110. Siraj ud-Daulah opposed the East India Company at which battle?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate, 19 August 2025]
(A) Battle of Plassey
(B) Battle of Buxar
(C) Battle of Wandiwash
(D) Third Battle of Panipat
Answer: (A) Battle of Plassey
Explanation: Siraj ud-Daulah, nawab of Bengal, confronted the Company under Robert Clive at Plassey in June 1757. Defections among sections of his command were instrumental in his defeat and the installation of Mir Jafar. This episode helped shape the transfer of influence from Bengal’s court to Company officials and allied merchants.
109. In which year was Shivaji formally crowned Chhatrapati?
[SSC Stenographer, 7 August 2025]
(A) 1665
(B) 1674
(C) 1680
(D) 1713
Answer: (B) 1674
Explanation: Shivaji’s coronation took place at Raigad on 6 June 1674. It asserted his independent royal position after decades of military and political consolidation in the western Deccan. Administrative organisation and effective use of regional geography were central to the Maratha state’s durability.
108. Which victory in 1757 is associated with the beginning of Company rule in Bengal?
[RPF Constable, 18 March 2025]
(A) Battle of Buxar
(B) Battle of Plassey
(C) Battle of Sobraon
(D) Battle of Kirkee
Answer: (B) Battle of Plassey
Explanation: The Company’s victory at Plassey displaced Siraj ud-Daulah and gave British merchants extensive political leverage. Revenue powers were formalised later, after the Battle of Buxar and the Allahabad settlement of 1765. This episode helped shape the transfer of influence from Bengal’s court to Company officials and allied merchants.
107. Which Mysore ruler was called the Tiger of Mysore?
[CSIR Junior Secretariat Assistant, 18 May 2025]
(A) Tipu Sultan
(B) Haidar Ali
(C) Krishnaraja Wodeyar
(D) Chikka Devaraja
Answer: (A) Tipu Sultan
Explanation: Tipu Sultan succeeded Haidar Ali in 1782 and fought against expanding British influence. He died defending his capital Seringapatam in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799. The military conflict was part of a prolonged contest over sovereignty and Company influence in southern India.
106. Which agreement ended the Second Anglo-Mysore War?
[CSIR Junior Secretariat Assistant, 18 May 2025]
(A) Treaty of Madras
(B) Treaty of Mangalore
(C) Treaty of Seringapatam
(D) Treaty of Salbai
Answer: (B) Treaty of Mangalore
Explanation: The Treaty of Mangalore was concluded in March 1784 between the Company and Tipu Sultan. It generally restored captured territories and prisoners, ending fighting that had begun during Haidar Ali’s reign. The military conflict was part of a prolonged contest over sovereignty and Company influence in southern India.
105. By which treaty was the First Anglo-Mysore War concluded?
[BPSC Assistant Section Officer Preliminary, 10 September 2025]
(A) Treaty of Allahabad
(B) Treaty of Salbai
(C) Treaty of Madras
(D) Treaty of Lahore
Answer: (C) Treaty of Madras
Explanation: The First Anglo-Mysore War ended with the Treaty of Madras in April 1769. Haidar Ali’s military pressure near Madras compelled a settlement including reciprocal restitution and commitments of assistance. The military conflict was part of a prolonged contest over sovereignty and Company influence in southern India.
104. Who led Mysore during the First Anglo-Mysore War?
[DSSSB Assistant Section Officer, 19 August 2025]
(A) Haidar Ali
(B) Tipu Sultan
(C) Maharaja Ranjit Singh
(D) Nana Phadnavis
Answer: (A) Haidar Ali
Explanation: Haidar Ali led the Mysore kingdom during the 1767–1769 conflict with Company forces and their shifting allies. His son Tipu later became ruler in 1782 during the Second Anglo-Mysore War. The military conflict was part of a prolonged contest over sovereignty and Company influence in southern India.
103. Consider these statements on Ryotwari revenue administration: (1) associated with Thomas Munro; (2) settlement directly with cultivators; (3) first trials in areas formerly controlled by Tipu. Which are correct?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate, 22 August 2025]
(A) Only 1 and 2
(B) Only 2 and 3
(C) 1, 2 and 3
(D) Only 1 and 3
Answer: (C) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation: Ryotwari settlement assessed individual cultivators rather than zamindars. Alexander Read and Thomas Munro developed early experiments in territories acquired from Mysore; the system later spread through the Madras Presidency. This division of financial and governing duties became a major controversy in early colonial administration.
102. Which rebellion was followed by the end of East India Company government in India?
[RPF Constable, 17 March 2025]
(A) Revolt of 1857
(B) Indigo Revolt
(C) Santhal Rebellion
(D) Moplah Rebellion
Answer: (A) Revolt of 1857
Explanation: The uprising of 1857 exposed serious weaknesses in Company governance. Britain then enacted the Government of India Act, 1858, transferring authority to the Crown and restructuring the machinery of imperial administration. The legislation illustrates expanding parliamentary involvement in the structures and powers of colonial government.
101. Which of these three historical figures were successive nawabs of Bengal in the mid-eighteenth century?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate, 9 September 2025]
(A) Siraj ud-Daulah, Mir Jafar and Mir Qasim
(B) Shivaji, Sambhaji and Rajaram
(C) Haidar Ali, Tipu and Wodeyar
(D) Ranjit Singh, Duleep Singh and Sher Singh
Answer: (A) Siraj ud-Daulah, Mir Jafar and Mir Qasim
Explanation: Siraj ud-Daulah was defeated at Plassey in 1757. The Company placed Mir Jafar on the throne and later replaced him with Mir Qasim, whose conflict with British commercial privileges culminated in Buxar. This episode helped shape the transfer of influence from Bengal’s court to Company officials and allied merchants.
