat
Answer: (C) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Birsa Munda led the Ulgulan in the Chotanagpur region around 1899–1900. His followers sought to recover ancestral land rights, resist the intrusion of landlords and outsiders, and defend Munda social and political autonomy.
57. What chiefly triggered the Kol Uprising in Chhotanagpur during 1831–32?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 17 June 2026, Shift 3]
A. Transfer of tribal lands and the arrival of moneylenders and merchants
B. Prohibition of traditional local festivals
C. Forced recruitment for overseas military service
D. Famine caused by rice cultivation failures
Answer: (A) Transfer of tribal lands and the arrival of moneylenders and merchants
Explanation: New colonial revenue and property arrangements weakened tribal control of land and empowered non-tribal intermediaries. Kols and allied groups resisted the loss of customary rights, mounting a major uprising against the Company’s local order.
56. Which tribal leader was revered by followers as Dharti Aba, Vishwapita or a divine prophet?
[Army Agniveer GD, 8 June 2026, Shift 2 (memory-based paper)]
A. Birsa Munda
B. Sidhu and Kanhu
C. Chand and Bhairav
D. None of these
Answer: (A) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Birsa Munda acquired spiritual authority alongside his political leadership. His followers regarded him as Dharti Aba, or Father of the Earth. He promoted moral reforms and mobilised resistance to colonial administration and the dispossession of Munda cultivators.
55. By what name is the tribal uprising of 1855 led by Sidhu and Kanhu known?
[DSSSB Court Attendant, 2 June 2026, Shift 2]
A. Bhil Uprising
B. Wahabi Movement
C. Santhal Uprising
D. Moplah Uprising
Answer: (C) Santhal Uprising
Explanation: Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu helped launch the Santhal Hul in June 1855. Santhal communities confronted the East India Company and oppressive zamindari-moneylending networks. The rebellion continued into 1856 before being suppressed by colonial military force.
54. Who was the Jharkhand tribal leader called Dharati Baba who headed the Munda Rebellion?
[SSC GD Constable, 25 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. Birsa Munda
B. Alluri Sitarama Raju
C. Komaram Bheem
D. Peer Ali Khan
Answer: (A) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Birsa Munda became known as Dharti Aba, meaning Father of the Earth. He led a movement combining religious revival with resistance to British rule and the encroachment of landlords on customary Munda holdings in Chotanagpur.
53. Which tribal revolt was sufficiently intense for the British to bring troops from distant areas?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 9 May 2026, Shift 3]
A. Kol Rebellion in Singhbhum
B. Localized Bhil resistance in Khandesh
C. A coastal fishing-village revolt in Malabar
D. A minor Santhal disturbance requiring few troops
Answer: (A) Kol Rebellion in Singhbhum
Explanation: The Kol Rebellion spread across sections of Chotanagpur during 1831–32. The scale of the resistance challenged Company authority and required substantial military operations. Land transfers and the entry of exploitative outsiders underlay the confrontation.
52. Around which year did the Santhals begin their major rebellion?
[SSC GD Constable, 30 April 2026, Shift 1]
A. 1821
B. 1855
C. 1885
D. 1903
Answer: (B) 1855
Explanation: The Santhal Hul began in 1855 and continued into 1856. Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu were among its central leaders. Santhals protested dispossession, debt, the zamindari structure and oppressive East India Company authority in the Rajmahal region.
51. Where did the Santhal Hul against East India Company rule take place?
[OSSSC Forester / Forest Guard / Excise Constable, 23 April 2026, Shift 3]
A. Chotanagpur under Birsa Munda
B. Rajmahal Hills under Sido and Kanhu
C. Coastal Odisha under Bakshi Jagabandhu
D. Malabar under the Mappila community
Answer: (B) Rajmahal Hills under Sido and Kanhu
Explanation: The Santhal Hul arose in the Rajmahal Hills and neighbouring Damin-i-Koh region. Sido and Kanhu led resistance against British administrators and local exploiters. It was distinct from the later Munda Ulgulan and the Paika Rebellion in Odisha.
