Q150. On 11 January 2026, DRDO successfully tested which third-generation fire-and-forget missile capable of top attack against moving targets?
[DSSSB MTS, 26 July 2026, Shift 2]
(A) Man Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile
(B) HELINA
(C) SANT
(D) Nag missile
Answer: (A) Man Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile
Explanation: The MPATGM is an indigenous portable anti-tank guided missile intended for infantry use. Its imaging infrared seeker guides the weapon after launch, while its top-attack capability aims at the relatively vulnerable upper armour of tanks.
Q149. Which missile did DRDO and the Indian Navy test on 27 February 2025 from Chandipur?
[DSSSB PRT, 19 February 2026, Shift 1]
(A) NASM-SR naval anti-ship missile
(B) BrahMos-II
(C) Pralay
(D) Agni-P
Answer: (A) NASM-SR naval anti-ship missile
Explanation: NASM-SR stands for Naval Anti-Ship Missile–Short Range. The indigenous weapon is intended for maritime attack missions. Trials examined its guidance and flight-control systems, including imaging-infrared target acquisition against naval targets. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q148. Which organisation collaborated with DRDO in the September 2025 Agni-Prime missile launch?
[RRB Group D, 21 August 2026, Shift 2]
(A) Indian Army Artillery Corps
(B) ISRO
(C) Defence Acquisition Council
(D) Strategic Forces Command
Answer: (D) Strategic Forces Command
Explanation: The Strategic Forces Command is responsible for operational aspects of India’s strategic missile forces. DRDO develops and validates the technology, while joint flight tests help assess operational reliability and readiness of the Agni-Prime weapon system.
Q147. Which institution completed a long-duration ground test of an actively cooled full-scale scramjet combustor in May 2026?
[RRB Group D, 19 August 2026, Shift 3]
(A) Defence Research and Development Organisation
(B) Bharat Electronics Limited
(C) Indian Space Research Organisation
(D) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Answer: (A) Defence Research and Development Organisation
Explanation: DRDO conducts propulsion research for indigenous high-speed defence systems. A scramjet burns fuel while incoming air remains supersonic through the combustion chamber. Active cooling helps withstand the enormous thermal loads associated with hypersonic flight.
Q146. Which DRDO missile system completed user-evaluation trials in December 2025?
[RRB Group D, 11 August 2026, Shift 3]
(A) BrahMos
(B) VL-SRSAM
(C) Pinaka-LRGR-120
(D) Akash-NG
Answer: (D) Akash-NG
Explanation: Akash-NG is the New Generation Akash surface-to-air missile system. User trials test whether the missile, radar and command components perform reliably together, an important step before a weapon system can be accepted for operational service.
Q145. Which organisation tested an indigenous high-speed fighter-aircraft escape system in December 2025?
[RRB Group D, 13 August 2026, Shift 3]
(A) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
(B) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
(C) ISRO
(D) DRDO
Answer: (D) DRDO
Explanation: DRDO develops aircraft-survivability technologies alongside weapon systems. High-speed escape tests assess whether ejection or escape components function safely under simulated flight conditions, helping protect aircrew during emergencies. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q144. Which indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile development initiative is known as Project Kusha?
[RRB Group D, 12 August 2026, Shift 1]
(A) Defence-X
(B) Raksha Shakti Project
(C) Project Suraksha
(D) Project Kusha
Answer: (D) Project Kusha
Explanation: Project Kusha concerns the development of indigenous long-range air-defence interceptors. Such systems combine detection, tracking and guided missiles to engage threats at different distances, strengthening layered protection of critical installations and airspace.
Q143. Dr Tessy Thomas, known for her work on the Agni missile programme, is called what?
[Delhi Police Constable, 5 January 2026, Shift 2]
(A) Missile Woman of India
(B) Rocket Lady
(C) Lady of the Light
(D) Iron Lady of DRDO
Answer: (A) Missile Woman of India
Explanation: Tessy Thomas earned the title Missile Woman of India for her leadership in Indian missile research. She worked on the Agni series and became a prominent woman project leader in the country’s strategic defence-development programme.
Q142. Which strategic missile was tested by India in 2026 to reinforce its deterrence posture?
[DSSSB MTS, 28 April 2026, Shift 2]
(A) Akash
(B) Agni-III
(C) BrahMos
(D) Prithvi-II
Answer: (B) Agni-III
Explanation: Agni-III is a two-stage, solid-fuel, intermediate-range ballistic missile developed for strategic deterrence. Its range and payload place it in a different role from the tactical surface-to-air Akash or the cruise-missile BrahMos. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q141. What was the advanced stealth-aircraft project showcased by DRDO at Aero India 2025?
[RRB Group D, 6 February 2026, Shift 2]
(A) Advanced Light Weight Torpedo
(B) LCA Tejas Mk2
(C) TEDBF
(D) Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft
Answer: (D) Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft
Explanation: The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft, or AMCA, is India’s planned stealth multirole fighter project. Its intended features include reduced radar signature, modern sensors and advanced avionics, distinct from the currently operational Tejas aircraft.
Q140. According to the paper, India used BrahMos missiles against which country in May 2025?
[RRB Group D, 5 February 2026, Shift 3]
(A) Afghanistan
(B) Iran
(C) Iraq
(D) Pakistan
Answer: (D) Pakistan
Explanation: The question refers to the India–Pakistan military confrontation of May 2025. BrahMos is a precision supersonic cruise missile developed through an Indo-Russian joint venture. Operational claims should be distinguished from publicly verified weapon-impact assessments.
Q139. Who was appointed Chief of BrahMos Aerospace in November 2024?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, 18 November 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi
(B) Rakesh Sharma
(C) Jitender Pal Singh
(D) M. Mohan
Answer: (A) Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi
Explanation: Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi was named to lead BrahMos Aerospace. The organisation is an Indo-Russian joint venture responsible for the BrahMos supersonic cruise-missile programme and related production and development activities. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q138. What type of aircraft is HAL-developed Prachand?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, 30 November 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Fighter jet
(B) Drone
(C) Civil passenger aeroplane
(D) Light combat helicopter
Answer: (D) Light combat helicopter
Explanation: Prachand is India’s Light Combat Helicopter developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. It was designed for armed operations at high altitude, incorporating survivability features and the ability to carry weapons for battlefield support.
Q137. Which statements about India’s military arsenal are correct?
1. HAMMER is a Rafale weapon.
2. SCALP is also called Storm Shadow.
3. BrahMos is an India–Russia venture.
[CDS II General Knowledge, 14 September 2025]
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1, 2 and 3
(D) 3 only
Answer: (C) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation: All three statements are correct. HAMMER is a precision-guided air-to-ground weapon integrated with Rafale. SCALP and Storm Shadow refer to related versions of the same cruise missile, while BrahMos is jointly developed by Indian and Russian organisations.
Q136. What capability is attributed to DRDO’s IDD&IS Mk2A directed-energy weapon?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, 3 November 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Jam satellite signals
(B) Ignite enemy fuel tanks
(C) Destroy submarines underwater
(D) Knock down drones, missiles and small projectiles
Answer: (D) Knock down drones, missiles and small projectiles
Explanation: Directed-energy weapons concentrate electromagnetic energy on a target rather than firing conventional ammunition. This DRDO system was described as intended to counter small aerial threats, notably drones and other airborne objects, by applying high-energy laser effects.
Q135. Which set of countries possesses hypersonic weapons of the type India is developing?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, 23 October 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Brazil, South Africa and Germany
(B) United States, China and Russia
(C) Australia, Nepal and Bhutan
(D) United Kingdom, Japan and Italy
Answer: (B) United States, China and Russia
Explanation: The United States, China and Russia have major hypersonic-weapons programmes. Hypersonic flight generally means speed above Mach 5, presenting significant thermal, guidance and interception challenges for missile designers and air-defence systems.
Q134. In May 2025, India approved the execution model for which indigenous fifth-generation fighter programme?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT I, 19 August 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft
(B) Medium Combat Aircraft
(C) Twin Engine Deck Based Fighter
(D) Tejas Mk2
Answer: (A) Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft
Explanation: The approval concerned the AMCA programme. The project aims to produce an advanced stealth multirole combat aircraft, bringing together aircraft design, low-observable technology, propulsion integration and mission electronics developed within India.
Q133. Which minister announced plans for the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft at the May 2025 CII summit?
[RRB Group D, 2 December 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Amit Shah
(B) Rajnath Singh
(C) Nirmala Sitharaman
(D) S. Jaishankar
Answer: (B) Rajnath Singh
Explanation: Rajnath Singh was India’s Defence Minister when the AMCA development approach was discussed. The programme seeks domestic industrial participation in the development of a future stealth fighter for the Indian Air Force.
Q132. How many AMCA prototypes were proposed before series production?
[RRB Group D, 1 December 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Six
(B) Three
(C) Five
(D) Four
Answer: (C) Five
Explanation: Five prototypes were planned for the AMCA development stage. Multiple prototype aircraft allow engineers to test handling, flight controls, sensors and other subsystems before production aircraft are manufactured and operationally evaluated.
