40. Workers in mountain tourism resorts lose their jobs in the off-season. What type of unemployment does this represent?
[SSC CGL – 11 September 2024]
(A) Seasonal
(B) Underemployment
(C) Disguised
(D) Cyclical
Answer: (A) Seasonal
Explanation: Tourist demand in mountain destinations changes sharply with weather and travel seasons. Workers may have jobs during peak months and none in the off-season. Such predictable periodic joblessness is seasonal unemployment, not a recession-wide cyclical phenomenon.
39. Which sector is especially associated with seasonal unemployment in India?
[SSC CGL – 26 September 2024]
(A) Agriculture
(B) Manufacturing
(C) Medical services
(D) Information technology
Answer: (A) Agriculture
Explanation: Agricultural tasks are concentrated in sowing, cultivation and harvesting periods. Farm labour demand therefore rises and falls through the year, potentially leaving workers without paid work in slack months. This pattern illustrates seasonal unemployment in the primary sector.
38. What is the empirical inverse relationship between wage inflation and unemployment commonly called?
[SSC CGL – 13 September 2024]
(A) Friedman model
(B) Keynesian model
(C) Baumol hypothesis
(D) Phillips curve
Answer: (D) Phillips curve
Explanation: The Phillips curve was originally estimated as a relationship between unemployment and changes in money wages. Lower unemployment can coincide with faster wage growth, though inflation expectations and supply shocks complicate any simple policy trade-off, especially over long periods.
37. Which of the following was described as important for modernisation and general prosperity?
[SSC CHSL – 1 July 2024]
(A) Stable exports
(B) Stable unemployment
(C) Stable employment
(D) Stable imports
Answer: (C) Stable employment
Explanation: Secure employment provides households with reliable incomes and supports consumption, saving and human-capital development. It also makes it easier for workers to gain experience and invest in skills. The exam therefore identified stable employment as the relevant economic foundation.
36. Which NPCI-linked digital payment instrument, introduced in 2021, was developed with the health and finance authorities?
[SSC CHSL – 3 July 2024]
(A) Dhani
(B) MobiKwik
(C) YONO
(D) e-RUPI
Answer: (D) e-RUPI
Explanation: e-RUPI is a purpose-specific prepaid digital voucher system designed for cashless, contactless payments. It can help deliver benefits to intended users without requiring a conventional card or app-based payment account for each transaction. Its initial launch was in 2021.
35. Which sector employed the largest proportion of urban Indian workers in 2019–20?
[SSC MTS – 15 October 2024]
(A) Agriculture
(B) Industry
(C) Services
(D) Mining
Answer: (C) Services
Explanation: Urban labour markets contain substantial retail, trade, transport, education, healthcare, finance and other services employment. Hence services formed the largest workforce share among the sectors given. Urban employment composition is not the same as the countrywide occupational distribution.
34. What is unemployment called when a worker is nominally employed but adds no output at the margin?
[SSC MTS – 30 October 2024]
(A) Seasonal unemployment
(B) Educated unemployment
(C) Disguised unemployment
(D) Urban unemployment
Answer: (C) Disguised unemployment
Explanation: Disguised unemployment exists when surplus workers share a task that requires fewer people. Removing some of these workers would not appreciably reduce production. It often appears in family farms and small informal activities, where workers lack alternative full-time employment.
33. ATM operations are classified under which sector of economic activity?
[SSC GD – 28 February 2024]
(A) Primary
(B) Quaternary
(C) Tertiary
(D) Secondary
Answer: (C) Tertiary
Explanation: Automated teller machines are part of financial-service delivery, allowing customers to access cash and basic account functions. Operating banking infrastructure constitutes a service rather than agriculture or industrial production. Thus ATM facilities belong broadly to the tertiary sector.
32. At an advanced level of development, which sector typically accounts for a lower fraction of GDP?
[SSC CPO – 28 June 2024]
(A) Services
(B) Services and agriculture equally
(C) Industry
(D) Agriculture
Answer: (D) Agriculture
Explanation: Higher productivity in farming allows fewer people to produce food for a larger population, while industry and services expand. Agriculture consequently tends to occupy a smaller share of output as economies develop, even though it remains important for food security.
31. Which of the following is an advantage of e-commerce?
[MPPSC State Service Prelims – 17 December 2023]
(A) Transactions can run around the clock
(B) Customer reach is necessarily limited
(C) Products cannot be personalised
(D) Operating costs must be higher
Answer: (A) Transactions can run around the clock
Explanation: An online storefront need not close at fixed business hours. E-commerce can therefore serve customers at any time and across locations. Delivery schedules and support services may still have time limits, but the digital ordering channel itself can operate continuously.