50. Bindrai Manki was a prominent participant in which Chotanagpur tribal insurrection?
[DSSSB Primary Teacher, 10 April 2026, Shift 1]
A. Kol Insurrection
B. Munda Uprising of 1899
C. Santhal Rebellion
D. Rangpur Peasant Revolt
Answer: (A) Kol Insurrection
Explanation: Bindrai Manki is associated with the Kol Uprising of 1831–32 in the Singhbhum-Chotanagpur belt. Tribal headmen and cultivators opposed the encroachment of outsiders and the disruption of inherited rights under the expanding colonial administration.
49. In which region did the Kol Uprising opposing British intervention occur?
[RRB Technician Grade I, 13 March 2026]
A. Mysore
B. Awadh
C. Chotanagpur
D. Coastal Bengal
Answer: (C) Chotanagpur
Explanation: The Kol uprising broke out in the Chotanagpur region during 1831–32. Groups including Kols, Mundas, Oraons and Hos resented the loss of customary land rights, exploitative outsiders and changes to administration imposed under Company rule.
48. Which pair of leaders played a leading role in the Santhal Rebellion of 1855–56?
[RRB Technician Grade III, 9 March 2026, Shift 3]
A. Birsa Munda and Raghunath Murmu
B. Lalu Prasad and Sidhu
C. Sidhu Murmu and Kanhu Murmu
D. Tilka Manjhi and Sidhu
Answer: (C) Sidhu Murmu and Kanhu Murmu
Explanation: Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu mobilised the Santhals against colonial authorities, zamindars and moneylenders. Chand and Bhairav also participated in leadership. The rebellion began in 1855 and became a landmark episode of organised tribal resistance.
47. Which Santhal leader headed a rebellion against colonial rule?
[Delhi Police Constable (Executive), 29 December 2025, Shift 3]
A. Tantia Tope
B. Birsa Munda
C. Sidhu Murmu
D. Mangal Pandey
Answer: (C) Sidhu Murmu
Explanation: Sidhu Murmu, with Kanhu and other relatives, led the Santhal Hul beginning in 1855. The movement sought to end the domination of British officials and oppressive moneylending and landlord interests that had undermined Santhal agriculture and autonomy.
46. Which statement describes Rani Gaidinliu correctly?
[Delhi Police Constable (Executive), 23 December 2025, Shift 2]
A. She led a Naga tribal revolt against British rule
B. She organised the Assam Salt Satyagraha
C. She founded the Azad Hind Fauj
D. She launched the Quit India Movement in Nagaland
Answer: (A) She led a Naga tribal revolt against British rule
Explanation: Rani Gaidinliu was a Naga religious and political leader associated with the Heraka movement. Following Jadonang’s execution, she expanded resistance to British authority. The colonial government arrested her in 1932, when she was still a teenager.
45. Rani Gaidinliu, remembered for anti-colonial tribal resistance, belonged to which present-day state?
[MP Police Constable, 13 December 2025, Shift 1]
A. Gujarat
B. Maharashtra
C. Assam
D. Manipur
Answer: (D) Manipur
Explanation: Gaidinliu was born in Nungkao, in present-day Manipur, in 1915. Associated with the Zeliangrong Naga community, she joined Jadonang’s Heraka movement and subsequently resisted British authority in the Naga Hills and adjacent regions.
44. What was an important significance of Birsa Munda’s Ulgulan Movement?
[SSC CPO, 9 December 2025, Shift 1]
A. Its principal aim was missionary conversion
B. It created a Munda state under the Crown
C. It defended tribal land rights against outsiders
D. It concerned religion alone, without colonial implications
Answer: (C) It defended tribal land rights against outsiders
Explanation: The Ulgulan challenged the disruption of traditional Munda landholding, particularly the khuntkatti system. Birsa’s followers protested interference by dikus, including landlords and moneylenders, and demanded protection for their economic and customary rights.