Q131. The Astra missile is classified as which type?
[Agniveer Navy MR, 24 May 2025, Shift 1, memory-based]
(A) Surface-to-surface missile
(B) Surface-to-air missile
(C) Air-to-air missile
(D) Anti-ship missile
Answer: (C) Air-to-air missile
Explanation: Astra is an indigenous beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile. Its role is to engage airborne targets from a fighter aircraft using onboard guidance and a seeker; it is not a ground-launched air-defence weapon. Beyond-visual-range engagement combines aircraft sensors, launch guidance and terminal target tracking rather than relying solely on the pilot’s unaided eyesight.
Q130. Which DRDO man-portable air-defence system is intended to counter low-flying aerial threats?
[RPSC RAS Prelims, 2 February 2025]
(A) Akash-NG
(B) QRSAM
(C) VL-SRSAM
(D) VSHORADS
(E) Question not attempted
Answer: (D) VSHORADS
Explanation: VSHORADS stands for Very Short Range Air Defence System. It is designed as a man-portable missile system to engage low-altitude targets such as aircraft, helicopters and drones, complementing larger vehicle-based air-defence systems.
Q129. From which site was India’s first long-range hypersonic missile flight trial conducted?
[DSSSB ASO, 20 August 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Chandipur, Odisha
(B) Nagayalanka, Andhra Pradesh
(C) Junput, West Bengal
(D) Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha
Answer: (D) Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha
Explanation: The maiden trial was conducted from Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Island off Odisha in November 2024. The test was a milestone in indigenous high-speed missile technologies and associated guidance and thermal protection.
Q128. What was the stated power output of DRDO’s laser weapon system developed in early 2025?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT I, 10 June 2025, Shift 1]
(A) 30 kilowatts
(B) 10 kilowatts
(C) 20 kilowatts
(D) 40 kilowatts
Answer: (A) 30 kilowatts
Explanation: The archive identifies a 30-kilowatt high-energy laser. Directed-energy systems aim to damage or disable targets using concentrated energy, with potential advantages in engagement speed and cost per shot against certain aerial threats.
Q127. Which DRDO-developed air-defence management system was credited with a role in Operation Sindoor?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate CBT I, 7 August 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Akashteer
(B) Barak-8
(C) Akash
(D) QRSAM
Answer: (A) Akashteer
Explanation: Akashteer is an automated air-defence command-and-control system, not simply a missile. It links information from sensors and weapon units, supporting coordination and faster decisions when countering hostile aerial activity. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q126. DRDO conducted a combat firing of an indigenous multi-influence ground mine in collaboration with which service in May 2025?
[RRB Group D, 16 December 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Border Security Force
(B) Indian Air Force
(C) Indian Army
(D) Indian Navy
Answer: (D) Indian Navy
Explanation: The question identifies the Indian Navy as DRDO’s collaborator. A multi-influence naval mine uses target-related physical signatures to detect suitable conditions for activation, making sensor performance an important part of testing. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q125. Where was the BrahMos Aerospace Integration and Testing Facility inaugurated in May 2025?
[Punjab Police Constable, 4 June 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Hyderabad
(B) Lucknow
(C) Chennai
(D) Mumbai
Answer: (B) Lucknow
Explanation: The facility opened in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, to support missile integration and testing. It forms part of efforts to expand defence manufacturing infrastructure and strengthen the supply chain for the BrahMos programme.
Q124. On which date did DRDO and the Navy test the VLSRSAM from Chandipur in 2025?
[RRB Group D, 8 December 2025, Shift 3]
(A) 26 March 2025
(B) 2 January 2025
(C) 16 July 2025
(D) 20 May 2025
Answer: (A) 26 March 2025
Explanation: The relevant test took place on 26 March 2025. VLSRSAM is a vertically launched short-range surface-to-air missile developed for naval air defence, intended to intercept aerial threats near protected ships. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q123. Where did DRDO conduct the maiden IADWS flight trials on 23 August 2025?
[RRB Group D, 19 December 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Odisha
(B) Tamil Nadu
(C) Andhra Pradesh
(D) West Bengal
Answer: (A) Odisha
Explanation: The Integrated Air Defence Weapon System trials were conducted off the Odisha coast. Integrated air defence combines different interceptors, sensors and control systems to protect against varied airborne threats. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q122. Which pair of missile systems was tested within 24 hours in July 2025?
[RRB Group D, 21 December 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Agni-V and BrahMos
(B) Agni-II, Astra and Shaurya
(C) Prithvi-II and Agni-I
(D) iDEX Innovation
Answer: (C) Prithvi-II and Agni-I
Explanation: Prithvi-II and Agni-I are Indian ballistic missile systems associated with strategic strike capability. Sequential user trials help confirm functioning, crew preparedness and operational reliability under defined testing conditions. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q121. Which upgraded Akash system destroyed two high-speed aerial targets during a July 2025 Ladakh test?
[RRB Group D, 28 November 2025, Shift 1]
(A) BrahMos
(B) Akash Advanced
(C) Akash Prime
(D) Pinaka
Answer: (C) Akash Prime
Explanation: Akash Prime is an upgraded variant of the Indian Akash surface-to-air missile. Improvements are intended to strengthen target interception, including in challenging environments such as high-altitude regions. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q120. What does VLSRSAM stand for?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, 25 October 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Vehicle Launch Small Range Surface Air Missile
(B) Very Large Satellite Range System
(C) Vertically-Launched Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile
(D) Vertical Low Speed Rocket System
Answer: (C) Vertically-Launched Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile
Explanation: VLSRSAM is a naval air-defence missile launched vertically from a vessel. Vertical launch permits flexible engagement directions and helps warships defend against aircraft, missiles and other airborne threats approaching from different bearings.
Q119. In which city did DRDO establish an Advanced Quantum Technology Research Centre in May 2025?
[OSSSC CRE Prelims, 10 October 2025, Shift 2]
(A) New Delhi
(B) Mumbai
(C) Hyderabad
(D) Chandigarh
Answer: (A) New Delhi
Explanation: The Quantum Technology Research Centre was established in New Delhi. Defence quantum research can include secure communication, sensing and precise measurement, though individual technologies require extensive development before operational field use. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q118. For which indigenous naval missile did DRDO conduct flight trials in February 2025?
[DSSSB ASO, 21 August 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Pralay
(B) NASM-SR
(C) Varunastra
(D) BrahMos-NG
Answer: (B) NASM-SR
Explanation: NASM-SR is the Naval Anti-Ship Missile–Short Range. The programme aims to provide an indigenous precision weapon against maritime targets. Testing evaluates aerodynamic performance, guidance and the reliability of critical subsystems. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q117. Which missile system was named in reports of a prospective Indian export deal with the Philippines worth over $200 million?
[RRB NTPC Graduate CBT I, 17 June 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Akash surface-to-air missile
(B) Prithvi ballistic missile
(C) BrahMos supersonic missile
(D) Nag anti-tank missile
Answer: (A) Akash surface-to-air missile
Explanation: The question referred to prospective exports of the Akash air-defence missile system. Akash is an indigenous surface-to-air weapon designed to intercept aircraft and related aerial threats; discussions do not themselves confirm completion of a sale.
Q116. In which state was DRDO’s indigenous Stratospheric Airship Platform tested on 3 May 2025?
[RRB Group D, 1 December 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Gujarat
(D) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: (A) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: The platform underwent a test in Madhya Pradesh. A stratospheric airship is designed for sustained flight at high altitude and may support surveillance, communications or other payload missions after technology validation. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q115. Which Indian Army command conducted a BrahMos combat launch in December 2025?
[RRB Group D, 29 December 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Western Command
(B) Eastern Command
(C) Southern Command
(D) Northern Command
Answer: (C) Southern Command
Explanation: The archive credits the Southern Command with the combat launch. Such exercises evaluate operator readiness and the capability of an operational missile unit to execute prescribed launch procedures under test conditions. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q114. Consider statements:
1. BrahMos is an India–Russia DRDO–NPOM joint venture.
2. India is not an MTCR member.
Which is correct?
[AFCAT, 10 August 2024, Shift 2, memory-based]
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (A) 1 only
Explanation: BrahMos is jointly developed by India’s DRDO and Russia’s NPOM. India joined the Missile Technology Control Regime in 2016. Thus the first statement is accurate, while the second is incorrect. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q113. Which indigenous aircraft carrier undertook its maiden sea trials in August 2021?
[SSC CHSL Tier I, 9 July 2024, Shift 2]
(A) INS Vayudooth
(B) INS Kranti
(C) INS Swades
(D) INS Vikrant
Answer: (D) INS Vikrant
Explanation: INS Vikrant, built at Cochin Shipyard, undertook sea trials in 2021 and was commissioned in September 2022. It is India’s first indigenously built aircraft carrier, a major milestone in naval shipbuilding. Aircraft-carrier design involves aviation facilities, power generation, sensors and complex safety procedures for launching and recovering aircraft.
Q112. Which is India’s first indigenously developed long-range cruise missile?
