180. Which Indian sector expanded significantly through globalisation?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I (16 June, Shift 2) — 2026]
(A) Handicrafts alone
(B) Mining alone
(C) Traditional farming alone
(D) Information technology and services
Answer: (D) Information technology and services
Explanation: India’s information-technology and business-services industries grew through access to international clients and communication networks. Outsourcing of software and back-office operations became important service exports. Other sectors also participate in global trade, but IT-led services became especially prominent.
179. Which process involves assigning business activities to an outside enterprise and expanded with globalisation?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT-I (18 March, Shift 3) — 2026]
(A) Privatisation
(B) Nationalisation
(C) Liberalisation
(D) Outsourcing
Answer: (D) Outsourcing
Explanation: Outsourcing transfers selected tasks, such as customer support or software development, to outside providers. Digital connectivity enables cross-border outsourcing. Privatisation instead concerns ownership transfer, while liberalisation removes restrictions. These processes can accompany globalisation but are conceptually distinct.
178. Which among these territories recorded the lowest sex ratio in Census 2011?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I (13 June, Shift 2) — 2026]
(A) Haryana
(B) Chandigarh
(C) Delhi
(D) Daman and Diu
Answer: (D) Daman and Diu
Explanation: Daman and Diu recorded an exceptionally low number of females per thousand males in 2011, below the listed alternatives. Migration patterns and male-dominated employment can influence the observed ratio. This question uses pre-reorganisation Census 2011 boundaries.
177. A city of 50,000 residents grows by 15% in year one and 20% in year two. What is its population after two years?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (13 August 2026, Shift 1) — 2026]
(A) 68,800
(B) 69,000
(C) 68,000
(D) 69,900
Answer: (B) 69,000
Explanation: Successive growth rates multiply instead of adding directly. First 50,000 becomes 57,500 after the 15 percent rise. Multiplying by 1.20 gives 69,000. The combined growth rate is 38 percent, including the interaction between the increases.
176. A city of 16,000 people grows by 25% each year. What will the population be after three years?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (11 August 2026, Shift 1) — 2026]
(A) 32,000
(B) 31,250
(C) 28,800
(D) 30,250
Answer: (B) 31,250
Explanation: Compound population growth uses the annual multiplier repeatedly. Multiplying 16,000 by 1.25 three times gives 31,250 residents. Adding 25 percent three times would underestimate the result because growth in later years applies to a larger base.
175. A population increases from 64,000 to 93,500 in one year. What is the percentage increase, to two decimals?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (18 August 2026, Shift 1) — 2026]
(A) 46.56%
(B) 46.09%
(C) 46.39%
(D) 46.64%
Answer: (B) 46.09%
Explanation: The increase is 29,500. Dividing this by the original 64,000 and multiplying by one hundred gives 46.09375 percent, which rounds to 46.09 percent. Percentage change uses the starting population as its denominator.
174. A city’s population rises from 70,000 to 71,435. What is the percentage increase?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (9 August 2026, Shift 1) — 2026]
(A) 2.15%
(B) 2.05%
(C) 2.25%
(D) 2.00%
Answer: (B) 2.05%
Explanation: Subtracting 70,000 from 71,435 gives an increase of 1,435. Dividing by 70,000 and multiplying by 100 yields 2.05 percent. This is a single-period growth rate, rather than a compound rate across multiple years.
173. A city has 80,000 residents. It grows 10%, falls 5% and grows another 20% in successive years. What is the final population?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (17 August 2026, Shift 1) — 2026]
(A) 1,07,320
(B) 1,01,320
(C) 1,10,320
(D) 1,00,320
Answer: (D) 1,00,320
Explanation: Multiplying 80,000 by 1.10, then 0.95 and finally 1.20 gives 100,320. Each annual percentage is applied to the population remaining after the preceding change, so the rates must not simply be added.
172. A town’s population falls from 80,000 to 72,000. What percentage decrease occurred?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (5 August 2026, Shift 1) — 2026]
(A) 8%
(B) 12%
(C) 10%
(D) 15%
Answer: (C) 10%
Explanation: The town lost 8,000 inhabitants. Dividing 8,000 by the original 80,000 produces 0.10, or 10 percent. The denominator must be the original value for a percentage decline measured over the specified period.
171. A town grows from 60,000 to 61,260 people. What was its percentage increase?
[RRB Group D 2025 cycle (25 August 2026, Shift 2) — 2026]
(A) 2.3%
(B) 2.1%
(C) 2.0%
(D) 2.2%
Answer: (B) 2.1%
Explanation: The numerical increase is 1,260 people. As a proportion of the original population, 1,260 divided by 60,000 equals 0.021. Converting the fraction to a percentage yields 2.1 percent.