43. Which sequence places the Santhal Rebellion, Kherwar Movement, Deccan Revolt and Rampa Rebellion in chronological order?
[UPSC EPFO EO/AO, 30 November 2025]
A. Deccan–Santhal–Kherwar–Rampa
B. Rampa–Kherwar–Santhal–Deccan
C. Santhal–Kherwar–Deccan–Rampa
D. Deccan–Kherwar–Santhal–Rampa
Answer: (C) Santhal–Kherwar–Deccan–Rampa
Explanation: The Santhal Hul dates to 1855–56, followed by the Kherwar religious-reform movement in the 1870s. The Deccan agrarian disturbances occurred in 1875, and the well-known Rampa uprising under Alluri Sitarama Raju followed in 1922–24.
42. In what year was Rani Gaidinliu arrested by the colonial authorities?
[OSSSC CRE Preliminary Examination, 31 October 2025, Shift 3]
A. 1932
B. 1919
C. 1911
D. 1923
Answer: (A) 1932
Explanation: British officials arrested Gaidinliu in 1932 during the repression of anti-colonial Naga resistance. She had continued the Heraka-led campaign following Jadonang’s execution in 1931 and remained imprisoned until India’s independence in 1947.
41. In which region was Rani Gaidinliu especially associated with Naga resistance to British rule?
[SSC CGL, 26 September 2025, Shift 3]
A. Arunachal Pradesh (Naga Hills)
B. Meghalaya (Khasi Hills)
C. Manipur (Naga Hills)
D. Mizoram (Lushai Hills)
Answer: (C) Manipur (Naga Hills)
Explanation: Rani Gaidinliu came from Manipur’s Zeliangrong Naga community and organised resistance across parts of the Naga Hills. Heraka combined efforts to preserve traditional beliefs with opposition to colonial political control.
40. Rani Gaidinliu became famous for participation in which movement?
[SSC CGL, 24 September 2025, Shift 3]
A. Heraka religious and anti-colonial mobilisation among Nagas
B. Bengal peasant revolt against zamindars
C. Ghadar-linked armed rebellion in Punjab
D. Gandhi’s Andhra Non-Cooperation campaign
Answer: (A) Heraka religious and anti-colonial mobilisation among Nagas
Explanation: The Heraka movement, associated first with Haipou Jadonang and then Gaidinliu, defended traditional Naga religious practice. It also evolved into organised resistance to British colonial rule, seeking greater self-determination for the Naga communities.
39. Assertion: Rani Gaidinliu continued the Heraka movement after Jadonang. Reason: Her main goal was to turn it into a Naga mass-literacy campaign. Which is correct?
[SSC CGL, 23 September 2025, Shift 3]
A. Both are true and the reason explains the assertion
B. Both true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
C. Assertion true, reason false
D. Assertion false, reason true
Answer: (C) Assertion true, reason false
Explanation: Gaidinliu assumed leadership after the British executed Jadonang in 1931. Her efforts centred on religious-cultural renewal and resistance to colonial authority. The claim that her primary objective was a mass-literacy programme misrepresents the movement.
38. Who led the movement known as Ulgulan against colonial exploitation of tribal land?
[SSC CGL, 23 September 2025, Shift 2]
A. Sidhu Murmu
B. Kanhu Murmu
C. Birsa Munda
D. Tilka Manjhi
Answer: (C) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Ulgulan, meaning Great Tumult, was the Munda movement led by Birsa Munda at the close of the nineteenth century. It protested the destruction of collective landholding and the power exercised by landlords, merchants and colonial officials.