[MPTET Varg 3, 16 November 2024, Shift 1]
(A) Nirbhay
(B) Shaurya
(C) Akash
(D) Sagarika
Answer: (A) Nirbhay
Explanation: Nirbhay is an Indian long-range subsonic land-attack cruise-missile programme. A cruise missile uses sustained powered flight through much of its journey, unlike a ballistic missile that follows a largely ballistic trajectory. Cruise-missile navigation and propulsion must sustain controlled flight over long distances, often at comparatively low altitude.
Q111. Which organisations were cleared to produce 200 Astra missiles in August 2024?
[RPF SI CBT I, 13 December 2024, Shift 2]
(A) DRDO and HAL
(B) DRDO and ISRO
(C) BDL and HAL
(D) DRDO and BDL
Answer: (D) DRDO and BDL
Explanation: The reported clearance named DRDO and Bharat Dynamics Limited. DRDO is responsible for indigenous missile development; BDL manufactures weapon systems. Astra is an air-to-air missile for beyond-visual-range engagements. Beyond-visual-range engagement combines aircraft sensors, launch guidance and terminal target tracking rather than relying solely on the pilot’s unaided eyesight.
Q110. What type of missile is the Akash system tested by DRDO off Odisha?
[UIIC Assistant, 6 February 2024, memory-based]
(A) Surface-to-surface
(B) Air-to-air
(C) Anti-tank
(D) Surface-to-air
(E) Air-to-surface
Answer: (D) Surface-to-air
Explanation: Akash is a surface-to-air missile system. It launches from the ground to engage airborne threats using a radar-and-command network. This distinguishes it from ballistic ground-attack or air-to-air missiles. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q109. Who is referred to as the Missile Man of India?
[OSSC Vital Statistics Assistant, 11 March 2024, Shift 2]
(A) Vikram Sarabhai
(B) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
(C) Homi Bhabha
(D) Sam Manekshaw
Answer: (B) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Explanation: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam coordinated the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme, which included major Indian missile projects. His contributions to aerospace and defence research led to the familiar title Missile Man of India.
Q108. An Astra missile was tested from LCA Tejas on 23 August 2023. What type of missile is Astra?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2023]
(A) Beyond-visual-range surface-to-air
(B) Beyond-visual-range air-to-air
(C) Within-visual-range air-to-air
(D) Within-visual-range surface-to-air
Answer: (B) Beyond-visual-range air-to-air
Explanation: Astra is an indigenous beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile designed to attack hostile aircraft beyond direct pilot sight. The Tejas launch demonstrated an important stage in integrating Indian missiles with an indigenous fighter aircraft.
Q107. Which Scorpene-class submarine was commissioned into the Indian Navy in January 2023?
[UPPSC PCS Prelims, 14 May 2023]
(A) INS Karanj
(B) INS Vela
(C) INS Vagir
(D) INS Kalvari
Answer: (C) INS Vagir
Explanation: INS Vagir entered service in January 2023. It is part of the Kalvari-class submarine programme under Project 75, constructed at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders with technology cooperation from France. Submarine construction demands underwater acoustic performance, pressure-hull integrity and reliable propulsion and combat systems.
Q106. HELINA is a:
[Odisha Police SI, Paper II, 26 November 2023]
(A) Fighter aircraft
(B) Air-defence system
(C) Scorpene submarine
(D) Anti-tank missile
Answer: (D) Anti-tank missile
Explanation: HELINA stands for Helicopter-Launched Nag. It is an indigenous anti-tank guided missile intended for helicopter platforms. Its seeker can guide it against armoured targets using engagement modes suited to battlefield conditions. Helicopter launch lets the operator use an airborne vantage point to locate and engage armoured targets.
Q105. What type of radar is India’s SWATHI mobile artillery-locating system?
[UPSSSC VDO re-exam, 26 June 2023, Shift 1]
(A) Surface-search radar
(B) Weapon-locating radar
(C) Coastal surveillance radar
(D) Harbour surveillance radar
Answer: (B) Weapon-locating radar
Explanation: SWATHI is an indigenous weapon-locating radar used to identify firing positions of hostile artillery, mortars and rockets. By tracking projectiles, it supports counter-battery fire and improved battlefield awareness. Counter-battery radars trace an incoming projectile’s trajectory backward to estimate the enemy firing location.
Q104. Which of the following is an Indian surface-to-surface missile?
[SSC CHSL Tier I 2022, held 20 March 2023, Shift 3]
(A) Javelin
(B) AIM-120 AMRAAM
(C) Spike
(D) Agni-V
Answer: (D) Agni-V
Explanation: Agni-V is an Indian long-range, surface-to-surface ballistic missile. The other listed weapons are foreign anti-tank or air-to-air missiles, so they do not fit the requested Indian strategic-missile classification. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q103. Which indigenous aircraft carrier was delivered to the Indian Navy on 28 July 2022?
[SSC CHSL Tier I 2022, held 9 March 2023, Shift 3]
(A) INS Arihant
(B) INS Vikrant
(C) INS Shivaji
(D) INS Vikramaditya
Answer: (B) INS Vikrant
Explanation: INS Vikrant was delivered by Cochin Shipyard in July 2022 and commissioned that September. The carrier was built in India and provides a platform for operating shipborne combat aircraft. Aircraft-carrier design involves aviation facilities, power generation, sensors and complex safety procedures for launching and recovering aircraft.
Q102. Which was the first missile developed under DRDO’s Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme?
[DRDO STA-B Tier I, 12 November 2022, Shift 1, memory-based]
(A) Agni
(B) Prithvi
(C) Prahaar
(D) Nag
Answer: (B) Prithvi
Explanation: Prithvi was an early successful missile of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. It is a short-range ballistic surface-to-surface weapon, and the programme aimed to establish indigenous capability in several missile categories.
Q101. Pinaka, developed by DRDO, is a:
[DRDO STA-B Tier I, 12 November 2022, Shift 1, memory-based]
(A) Battle tank
(B) Multi-barrel rocket launcher
(C) Anti-tank guided missile
(D) Armoured utility vehicle
Answer: (B) Multi-barrel rocket launcher
Explanation: Pinaka is a truck-mounted multi-barrel rocket-launch system developed in India. It can launch a salvo of artillery rockets to engage area targets and support land-force operations, unlike guided anti-tank missiles. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q100. Which country became the first export customer for India’s BrahMos missile?
[NDA I, General Ability, 10 April 2022]
(A) Bhutan
(B) Philippines
(C) Maldives
(D) Nepal
Answer: (B) Philippines
Explanation: The Philippines signed a contract for BrahMos coastal-defence missiles in January 2022. The order became a major defence-export milestone for the Indo-Russian supersonic cruise-missile programme. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q99. What is the name of the Akash missile variant tested in September 2021 with an active RF seeker?
[DSSSB Junior Secretariat Assistant, 5 April 2022, Shift 2]
(A) Akash Prime
(B) Akash Pramukh
(C) Akash Miniline
(D) Akash Superway
Answer: (A) Akash Prime
Explanation: Akash Prime is an upgraded version of the Akash air-defence missile. Its active radio-frequency seeker enhances target engagement capability, supplementing the radar, launcher and control elements of the wider weapon system. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q98. What is the name of India’s indigenously built light combat helicopter?
[OSSC BSSO, 4 November 2022, Shift 2]
(A) Nag
(B) Trishul
(C) Prachand
(D) Agni
Answer: (C) Prachand
Explanation: Prachand is the indigenous Light Combat Helicopter developed by HAL. Designed to support combat in demanding terrain, it can operate at high altitude and carry weapons suited to armed helicopter missions. Specialised combat helicopters must combine manoeuvrability, payload, sensors and protection while operating close to ground threats.
Q97. Where is the headquarters of the Defence Research and Development Organisation?
[OSSC BSSO, 5 November 2022, Shift 3]
(A) New Delhi
(B) Bengaluru
(C) Pune
(D) Chennai
Answer: (A) New Delhi
Explanation: DRDO is headquartered in New Delhi under the Ministry of Defence. Established in 1958, it coordinates research across missiles, electronics, materials, aerospace and other technologies relevant to national defence.
Q96. From which country did India procure the S-400 air-defence missile system?
[OPSC ASO General Knowledge, 27 August 2022]
(A) France
(B) Russia
(C) United States
(D) Israel
Answer: (B) Russia
Explanation: India contracted for Russia’s S-400 Triumf system. It combines radars, command facilities and interceptors to engage different classes of aerial targets at substantial distances as part of layered air defence.
Q95. Which organisation contracted to supply Konkurs-M anti-tank guided missiles to the Indian Army?
[Gujarat Police SI, 6 March 2022]
(A) Tata Defence Systems
(B) DRDO
(C) Bharat Dynamics Limited
(D) ISRO
Answer: (C) Bharat Dynamics Limited
Explanation: Bharat Dynamics Limited is a defence public-sector undertaking specialising in missile and ammunition production. Konkurs-M is an anti-tank guided missile intended to attack armoured vehicles from ground platforms.