37. Which instruction was NOT among Birsa Munda’s social reforms?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 8 September 2025, Shift 2]
A. Give up drinking alcohol
B. Cultivate and protect your land
C. Stop living in the past
D. Reject belief in magic and witchcraft
Answer: (C) Stop living in the past
Explanation: Birsa combined resistance to colonial land exploitation with reforms of Munda social life. He urged followers to avoid alcohol, reject harmful superstition and recover a morally disciplined community. The quoted instruction about simply abandoning the past was not his message.
36. Who headed the Munda Ulgulan during the 1890s?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 8 September 2025, Shift 1]
A. Tana Bhagat
B. Gunda Dhur
C. Tilka Manjhi
D. Birsa Munda
Answer: (D) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Birsa Munda mobilised tribal people in Chotanagpur during the 1890s, culminating in the Ulgulan of 1899–1900. He challenged colonial restrictions and the intrusion of outsiders into traditional Munda landholding and social institutions.
35. Identify the incorrect statement about Birsa Munda’s life.
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 28 August 2025, Shift 3]
A. He called on followers to oppose European power
B. He spoke about restoring the Mundas’ golden age
C. He was born in the forests of Madhya Pradesh
D. He attended a local missionary school
Answer: (C) He was born in the forests of Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: Birsa Munda was born at Ulihatu in what is now Jharkhand, not Madhya Pradesh. His experience of missionary education and the grievances of tribal cultivators influenced a movement demanding renewal of Munda society and resistance to colonial rule.
34. Besides British officials, which groups were targeted by the Santhal Revolt of 1855–56?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 22 August 2025, Shift 3]
A. Zamindars and moneylenders
B. French merchants
C. Afghan invaders
D. Maratha and Nawab armies
Answer: (A) Zamindars and moneylenders
Explanation: The Santhals opposed colonial officials and intermediaries whose loans, rents and revenue demands deprived cultivators of land and independence. Zamindars and moneylenders were central targets, making the Hul both an anti-colonial and anti-exploitation movement.
33. Which tribal rebellion was described as Ulgulan or the Great Tumult?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT-I, 7 August 2025, Shift 2]
A. Munda Uprising
B. Kol Rebellion
C. Santhal Rebellion
D. Chuar Uprising
Answer: (A) Munda Uprising
Explanation: Ulgulan refers to the movement led by Birsa Munda in 1899–1900. Its demands included a restoration of Munda control over ancestral land and the ending of exploitation by outside landlords and agents of colonial government.
32. Who conferred the title “Rani” on the Naga leader Gaidinliu?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, 17 June 2025, Shift 2]
A. Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Sarojini Naidu
C. Mahatma Gandhi
D. Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: (A) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru popularised the title Rani for Gaidinliu in recognition of her courage. She had led anti-colonial Naga resistance after Jadonang and was imprisoned by the British in 1932, remaining in detention until independence.
31. Which uprising did NOT occur around the disturbances accompanying the Revolt of 1857?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, 14 June 2025, Shift 2]
A. Sambalpur Rebellion
B. Naikda Movement
C. Birsa Munda Revolt
D. Santhal Rebellion
Answer: (C) Birsa Munda Revolt
Explanation: Birsa Munda’s Ulgulan occurred during 1899–1900, decades after the Revolt of 1857. By comparison, the Santhal Hul erupted in 1855–56. The question tests historical sequence rather than treating all tribal rebellions as one event.
30. Which rebellion–region combination is wrongly matched?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, 13 June 2025, Shift 2]
A. Ramosi Rebellion—Maharashtra
B. Lushai Revolt—Assam region
C. Heraka Movement—West Bengal
D. Kol Rebellion—Jharkhand region
Answer: (C) Heraka Movement—West Bengal
Explanation: The Heraka movement arose among Naga communities in the northeastern hills, not West Bengal. Jadonang and Gaidinliu provided its best-known leadership. The Kol uprising, by contrast, developed in Chotanagpur in present-day Jharkhand.
29. Which among these was NOT a participant or leadership group in the Santhal Rebellion?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I, 5 June 2025, Shift 2]
A. Chand
B. Kanhu
C. Bhairav
D. Tana Bhagats
Answer: (D) Tana Bhagats
Explanation: Chand, Kanhu and Bhairav belonged to the Murmu family closely linked with the Santhal Hul. The Tana Bhagat movement, associated with Oraon reform under Jatra Bhagat, emerged much later, in the early twentieth century.
28. Which freedom-fighter is connected with the Ulgulan Movement?
[RPF Sub-Inspector CBT-I, 3 December 2024, Shift 2]
A. Tirot Sing
B. Birsa Munda
C. Tilka Manjhi
D. Budhu Bhagat
Answer: (B) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Birsa Munda’s followers launched Ulgulan against the loss of customary rights, oppressive landlords and British authority. The movement was active around Ranchi and surrounding Chotanagpur areas in 1899–1900 and became central to tribal political memory.
27. Sido and Kanhu headed which tribal rebellion?
[SSC CGL Tier-I, 18 September 2024, Shift 1]
A. Moplah Rebellion
B. Santhal Rebellion
C. Kol Rebellion
D. Munda Rebellion
Answer: (B) Santhal Rebellion
Explanation: Sido and Kanhu Murmu were major leaders of the Santhal Hul, launched in 1855. The rebellion confronted British colonial officials and exploitative intermediaries, particularly landlords and moneylenders, in the Rajmahal Hills and surrounding settlements.
26. Who was a principal leader of the Santhal Rebellion?
[WBCS 2023 Mains, History Paper III, held 18 August 2024]
A. Sidhu Murmu
B. Jyotiba Phule
C. Birsa Munda
D. Vishnucharan Biswas
Answer: (A) Sidhu Murmu
Explanation: Sidhu Murmu and his brother Kanhu mobilised the Santhals in 1855. Birsa Munda belonged to a later tribal movement, while Phule worked primarily for social reform in western India. The Santhal movement concerned colonial and agrarian exploitation.
25. Which group resisted new taxes and exploitative forces during 1855–56?
[Bihar TRE 3.0 Primary Teacher, 20 July 2024]
A. Tribes of Khandesh in 1856
B. Santhals of Bihar in 1855–56
C. Tribes of Chotanagpur in 1850
D. None of these
Answer: (B) Santhals of Bihar in 1855–56
Explanation: The Santhals resisted colonial taxation and economic exploitation in 1855–56. Moneylenders and zamindars took advantage of debt and revenue policies, damaging customary access to land. Sidhu and Kanhu became leaders of the armed rebellion.
24. Who was a leader of the Santhal uprising of 1855?
[Bihar D.El.Ed, 16 April 2024, Shift 1]
A. Sidhu
B. Birsa Munda
C. Mangal Pandey
D. None of these
Answer: (A) Sidhu
Explanation: Sidhu Murmu, together with Kanhu and other relatives, led the Santhal rebellion in the Rajmahal region. The campaign sought freedom from exploitative landlords and moneylenders, as well as the domination of the East India Company.
23. Who led the Munda uprising?
[WBPSC Food Sub-Inspector, 17 March 2024, Shift 1]
A. Joa Bhagat
B. Sidhu
C. Birsa
D. Kanhu
Answer: (C) Birsa
Explanation: Birsa Munda led the Ulgulan against colonial domination in 1899–1900. His followers resisted alienation of ancestral land and the influence of outsiders. Sidhu and Kanhu were leaders of the earlier Santhal Hul, not Birsa’s movement.
22. Which of these year associations is correct: I. Kol Rebellion—1831–32; II. Santhal Rebellion—1859?
[Bombay High Court Peon/Hamal, 8 February 2024, Shift 4]
A. Statement I only
B. Statement II only
C. Both statements
D. Neither statement
Answer: (A) Statement I only
Explanation: The Kol Rebellion took place mainly in 1831–32 in Chotanagpur. The Santhal Rebellion, however, began in 1855 and continued into 1856, making the date 1859 inaccurate. Both uprisings reflected tribal opposition to colonial-era exploitation.