Q94. Pinaka, developed in India, is a:
[CDS II General Knowledge, 14 November 2021]
(A) Battle tank
(B) Multi-barrel rocket launcher
(C) Anti-tank guided missile
(D) Armoured utility vehicle
Answer: (B) Multi-barrel rocket launcher
Explanation: Pinaka is India’s indigenous multi-barrel artillery rocket system. Its launcher can fire several rockets rapidly, making it useful for delivering concentrated fire on battlefield areas rather than engaging one tank with a guided missile.
Q93. Which is India’s surface-to-surface ballistic missile with intercontinental-range capability?
[RRB NTPC CBT I, 19 January 2021, Shift 1]
(A) Agni-IV
(B) Shaurya
(C) Agni-V
(D) BrahMos
Answer: (C) Agni-V
Explanation: Agni-V is the longest-range operational member of India’s Agni family covered in this question. It is a strategic ballistic missile using solid propulsion; BrahMos is a different type of weapon, a cruise missile.
Q92. Which description fits the Prithvi-II missile tested in October 2018?
[RRB NTPC CBT I, 11 February 2021, Shift 1]
(A) Anti-tank guided missile
(B) Nuclear-capable long-range ballistic missile
(C) Ballistic missile
(D) Beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile
Answer: (C) Ballistic missile
Explanation: Prithvi-II is a short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile developed by DRDO. Its trajectory and purpose differ from guided anti-tank weapons and air-to-air missiles; it belongs to the Prithvi strategic-missile family. This missile belongs to India’s early indigenous ballistic-weapons development, which helped establish the country’s strategic engineering base.
Q91. What was the nominal range of the Akash supersonic surface-to-air missile in the question?
[RRB NTPC CBT I, 16 February 2021, Shift 1]
(A) Around 20 km
(B) Around 25 km
(C) Around 35 km
(D) Around 30 km
Answer: (B) Around 25 km
Explanation: The original Akash surface-to-air system had an approximately 25-kilometre engagement range. Later variants may have different performance, so the answer refers to the version and specifications used in the examination. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q90. What new component was fitted to the Akash 1S missile variant?
[RRB NTPC CBT I, 7 March 2021, Shift 1]
(A) Indigenous command-guidance programme
(B) Indigenous propeller
(C) Indigenous actuator
(D) Indigenous seeker
Answer: (D) Indigenous seeker
Explanation: Akash 1S incorporated an indigenous seeker to enhance terminal target acquisition. Seeker technology helps a guided missile obtain information about a target, improving engagement accuracy and operational flexibility. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q89. In which year was the Defence Research and Development Organisation established?
[RRB NTPC CBT I, 9 February 2021, Shift 1]
(A) 1947
(B) 1950
(C) 1991
(D) 1958
Answer: (D) 1958
Explanation: DRDO was formed in 1958 by combining existing Indian defence science and technical-development organisations. Its mandate spans indigenous military research, technology development, testing and support for armed forces.
Q88. Which company received a February 2021 contract for 83 LCA Tejas fighters?
[SSC CGL Tier I 2020, held 16 August 2021, Shift 2]
(A) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
(B) Bharat Dynamics Limited
(C) DRDO
(D) Bharat Electronics Limited
Answer: (A) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Explanation: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited received the contract for Tejas Mk1A aircraft. HAL manufactures combat aircraft in India, while development involves the Aeronautical Development Agency and several aerospace and defence partners. A fighter-aircraft programme requires flight-control engineering, avionics integration and years of flight-testing before operational induction.
Q87. What is the Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile (QRSAM) system?
[SSC CGL Tier I 2020, held 23 August 2021, Shift 3]
(A) Short-range surface-to-air missile system
(B) Anti-tank weapon system
(C) Indigenously designed torpedoes
(D) Intercontinental ballistic missile
Answer: (A) Short-range surface-to-air missile system
Explanation: QRSAM is a mobile quick-reaction air-defence missile system. It is designed to detect and intercept aerial threats with short response times, useful for protecting moving or deployed land formations. Fast reaction is valuable when protecting moving army units from sudden low-altitude aerial threats.
Q86. What is the approximate combat radius of a Sukhoi-30MKI aircraft without mid-air refuelling, as referenced in the question?
[SSC GD, 22 November 2021, Shift 2]
(A) 1000 km
(B) 3000 km
(C) 2000 km
(D) 1500 km
Answer: (D) 1500 km
Explanation: The cited combat radius is about 1,500 kilometres. Combat radius means the approximate outward mission distance allowing for return and operational requirements; it is different from maximum ferry range. The Su-30MKI is a multirole aircraft capable of using different weapons for aerial combat and ground attack.
Q85. Which fifth Scorpene-class submarine was launched from Mazagon Dock in November 2020?
[SSC GD, 6 December 2021, Shift 2]
(A) Vagir
(B) Khanderi
(C) Vagsheer
(D) Vela
Answer: (A) Vagir
Explanation: Vagir is the fifth submarine of India’s Project 75 Kalvari class. It was launched in November 2020 and later commissioned in 2023, adding capability to India’s diesel-electric submarine fleet. Submarine construction demands underwater acoustic performance, pressure-hull integrity and reliable propulsion and combat systems.
Q84. What type of missile is Akash-NG?
[OSSSC Livestock Inspector, 26 September 2021]
(A) Surface-to-air
(B) Air-to-air
(C) Surface-to-surface
(D) Intercontinental ballistic
Answer: (A) Surface-to-air
Explanation: Akash-NG is a newer-generation surface-to-air missile designed for air defence. The system engages airborne targets from a ground launcher and is intended to operate with supporting radar and command-and-control components. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q83. India was planning to supply BrahMos missiles to which country?
[ECGC PO, 14 March 2021, memory-based]
(A) Bangladesh
(B) Bhutan
(C) Nepal
(D) Philippines
(E) Sri Lanka
Answer: (D) Philippines
Explanation: The Philippines was identified as a prospective buyer and later became the first export customer. BrahMos is an Indo-Russian supersonic cruise missile used for precision strikes on land or maritime targets. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q82. In which Union Territory is the INS Khukri Memorial located?
[WBCS Mains 2021, General Studies Paper IV (held May 2022)]
(A) Punjab
(B) Puducherry
(C) Goa
(D) Diu
Answer: (D) Diu
Explanation: The INS Khukri Memorial is in Diu. It honours the crew of the Indian Navy frigate sunk in the 1971 war. The memorial commemorates that earlier ship, not the later Indian-built Khukri-class missile corvette, which carried the same name.
Q81. Which of the following is an air-to-air missile?
[ACC CGAT 123, August 2020]
(A) Astra
(B) Akash
(C) Becquerel
(D) Prithvi
Answer: (A) Astra
Explanation: Astra is an Indian beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile developed by DRDO. Akash is ground-based air defence, Prithvi is surface-to-surface, and becquerel is a unit of radioactive activity. Beyond-visual-range engagement combines aircraft sensors, launch guidance and terminal target tracking rather than relying solely on the pilot’s unaided eyesight.
Q80. What is the name of India’s first indigenous anti-radiation missile?
[BPSC 66th Combined Competitive Examination, prelims 2020]
(A) Tandav
(B) Trinetra
(C) Saksham
(D) Rudram
(E) None of these / more than one
Answer: (D) Rudram
Explanation: Rudram is an anti-radiation missile designed to attack radar and other radio-frequency-emitting targets. Neutralising such equipment can reduce an adversary’s ability to detect and engage friendly aircraft.
Q79. At which airbase were Rafale fighter aircraft formally inducted into the Indian Air Force?
[BPSC 66th Combined Competitive Examination, prelims 2020]
(A) Hindon
(B) Sarsawa
(C) Ambala
(D) Amritsar
(E) None of these / more than one
Answer: (C) Ambala
Explanation: The Rafale fighter aircraft were formally inducted at Ambala Air Force Station. The French-made multirole aircraft adds modern sensors, weapons and electronic-warfare capabilities to Indian Air Force operations. Modern combat aircraft combine avionics, mission computers, sensors and precision weapons into an integrated operational platform.
Q78. Which description correctly characterises Agni?
[RRB JE CBT I, 28 May 2019, Shift 2]
(A) Versatile tank
(B) Long-range gun
(C) Fighter plane
(D) Long-range missile
Answer: (D) Long-range missile
Explanation: Agni is a family of Indian ballistic missiles developed for strategic surface-to-surface missions. It is not a tank or gun, and different variants have different ranges and technical capabilities. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q77. Dhanush is the naval version of which missile?
[RRB JE CBT I, 29 May 2019, Shift 3]
(A) Akash
(B) Agni
(C) Nag
(D) Prithvi
Answer: (D) Prithvi
Explanation: Dhanush is a ship-launched ballistic missile derived from the Prithvi family. It provides a naval launch option for striking surface targets, unlike the air-defence Akash or anti-tank Nag. This missile belongs to India’s early indigenous ballistic-weapons development, which helped establish the country’s strategic engineering base.
Q76. Which DRDO missile is described as a canister-launched hypersonic surface-to-surface tactical weapon?
[RRB JE CBT II, Civil Engineering, 29 August 2019, Shift 2]
(A) Astra
(B) Akash
(C) Shaurya
(D) Trishul
Answer: (C) Shaurya
Explanation: Shaurya is a road-mobile, canister-launched surface-to-surface missile. The canister improves storage and handling, while its high-speed flight profile differentiates it from surface-to-air defence and air-to-air weapons. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q75. Which was India’s first indigenously constructed nuclear-powered ballistic-missile submarine?
[RRB JE, 25 May 2019, Shift 2]
(A) INS Sindhughosh
(B) INS Arihant
(C) INS Kalvari
(D) INS Shalki
Answer: (B) INS Arihant
Explanation: INS Arihant is the lead vessel of India’s indigenous nuclear-powered ballistic-missile submarine class. Its ability to carry submarine-launched ballistic missiles contributes to sea-based strategic deterrence. A ballistic-missile submarine is designed to provide survivable sea-based deterrence through concealed underwater patrols.
Q74. With which country did India collaborate to develop BrahMos?
[UPSSSC Lower PCS Prelims, 2019]
(A) France
(B) China
(C) Japan
(D) Russia
Answer: (D) Russia
Explanation: BrahMos Aerospace is the result of cooperation between India and Russia. The name combines the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers and the missile is a supersonic cruise weapon. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q73. The BrahMos missile has a top speed in approximately which Mach range?
[UPSSSC Mandi Inspector, 30 May 2019, Shift 1]
(A) 0.8–1
(B) 1.8–2
(C) 2.8–3
(D) 3–4.8
Answer: (C) 2.8–3
Explanation: BrahMos travels at around Mach 2.8 to Mach 3 in the commonly described operational configuration. Supersonic speed shortens the available reaction time for targeted air- or surface-defence systems. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q72. Which anti-tank missile was tested by DRDO on 28 February 2018?
[Haryana Civil Services Prelims, 31 March 2019]
(A) Trishul
(B) Akash
(C) Nag
(D) Shaurya
Answer: (C) Nag
Explanation: Nag is an indigenous third-generation anti-tank guided missile. The missile is designed to defeat armoured vehicles, whereas Trishul and Akash are air-defence weapons and Shaurya is surface-to-surface. Its technical work is coordinated with the armed forces and defence manufacturers so that laboratory advances can undergo field evaluation.
Q71. At which shipyard was India’s indigenous aircraft carrier IAC-1 built?
[DSSSB Jail Warder, 27 June 2019, Shift 2]
(A) Mazagon Dock, Mumbai
(B) Goa Shipyard
(C) Jawaharlal Nehru Port, Mumbai
(D) Cochin Shipyard
Answer: (D) Cochin Shipyard
Explanation: The indigenous aircraft carrier, later commissioned as INS Vikrant, was constructed at Cochin Shipyard Limited in Kochi. It was designed within India’s naval ship-design framework.
Q70. Which of these was identified as an indigenously developed guided weapon system?
[Territorial Army, 28 July 2019, Paper II]
(A) Pinaka
(B) M777
(C) Agni-V
(D) BrahMos
Answer: (A) Pinaka
Explanation: The paper refers to Guided Pinaka, an improved Indian rocket-artillery system with guidance and control technology. M777 is an imported howitzer; BrahMos is a joint Indo-Russian programme. Rocket artillery typically provides rapid concentrated fire, whereas a precision anti-tank missile is intended for individual vehicles.
Q69. What is Prahaar?
[CDS General Knowledge, 3 February 2019]
(A) Battle tank
(B) Surface-to-surface missile
(C) Aircraft carrier
(D) Submarine
Answer: (B) Surface-to-surface missile
Explanation: Prahaar is an indigenous short-range tactical surface-to-surface ballistic missile. It is intended to provide rapid, accurate battlefield support and is different from naval platforms or armoured vehicles.
Q68. BrahMos supersonic cruise missile is a joint venture between which two countries?
[UPPSC Civil Services Prelims 2018]
(A) India and Russia
(B) India and China
(C) India and Israel
(D) None of the above
Answer: (A) India and Russia
Explanation: BrahMos is jointly developed by Indian and Russian organisations. The project combines Indian and Russian engineering expertise to produce a precision, supersonic cruise missile for multiple launch platforms. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q67. What is India’s first indigenously developed beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2018]
(A) Prithvi
(B) Agni
(C) Astra
(D) Akash
Answer: (C) Astra
Explanation: Astra is a beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile developed by DRDO. It can engage aircraft outside normal visual detection distances, unlike Akash, which is a ground-launched surface-to-air weapon. Beyond-visual-range engagement combines aircraft sensors, launch guidance and terminal target tracking rather than relying solely on the pilot’s unaided eyesight.
Q66. Which statement about the Dhanush missile is incorrect?
[RPSC Assistant Engineer GK & GS 2018]
(A) It is a naval Prithvi variant
(B) It can carry conventional or nuclear warheads
(C) It is a short-range ballistic missile
(D) It strikes at 600 km with a 1,000 kg warhead
Answer: (D) It strikes at 600 km with a 1,000 kg warhead
Explanation: Dhanush is a naval short-range ballistic missile derived from Prithvi, generally reported with a range around 350 kilometres. The statement claiming 600 kilometres with a one-tonne warhead is not correct. Care is necessary because the name Dhanush has been used for both Indian artillery and a separate naval missile.
Q65.
Q64. What is India’s first indigenous aircraft carrier called?
[CDS General Knowledge, 18 November 2018]
(A) Vikrant
(B) Viraat
(C) Vaibhav
(D) Varaha
Answer: (A) Vikrant
Explanation: The aircraft carrier is INS Vikrant, built at Cochin Shipyard Limited. It is distinct from the earlier carrier of the same name that served the Indian Navy after being acquired from Britain.
Q63. With which country did India jointly develop the BrahMos missile?
[Karnataka Police Constable, 2 September 2018]
(A) Japan
(B) Israel
(C) Russia
(D) United States
Answer: (C) Russia
Explanation: Russia is India’s partner in BrahMos Aerospace. The missile is named after the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers and is designed for high-speed precision attacks from land, sea and aircraft. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q62. Name the Indian-developed light combat aircraft.
[Chhattisgarh PSC Prelims 2018]
(A) BrahMos
(B) Astra
(C) Chetak
(D) Tejas
Answer: (D) Tejas
Explanation: Tejas is an indigenous supersonic multirole fighter developed for the Indian Air Force. Its development involved the Aeronautical Development Agency, HAL and multiple other domestic technical organisations. A fighter-aircraft programme requires flight-control engineering, avionics integration and years of flight-testing before operational induction.
Q61. In which year did India join the Missile Technology Control Regime?
[MP Police Constable, 28 August 2017, Shift 2]
(A) 2011
(B) 1998
(C) 2016
(D) 2007
Answer: (C) 2016
Explanation: India became a member of the Missile Technology Control Regime in June 2016. The arrangement encourages controls on the transfer of missile systems and technologies that could deliver weapons of mass destruction.
Q60. Which Indian missile is named after an Indian river and a Russian river?
[ITBP Head Constable, 26 November 2017]
(A) HELINA
(B) BrahMos
(C) Nag
(D) Amogha
Answer: (B) BrahMos
Explanation: BrahMos combines Brahmaputra, a major Indian river, with Moskva, the river flowing through Moscow. The name reflects the India–Russia partnership behind the supersonic cruise-missile project. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q59. Who is known as India’s Missile Man?
[MP Patwari, 12 December 2017, Shift 2]
(A) Subhas Chandra Bose
(B) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
(C) N. Raghavan
(D) Jayant Narlikar
Answer: (B) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Explanation: Dr Kalam became famous for his leadership in India’s indigenous guided-missile and aerospace programmes. He helped advance the Agni and Prithvi projects and later served as President of India. The integrated missile programme sought domestic expertise across several missile classes rather than a single weapons project.
Q58. In which year was the Agni-V nuclear-capable missile first flight-tested?
[MP Police Constable, 19 August 2017, Shift 1]
(A) 2016
(B) 2010
(C) 2012
(D) 2005
Answer: (C) 2012
Explanation: Agni-V underwent its first flight test in April 2012. It is a three-stage, solid-fuel ballistic missile developed for long-range strategic deterrence and differs from shorter-range members of the Agni family. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q57. What is India’s first long-range subsonic cruise missile called?
[TSPSC Stenographer, Typist & Junior Assistant, 2017]
(A) Abhay
(B) Nirbhay
(C) Jaguar
(D) Shaktiman
Answer: (B) Nirbhay
Explanation: Nirbhay is the indigenous long-range subsonic cruise-missile programme. A subsonic cruise missile can fly at relatively low altitude using powered flight and navigation systems to approach a designated target. Cruise-missile navigation and propulsion must sustain controlled flight over long distances, often at comparatively low altitude.
Q56. Which submarine class was being built in India with French cooperation and featured in a 2016 information leak?