21. Under whose leadership did the Santhal Rebellion of 1855–56 occur?
[Bihar TRE 2.0 Upper Primary Teacher, 9 December 2023]
A. Raj Kumar Shukla
B. S. N. Sinha
C. Sahajanand Saraswati
D. None of these
Answer: (D) None of these
Explanation: The Santhal Hul was led by Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu, with Chand, Bhairav and other community participants. None of the three named individuals in the options was its central leader. The uprising protested colonial and agrarian oppression.
20. Which of these movements occurred first?
[Bihar TRE 2.0 TGT, 8 December 2023]
A. Santhal Rebellion
B. Birsa Munda’s Rebellion
C. Tana Bhagat Movement
D. None of these
Answer: (A) Santhal Rebellion
Explanation: The Santhal Rebellion began in 1855, followed by Birsa Munda’s Ulgulan in 1899–1900 and the Tana Bhagat movement from 1914. Recognising these dates prevents confusion between separate movements among different tribal communities.
19. Which community did NOT stage its major revolt during the 1820s?
[Bihar STET PGT, 12 September 2023, Shift 1]
A. Santhals
B. Ahoms
C. Pagal Panthis
D. Ramosis
Answer: (A) Santhals
Explanation: The well-known Santhal Hul broke out in 1855 rather than the 1820s. Ahom resistance, the Pagal Panthi agitation and Ramosi disturbances were linked to earlier phases of British expansion and rural discontent.
18. Which movement was associated with Rani Gaidinliu?
[SSC Selection Post (Matric Level), 27 June 2023, Shift 1]
A. Heraka
B. Meira Paibi
C. Nupi Lan
D. Nisha Bandh
Answer: (A) Heraka
Explanation: Rani Gaidinliu followed Haipou Jadonang in the Heraka movement among the Nagas. What began as religious-cultural renewal also acquired a political dimension, resisting colonial authority. She was arrested in 1932 and remained imprisoned until independence.
17. In which period did the Santhal Revolt occur?
[SSC MTS, 3 May 2023, Shift 1 (memory-based)]
A. 1831–32
B. 1844–46
C. 1851–52
D. 1855–56
Answer: (D) 1855–56
Explanation: The Santhal Hul occurred in 1855–56 in the Rajmahal region. Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu led a large mobilisation against Company rule, moneylenders and zamindars. It preceded the more widespread revolt of 1857.
16. In which year was Birsa Munda arrested and imprisoned for rioting for two years?
[SSC Stenographer, 17 November 2022, Shift 3]
A. 1897
B. 1893
C. 1895
D. 1899
Answer: (C) 1895
Explanation: British officials first arrested Birsa Munda in 1895 on charges associated with public disorder. After imprisonment he returned to agitation, and the armed Ulgulan culminated in 1899–1900. He died in Ranchi jail in June 1900.
15. Which Munda leader was a tribal freedom fighter as well as a religious reformer?
[JSSC Junior Engineer Re-exam, 3 November 2022, Paper I]
A. Khush Munda
B. Cheena Munda
C. Bhomic Munda
D. Birsa Munda
Answer: (D) Birsa Munda
Explanation: Birsa Munda combined opposition to colonial rule with a religious and social movement. His leadership of Ulgulan aimed to restore customary tribal rights and resist exploitation. Born in Ulihatu in 1875, he died in custody in 1900.
14. How long was Birsa Munda imprisoned after his 1895 arrest and conviction?
[DSSSB Junior Secretariat Assistant, 16 April 2022, Shift 2]
A. Six months
B. Three years
C. Two years
D. One year
Answer: (C) Two years
Explanation: Birsa was convicted following his first arrest in 1895 and received a two-year prison term. His subsequent mobilisation against colonial authority escalated towards the 1899–1900 uprising, after which he was captured again and died in jail.
13. After the Santhal Revolt, Santhal Pargana was carved out of which two districts?
[SSC Selection Post (Higher Secondary), 15 March 2022, Shift 2]
A. Bankura and Birbhum
B. Bhagalpur and Birbhum
C. Bankura and Purulia
D. Hazaribagh and Birbhum
Answer: (B) Bhagalpur and Birbhum
Explanation: Following the Santhal Hul, the colonial administration reorganised the region into Santhal Parganas, taking territory from Bhagalpur and Birbhum. The arrangement recognised the need for a distinct administration after the rebellion of 1855–56.
12. Match the leaders Birsa Munda, Sidhu–Kanhu and Alluri Sitarama Raju to Chotanagpur, Santhal Pargana and Andhra respectively.
[ICAR Technician, 2 March 2022, Shift 1]
A. Birsa–Santhal; Sidhu–Chotanagpur; Alluri–Andhra
B. Birsa–Chotanagpur; Sidhu–Santhal; Alluri–Andhra
C. Birsa–Santhal; Sidhu–Andhra; Alluri–Chotanagpur
D. Birsa–Chotanagpur; Sidhu–Andhra; Alluri–Santhal
Answer: (B) Birsa–Chotanagpur; Sidhu–Santhal; Alluri–Andhra
Explanation: Birsa Munda is linked to the Chotanagpur Ulgulan, Sidhu and Kanhu to the Santhal Hul in Santhal Pargana, and Alluri Sitarama Raju to the Rampa struggle in the Andhra region. The movements were distinct.
11. Sidhu and Kanhu were associated with which rebellion?
[MPPSC Assistant Professor 2022, History Paper II]
A. Munda Rebellion
B. Santhal Rebellion
C. Kuka Rebellion
D. Bhil Rebellion
Answer: (B) Santhal Rebellion
Explanation: The Santhal Hul began in 1855 under the leadership of Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu. It targeted colonial officials and exploitative landholding and credit systems in eastern India. Birsa Munda led a different tribal uprising decades later.
10. With which movement is the term Ulgulan associated?
[WBCS Prelims, 22 August 2021]
A. Munda Uprising
B. Santhal Uprising
C. Kol Uprising
D. Gurkha Uprising
Answer: (A) Munda Uprising
Explanation: Ulgulan, usually translated as Great Tumult, refers to the rebellion led by Birsa Munda in 1899–1900. The movement grew from grievances over colonial land rules, erosion of khuntkatti tenure and the domination of outside intermediaries.
9. During which years did the Santhal Revolt take place?
[SSC CHSL 2020 Paper, held 9 August 2021, Shift 1]
A. 1825–26
B. 1848–49
C. 1855–56
D. 1874–75
Answer: (C) 1855–56
Explanation: The Santhal Rebellion began on 30 June 1855 and was suppressed in 1856. The Santhals, including leaders Sidhu and Kanhu, resisted oppressive revenue collection, debt and loss of land in and around Damin-i-Koh.
8. Which leader from northeast India organised a revolt against British rule?
[SSC CHSL 2020 Paper, held 13 April 2021, Shift 2]
A. Durgawati Devi
B. Matangini Hazra
C. Pritilata Waddedar
D. Rani Gaidinliu
Answer: (D) Rani Gaidinliu
Explanation: Rani Gaidinliu was a Naga spiritual and political leader from present-day Manipur. Associated with the Heraka movement, she mobilised opposition to colonial rule and was arrested by the British in 1932 while still a teenager.
7. In Indian history, which event is called Ulgulan, or the Great Tumult?
[UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination, GS Paper I, 2020]
A. Revolt of 1857
B. Mappila Rebellion of 1921
C. Indigo Revolt of 1859–60
D. Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899–1900
Answer: (D) Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899–1900
Explanation: Ulgulan was the great Munda uprising led by Birsa Munda. It developed from alienation of ancestral land, the erosion of customary tenure and grievances against landlords and colonial officials in the Chotanagpur region.