[UP Police Sub Inspector, 13 December 2017, Shift 3]
(A) Chakra
(B) Arihant
(C) Sindhughosh
(D) Scorpene
Answer: (D) Scorpene
Explanation: The Scorpene, called Kalvari class in Indian service, was built under Project 75 at Mazagon Dock with French technology cooperation. It is a diesel-electric attack-submarine design. Submarine construction demands underwater acoustic performance, pressure-hull integrity and reliable propulsion and combat systems.
Q55. INS Kalvari is a:
[KVS TGT Work Experience, 8 January 2017]
(A) Aircraft carrier
(B) Cruise missile
(C) Ballistic missile
(D) Scorpene-class submarine
Answer: (D) Scorpene-class submarine
Explanation: INS Kalvari is the first submarine of the Indian Navy’s Project 75 Scorpene class. It was constructed at Mazagon Dock and commissioned in December 2017. Diesel-electric submarines rely on stealth, underwater endurance and onboard sensors during maritime patrols and combat operations.
Q54. Which statements about Nirbhay are correct?
1. It can carry a nuclear warhead about 1,000 km.
2. It is land-attack cruise missile.
3. It counters the Babur class.
4. It is supersonic.
[UPPSC GIC 2017]
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 1, 2 and 3 only
(C) 2, 3 and 4 only
(D) All four
Answer: (B) 1, 2 and 3 only
Explanation: Nirbhay is a long-range subsonic land-attack cruise missile. It was discussed as capable of carrying conventional or nuclear payloads; the fourth statement is false because Nirbhay is not a supersonic missile. Cruise-missile navigation and propulsion must sustain controlled flight over long distances, often at comparatively low altitude.
Q53. Barak-8 was developed by India in collaboration with which country?
[UPPSC Civil Services Prelims 2016]
(A) Russia
(B) United States
(C) Israel
(D) France
Answer: (C) Israel
Explanation: Barak-8 is an India–Israel cooperation project for air and missile defence. It is designed to intercept incoming aerial threats, particularly for naval or other protected-force applications. Shipborne interceptors form part of layered naval protection against aircraft and approaching anti-ship weapons.
Q52. Which statement about the Missile Technology Control Regime is incorrect?
[CDS General Knowledge, 23 October 2016]
(A) It began as a voluntary G-7 partnership
(B) It addresses missile and UAV delivery technology
(C) China applied but was not admitted
(D) Only members can voluntarily follow its guidelines
Answer: (D) Only members can voluntarily follow its guidelines
Explanation: The MTCR is a voluntary export-control arrangement; non-members can also adhere to its guidelines. Therefore claiming that no outside country follows those rules is inaccurate. This voluntary arrangement focuses on exports of missile and unmanned delivery-system technologies relevant to proliferation risks.
Q51. Which is NOT an air-defence missile system?
[CDS General Knowledge, 23 October 2016]
(A) Akash
(B) Trishul
(C) Tatra
(D) Astra
Answer: (C) Tatra
Explanation: Tatra is a vehicle manufacturer and is known for truck platforms used in defence logistics. Akash and Trishul are surface-to-air missile systems; Astra is an air-to-air missile rather than a vehicle.
Q50. What is the country of origin of the Rafale fighter jet procured by India?
[Rajasthan Police SI, 2016, Paper II]
(A) Russia
(B) United States
(C) France
(D) Germany
Answer: (C) France
Explanation: Rafale is a multirole combat aircraft manufactured by Dassault Aviation of France. India selected the French fighter to strengthen its airborne strike, air-defence and reconnaissance capabilities. Modern combat aircraft combine avionics, mission computers, sensors and precision weapons into an integrated operational platform.
Q49. Which Indian missile system can strike targets more than 5,000 kilometres away?
[BSNL JE, 26 September 2016, Shift 2]
(A) Arjun
(B) Akash
(C) Agni-V
(D) Nag
Answer: (C) Agni-V
Explanation: Agni-V is a long-range strategic ballistic missile developed by DRDO. Arjun is a tank, Akash is a surface-to-air missile, and Nag is a guided anti-tank missile. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q48. Within which range could the land-launched Nag anti-tank missile strike targets, according to the paper?
[Telangana PSC Prelims 2016]
(A) 1 km
(B) 2 km
(C) 3 km
(D) 4 km
Answer: (D) 4 km
Explanation: The land-based Nag anti-tank guided missile was described with a range up to about four kilometres. Nag uses guided targeting intended to defeat protected armoured vehicles. Anti-tank weapons are designed to overcome vehicle armour, so seeker accuracy and the attack angle are particularly important.
Q47. Which Indian Air Force aircraft is used for in-flight refuelling?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2016]
(A) Ilyushin Il-76
(B) C-130J Super Hercules
(C) C-17 Globemaster III
(D) Ilyushin Il-78
Answer: (D) Ilyushin Il-78
Explanation: The Il-78 is a tanker aircraft adapted for transferring fuel to other aircraft during flight. Air-to-air refuelling extends mission endurance and can increase the reach of combat aircraft. Aerial tankers support missions that would otherwise be limited by the combat aircraft’s fuel carried at take-off.
Q46. Which of these is a nuclear-powered submarine operated by the Indian Navy?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2016]
(A) INS Shalki
(B) INS Sindhuvir
(C) INS Shishumar
(D) INS Chakra
Answer: (D) INS Chakra
Explanation: INS Chakra referred to the nuclear-powered Akula-class attack submarine leased from Russia. It is different from diesel-electric submarines in the other listed classes and from India’s indigenous Arihant strategic submarine.
Q45. Which of the following vessels is a submarine of the Indian Navy?
[MPPSC Prelims 2016]
(A) INS Viraat
(B) INS Sindhurakshak
(C) INS Rajali
(D) INS Vikrant
Answer: (B) INS Sindhurakshak
Explanation: INS Sindhurakshak was a Kilo-class diesel-electric submarine serving with India’s Navy. Viraat and Vikrant are aircraft-carrier names, whereas INS Rajali is a naval air station.
Q44. What is the name of India’s first indigenous nuclear-powered submarine?
[MP Vyapam Sub Engineer Electrical, 6 April 2016]
(A) INS Vagsheer
(B) INS Arihant
(C) INS Chakra
(D) INS Kalvari
Answer: (B) INS Arihant
Explanation: INS Arihant was built through India’s Advanced Technology Vessel programme. It is a nuclear-powered ballistic-missile submarine, contributing to the sea-based element of India’s deterrence capabilities. A ballistic-missile submarine is designed to provide survivable sea-based deterrence through concealed underwater patrols.
Q43. Which aircraft is identified in the paper as the first indigenous fighter of the Indian Air Force?
[CGPSC Prelims 2016]
(A) Tejas
(B) Vinashak
(C) Ojas
(D) Agni
(E) None of these
Answer: (A) Tejas
Explanation: Tejas is India’s indigenous light combat aircraft produced by HAL. While the older HF-24 Marut was India’s first indigenous jet fighter, this exam question specifically selected Tejas in its options. A fighter-aircraft programme requires flight-control engineering, avionics integration and years of flight-testing before operational induction.
Q42. Akash, developed by DRDO, is which type of weapon?
[RRB NTPC Tier I, 29 March 2016, Shift 3]
(A) Surface-to-air missile
(B) Surface-to-surface missile
(C) Air-to-surface missile
(D) Not a missile
Answer: (A) Surface-to-air missile
Explanation: Akash is a radar-supported surface-to-air missile system designed for engaging hostile aircraft and other aerial threats. It is a defensive missile, unlike ground-strike ballistic weapons. Surface-to-air interception also depends on radar detection, tracking information and coordination between the missile and its ground control system.
Q41. Which was India’s first indigenous aircraft designed and built by HAL?
[RRB NTPC Tier I, 29 April 2016, Shift 2]
(A) HF-25 MKI
(B) HT-2
(C) HT-3 MKI
(D) HF-28
Answer: (B) HT-2
Explanation: HT-2 was an Indian basic trainer aircraft designed and built by Hindustan Aircraft/HAL, making it an early milestone in the country’s indigenous aviation industry. It was not a combat fighter.
Q40. BrahMos is the name of a:
[UPSC CAPF Assistant Commandants, 12 July 2015]
(A) Short-range supersonic cruise missile
(B) Air-defence gun
(C) Military satellite
(D) Multiple rocket launcher
Answer: (A) Short-range supersonic cruise missile
Explanation: BrahMos is a high-speed cruise missile jointly developed by India and Russia. Its design supports precision attacks from several kinds of launch platform, distinguishing it from artillery rocket launchers. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q39. What nuclear payload capacity was attributed to the Agni-V missile?
[AFCAT, 13 September 2015]
(A) 1,000 kg
(B) 1,500 kg
(C) 2,000 kg
(D) 2,500 kg
Answer: (B) 1,500 kg
Explanation: The Agni-V was described as capable of delivering a payload around 1,500 kilograms. It is a long-range, three-stage solid-fuel ballistic missile developed by India for strategic deterrence. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q38. Which is India’s first long-range subsonic cruise missile?
[AFCAT, 22 February 2015]
(A) Agni-II
(B) Prithvi
(C) Dhanush
(D) Nirbhay
Answer: (D) Nirbhay
Explanation: Nirbhay is designed for long-range subsonic cruise flight. The other options are ballistic missiles, which follow different flight profiles and are designed for different launch and mission requirements. Cruise-missile navigation and propulsion must sustain controlled flight over long distances, often at comparatively low altitude.
Q37. K-15 is classified as which type of missile?
[AFCAT, 22 February 2015]
(A) Submarine-launched ballistic missile
(B) Intercontinental ballistic missile
(C) Medium-range ballistic missile
(D) Land-based short-range ballistic missile
Answer: (A) Submarine-launched ballistic missile
Explanation: K-15, also called Sagarika, is a submarine-launched ballistic missile. It is associated with India’s sea-based strategic deterrent and is fundamentally different from land-launched Agni missiles.
Q36. BrahMos is a joint venture between which foreign country and Indian organisation?
[IB ACIO Grade II, 22 February 2015]
(A) United States and ISRO
(B) United Kingdom and ISRO
(C) Russia and ISRO
(D) Russia and DRDO
Answer: (D) Russia and DRDO
Explanation: The BrahMos project brings together DRDO of India and Russian missile-industry expertise. This partnership developed a supersonic cruise missile named from the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q35. Concerning Agni-IV:
1. It is surface-to-surface.
2. It uses only liquid propellant.
3. It carries a one-tonne warhead 7,500 km.
Which is correct?
[UPSC CSE Prelims 2014]
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (A) 1 only
Explanation: Agni-IV is a surface-to-surface ballistic missile using solid-fuel propulsion. Its reported range is much less than 7,500 km, making statements two and three false. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q34. Which BrahMos version was successfully tested by India in March 2013?
[UPPSC Civil Services Prelims 2013]
(A) Aircraft version
(B) Ship version
(C) Land version
(D) Submarine version
Answer: (D) Submarine version
Explanation: A submerged launch test of the submarine version of BrahMos took place in March 2013. It demonstrated the system’s adaptability for naval underwater platforms. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q33. Which of these is an Indian surface-to-air missile?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2013]
(A) Agni
(B) Nag
(C) Trishul
(D) Prithvi
Answer: (C) Trishul
Explanation: Trishul is a short-range surface-to-air missile project. Agni and Prithvi are surface-to-surface ballistic missile families, while Nag is designed to attack armoured vehicles. Missile range and intended target determine whether a weapon is a short-range air-defence system or a strategic strike system.
Q32. Which of the following is an indigenously built light combat aircraft?
[UPPSC Civil Services Mains 2013]
(A) Akash
(B) Tejas
(C) Vikrant
(D) Arjun
Answer: (B) Tejas
Explanation: Tejas is India’s indigenous light combat aircraft. The distractors refer to a surface-to-air missile system, an aircraft carrier and a main battle tank, respectively. A fighter-aircraft programme requires flight-control engineering, avionics integration and years of flight-testing before operational induction.
Q31. C-130J Super Hercules aircraft operated by the Indian Air Force were produced in which country?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2013]
(A) Israel
(B) United States
(C) Russia
(D) France
Answer: (B) United States
Explanation: The C-130J Super Hercules is manufactured by Lockheed Martin in the United States. It is a military transport aircraft used for tactical airlift, rather than an indigenous Indian fighter.
Q30. Which was India’s first indigenously developed nuclear-powered submarine?
[IB ACIO Grade II, 15 September 2013]
(A) INS Chakra
(B) INS Arihant
(C) INS Shalki
(D) INS Sindhuvir
Answer: (B) INS Arihant
Explanation: INS Arihant was constructed under the Advanced Technology Vessel programme and forms part of India’s nuclear-powered ballistic-missile submarine force. It was an important landmark in indigenous naval propulsion and shipbuilding. A ballistic-missile submarine is designed to provide survivable sea-based deterrence through concealed underwater patrols.
Q29. Which pairing is correctly matched?
[UPPSC Prelims 2012]
(A) Trishul—surface-to-surface missile
(B) Prithvi—surface-to-air missile
(C) Nag—anti-tank missile
(D) Pinaka—light combat aircraft
Answer: (C) Nag—anti-tank missile
Explanation: Nag is an anti-tank guided missile. Trishul is a surface-to-air weapon; Prithvi is surface-to-surface; and Pinaka is a multi-barrel rocket artillery system. Anti-tank weapons are designed to overcome vehicle armour, so seeker accuracy and the attack angle are particularly important.
Q28. On which date was Agni-V first successfully test-fired from Wheeler Island?
[Rajasthan PTET 2012, memory-based]
(A) 7 March 2012
(B) 7 April 2012
(C) 17 March 2012
(D) 19 April 2012
Answer: (D) 19 April 2012
Explanation: Agni-V was first successfully flight-tested on 19 April 2012 from Wheeler Island off Odisha. The test marked a major advance in India’s long-range ballistic missile-development programme. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q27. Admiral Gorshkov, later acquired by India, was a:
[UPPSC Prelims 2012]
(A) Russian naval chief
(B) Naval aircraft carrier
(C) Air Force headquarters
(D) Naval organisation
Answer: (B) Naval aircraft carrier
Explanation: Admiral Gorshkov was a Soviet/Russian aircraft carrier. After a major refit, it entered Indian Navy service as INS Vikramaditya, expanding India’s carrier aviation capabilities.
Q26. The missile Astra belongs to which category?
[UPPSC Prelims 2011]
(A) Land-to-land missile
(B) Land-to-air missile
(C) Air-to-air missile
(D) Water-to-land missile
Answer: (C) Air-to-air missile
Explanation: Astra is an air-to-air guided missile developed in India. Its beyond-visual-range role allows combat aircraft to engage hostile aerial targets at distances beyond direct human sight. Beyond-visual-range engagement combines aircraft sensors, launch guidance and terminal target tracking rather than relying solely on the pilot’s unaided eyesight.
Q25. Which Indian Agni missile has a range exceeding approximately 2,000 km?
[UPPSC Mains 2011]
(A) Prithvi
(B) Trishul
(C) Akash
(D) Agni-II
Answer: (D) Agni-II
Explanation: Agni-II belongs to the medium-range ballistic-missile family with a commonly cited range around 2,000 to 2,500 kilometres. The other options represent substantially shorter-range or defensive missile systems. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q24. Which statement about Shaurya was identified as incorrect?
[UPPSC Mains 2011]
(A) It is a hypersonic missile
(B) It is surface-to-surface
(C) Its striking range is 900 km
(D) It was tested on 24 September 2011
Answer: (C) Its striking range is 900 km
Explanation: The source’s historical answer key rejects the specific 900-kilometre range claim. Shaurya is a high-speed surface-to-surface ballistic missile; range figures in different reports and versions should not be conflated. Missile classification depends on launch mode, propulsion and trajectory rather than on its popular name alone.
Q23. What is Tejas?
[MPPSC Prelims 2010]
(A) Indigenous fighter aircraft
(B) Air-to-air missile
(C) Remotely operated aircraft
(D) Fastest aeroplane
Answer: (A) Indigenous fighter aircraft
Explanation: Tejas is an Indian-developed light combat aircraft, not a missile or uncrewed aircraft. It was developed under the Indian Light Combat Aircraft programme for multirole fighter operations. A fighter-aircraft programme requires flight-control engineering, avionics integration and years of flight-testing before operational induction.
Q22. Match
Arihant, AWACS, Atlas-Centaur and Nag
with atomic submarine, Israeli Phalcon surveillance system, US rocket and anti-tank missile.
[UPPSC Prelims 2010]
(A) 4-3-2-1
(B) 4-3-1-2
(C) 3-4-1-2
(D) 3-4-2-1
Answer: (B) 4-3-1-2
Explanation: Arihant is a nuclear-powered submarine; AWACS denotes airborne warning and control technology; Atlas-Centaur is a rocket system; and Nag is India’s guided anti-tank missile. Anti-tank weapons are designed to overcome vehicle armour, so seeker accuracy and the attack angle are particularly important.
Q21. Which of these is NOT an aircraft?
[UPPSC Mains 2009]
(A) Jaguar
(B) Dornier-228
(C) Sarath BMP-II
(D) MiG-27M
Answer: (C) Sarath BMP-II
Explanation: Sarath is India’s designation for a BMP-II infantry combat vehicle. Jaguar, Dornier-228 and MiG-27M are aircraft, serving different combat or transport roles.
Q20. Consider Shaurya:
1. It flies faster than Mach 8.
2. Its range exceeds 1,600 km.
Which statements were correct according to the 2009 key?
[UPSC CSE Prelims 2009]
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation: The 2009 examination key treated both assertions as incorrect using the then-reported specifications of Shaurya. Missile performance figures change across development stages, so the historical answer must be read in that context.
Q19. From which country did India purchase the Barak anti-missile defence system?
[UPSC CSE Prelims 2008]
(A) Israel
(B) France
(C) Russia
(D) United States
Answer: (A) Israel
Explanation: The Barak air-defence missile system was acquired from Israel for naval protection. Barak-series interceptors are intended to counter incoming aerial threats, including missiles aimed at warships. Shipborne interceptors form part of layered naval protection against aircraft and approaching anti-ship weapons.