6. Which statement about the tribal leader Jaipal Singh is NOT correct?
[UPSC NDA General Ability Test, 6 September 2020]
A. He served in the Constituent Assembly
B. He founded the Adivasi Maha Sabha
C. He captained India’s first Olympic hockey team
D. He campaigned for a separate Chhattisgarh state
Answer: (D) He campaigned for a separate Chhattisgarh state
Explanation: Jaipal Singh Munda advocated a separate Jharkhand, not Chhattisgarh. He established the Adivasi Mahasabha in 1938, represented tribal interests in the Constituent Assembly and was captain of India’s 1928 Olympic hockey team.
5. For which community did the British demarcate the Damin-i-Koh settlement area?
[UPSC CDS General Knowledge, 3 February 2019]
A. Santhals
B. Mundas
C. Oraons
D. Saoras
Answer: (A) Santhals
Explanation: Damin-i-Koh was demarcated near the Rajmahal Hills for Santhal settlement and farming. Later, the spread of landlords, moneylenders and oppressive revenue arrangements damaged Santhal independence and contributed to the Hul rebellion of 1855.
4. Which rebellion–year pair is incorrectly matched?
[SSC CHSL, 17 March 2018, Shift 3]
A. Munda Rebellion—1899
B. Vellore Mutiny—1806
C. Santhal Rebellion—1855
D. Chuar Rebellion—1870
Answer: (D) Chuar Rebellion—1870
Explanation: The Chuar uprisings were especially associated with the late eighteenth century, including 1798–99, rather than 1870. The Munda Ulgulan began in 1899, the Vellore Mutiny occurred in 1806, and the Santhal Hul began in 1855.
3. Which historical revolt–year combination is incorrectly matched?
[UPPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination, 2017]
A. Pabna Revolt—1873
B. Deccan Peasant Revolt—1875
C. Sanyasi Revolt—1894
D. Kol Uprising—1832
Answer: (C) Sanyasi Revolt—1894
Explanation: Sanyasi and Fakir resistance began in the late eighteenth century, not 1894. The Kol uprising took place around 1831–32; the Pabna agrarian movement spread from 1873, and the Deccan peasants’ riots erupted in 1875.
2. Which movements among Santhal Rebellion, Indigo Revolt, Deccan Peasant Riots and Birsa Munda Uprising occurred after 1857?
[CGPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination, 2017]
A. Santhal, Indigo and Deccan
B. Indigo, Deccan and Birsa Munda
C. Santhal, Indigo and Birsa Munda
D. Santhal, Deccan and Birsa Munda
Answer: (B) Indigo, Deccan and Birsa Munda
Explanation: The Santhal uprising occurred in 1855–56, before the Revolt of 1857. The Indigo Revolt took place in 1859–60, Deccan agrarian riots in 1875 and Birsa Munda’s Ulgulan in 1899–1900.
1. Choose the correct chronology of the Bengal Sepoy Mutiny, Vellore Mutiny, Kutch Rebellion, Kol Uprising and Santhal Uprising.
[RPSC RAS Preliminary Examination, 2013]
A. Bengal Sepoy–Vellore–Kutch–Kol–Santhal
B. Kutch–Vellore–Bengal Sepoy–Kol–Santhal
C. Santhal–Bengal Sepoy–Vellore–Kutch–Kol
D. Vellore–Kutch–Bengal Sepoy–Kol–Santhal
Answer: (A) Bengal Sepoy–Vellore–Kutch–Kol–Santhal
Explanation: The sequence places the early Bengal sepoy disturbances before Vellore in 1806, followed by Kutch unrest from 1819, the Kol revolt around 1831–32 and the Santhal Hul in 1855. Chronology helps distinguish successive anti-colonial resistances.