Q18. With which country was an unmanned helicopter being developed for the Indian Navy?
[UPPSC Mains 2008]
(A) China
(B) France
(C) Israel
(D) United States
Answer: (C) Israel
Explanation: The programme referred to cooperation between Indian aerospace organisations and Israel on an unmanned helicopter. Such platforms could be used for shipborne reconnaissance, surveillance and related naval tasks.
Q17. Shaurya, successfully tested in November 2008, is what kind of missile?
[UPPSC Special Prelims 2008]
(A) Surface-to-air ballistic missile
(B) Surface-to-water ballistic missile
(C) Surface-to-surface ballistic missile
(D) None of these
Answer: (C) Surface-to-surface ballistic missile
Explanation: Shaurya is a canister-launched surface-to-surface ballistic missile developed by India. Its mission concerns attacks on ground targets rather than the interception of airborne aircraft. Missile classification depends on launch mode, propulsion and trajectory rather than on its popular name alone.
Q16. Consider Prithvi-II:
1. DRDO successfully conducted an interception trial in November 2006.
2. Prithvi-II can defend cities against air attack.
Which is correct?
[UPSC CSE Prelims 2007]
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (A) 1 only
Explanation: The November 2006 ballistic missile-defence trial used a Prithvi-class missile as a target. Prithvi-II itself is a surface-to-surface ballistic missile, not an interceptor that protects cities from air attacks. This missile belongs to India’s early indigenous ballistic-weapons development, which helped establish the country’s strategic engineering base.
Q15. Which fighter aircraft was flown by former President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam?
[RPSC RAS Prelims 2007]
(A) F-16
(B) MiG-30
(C) Jaguar
(D) Sukhoi Su-30MKI
Answer: (D) Sukhoi Su-30MKI
Explanation: Dr Kalam flew in an Indian Air Force Sukhoi Su-30MKI in June 2006. The Sukhoi is a twin-engine multirole fighter equipped for air-to-air and air-to-ground missions. The Su-30MKI is a multirole aircraft capable of using different weapons for aerial combat and ground attack.
Q14. Match Trishul, Prithvi, Agni and Nag with short-range SAM, surface-to-surface, intermediate ballistic missile and anti-tank missile.
[UP Lower Subordinate Services Prelims 2007]
(A) 1-2-3-4
(B) 4-3-2-1
(C) 3-4-2-1
(D) 2-1-4-3
Answer: (C) 3-4-2-1
Explanation: Trishul was a short-range surface-to-air missile; Prithvi is surface-to-surface; Agni refers to ballistic missiles of progressively longer range; Nag is an anti-tank guided weapon. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q13. Which Indian missile was tested on 27 January 1996 at Chandipur?
[UP UDA/LDA Prelims 2006]
(A) Prithvi-I
(B) Prithvi-II
(C) Akash
(D) PSLV-D2
Answer: (B) Prithvi-II
Explanation: Prithvi-II is the member of the Prithvi ballistic-missile family associated with the January 1996 test. It uses liquid-propellant technology and is a ground-attack missile. This missile belongs to India’s early indigenous ballistic-weapons development, which helped establish the country’s strategic engineering base.
Q12. Which pair was NOT correctly matched?
[UPSC CSE Prelims 2005]
(A) Arjun—indigenous main battle tank
(B) Phalcon—Russian cruise missile
(C) Saras—indigenous passenger aircraft
(D) Operation Seabird—naval base at Karwar
Answer: (B) Phalcon—Russian cruise missile
Explanation: Phalcon refers to an Israeli airborne early-warning radar system, not a Russian cruise missile. The other pairs refer to the Indian Arjun tank, Saras aircraft and Karwar naval infrastructure. Airborne radar platforms can extend detection horizons by operating above terrain obstacles that limit ground radar coverage.
Q11. From which country did India obtain the Phalcon airborne radar system?
[UPPSC Mains 2004]
(A) United States
(B) Israel
(C) France
(D) Russia
Answer: (B) Israel
Explanation: Phalcon is an airborne early-warning and control radar system developed in Israel. Such equipment allows aircraft to detect, track and share information about airspace threats over wide areas. Airborne radar platforms can extend detection horizons by operating above terrain obstacles that limit ground radar coverage.
Q10. Tejas, developed with indigenous technologies, is a:
[UPPSC Mains 2004]
(A) Submarine
(B) Medium-range missile
(C) Light combat aircraft
(D) Aircraft carrier
Answer: (C) Light combat aircraft
Explanation: Tejas is a light combat aircraft designed within India’s indigenous aerospace programme. It is a supersonic, multirole fighter, not a naval platform or guided missile. A fighter-aircraft programme requires flight-control engineering, avionics integration and years of flight-testing before operational induction.
Q9. Agni-II was launched from which location according to the examination?
[UPPSC Mains 2004]
(A) Sriharikota
(B) Chandipur
(C) Thumba
(D) Pokhran
Answer: (B) Chandipur
Explanation: Chandipur in Odisha was the answer used for the missile-testing location. Agni-II is a two-stage ballistic missile from India’s strategic Agni family, tested from the Odisha coastal range region. Unlike a cruise missile, a ballistic missile relies chiefly on its momentum and gravity after its initial powered stages.
Q8. Which air-to-air missile was tested near Balasore in May 2003?
[UP Lower Subordinate Services Prelims 2004]
(A) Astra
(B) Akash
(C) Tejas
(D) Vajra
Answer: (A) Astra
Explanation: Astra is the indigenous air-to-air missile tested in the Balasore area. Akash is a surface-to-air missile; Tejas is an aircraft rather than a missile. Beyond-visual-range engagement combines aircraft sensors, launch guidance and terminal target tracking rather than relying solely on the pilot’s unaided eyesight.
Q7. INDRA refers to a:
[UP Lower Subordinate Services Prelims 2004]
(A) Missile
(B) Unmanned aircraft
(C) Radar
(D) Tank
Answer: (C) Radar
Explanation: INDRA is the name of an Indian radar system developed for defence surveillance. Radar uses radio waves to detect and track objects, providing information useful for monitoring airspace.
Q6. The BrahMos missile was developed jointly by India and which country?
[UPPSC Mains 2004]
(A) United States
(B) Russia
(C) Israel
(D) United Kingdom
Answer: (B) Russia
Explanation: BrahMos is the result of India–Russia technical cooperation. Its name reflects the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers, and it is a supersonic guided cruise missile. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q5. BrahMos was jointly developed by India and:
[UPPSC Prelims 2003]
(A) United States
(B) Russia
(C) Israel
(D) United Kingdom
Answer: (B) Russia
Explanation: Russia is India’s development partner for BrahMos. The missile is a supersonic cruise weapon associated with both nations’ aerospace and defence industries. Cruise missiles remain powered through most of their guided flight, which distinguishes their operating principle from ballistic missiles.
Q4. INDRA is the name of which defence technology?
[UP Lower Subordinate Services Prelims 2003]
(A) Missile
(B) Unmanned aircraft
(C) Radar
(D) Tank
Answer: (C) Radar
Explanation: INDRA is an indigenous radar programme. Radar systems transmit and receive radio-frequency signals to find objects and help supply situational awareness to military operators.
Q3. Match List I—
A. Prithvi,
B. Trishul,
C. Pinaka,
D. Nishant—
with List II—
1. multi-barrel rocket launcher,
2. remotely operated battlefield reconnaissance vehicle,
3. surface-to-surface missile,
4. surface-to-air missile.
Choose the correct A-B-C-D sequence.
[UP Lower Subordinate Services Prelims 2002]
(A) 1-2-3-4
(B) 3-4-1-2
(C) 3-4-2-1
(D) 2-3-4-1
Answer: (B) 3-4-1-2
Explanation: Prithvi is surface-to-surface; Trishul is surface-to-air; Pinaka is a multi-barrel rocket launcher; and Nishant is a remotely controlled unmanned aerial reconnaissance system. This missile belongs to India’s early indigenous ballistic-weapons development, which helped establish the country’s strategic engineering base.
Q2. The short-range Trishul missile test-fired from Chandipur is a:
[Uttarakhand PCS Mains 2002]
(A) Subsonic missile
(B) Supersonic missile
(C) Hypersonic missile
(D) None of these
Answer: (B) Supersonic missile
Explanation: Trishul was developed as a supersonic short-range surface-to-air missile project. A supersonic missile travels faster than sound, useful for reducing interception time against aerial targets. Missile range and intended target determine whether a weapon is a short-range air-defence system or a strategic strike system.
Q1. The first indigenously assembled T-90S battle tank was named:
[Uttarakhand PCS Mains 2002]
(A) Arjun
(B) Bhima
(C) Bhishma
(D) Tarang
Answer: (C) Bhishma
Explanation: Bhishma is the Indian designation of the T-90S main battle tank, originally a Russian design assembled and manufactured in India under technology cooperation arrangements.