Q150. What is the full form of AMRUT?
[DSSSB MTS [25 Feb 2026, Shift 3]]
(A) Atal Mechanism for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
(B) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
(C) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transition
(D) Atal Mission for Reformation and Urban Transformation
Answer: (B) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
Explanation: AMRUT was introduced on 25 June 2015 to improve essential urban services. Its priorities include reliable water supply, sewerage, green spaces and non-motorised transport. AMRUT 2.0 subsequently expanded the emphasis on water security and wastewater management in cities.
Q149. Which government mission specifically improves urban water supply and sewerage infrastructure in statutory towns?
[DSSSB MTS [25 Apr 2026, Shift 3]]
(A) Jal Shakti Abhiyan
(B) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Urban
(C) Smart Cities Mission
(D) AMRUT 2.0
Answer: (D) AMRUT 2.0
Explanation: AMRUT 2.0, launched in October 2021, aims to make cities water-secure through tap-water provision, better sewerage and septage management and rejuvenation of water bodies. Unlike housing-focused PMAY-U, this mission primarily addresses municipal water infrastructure.
Q148. Which of the following is NOT a component of actual population growth?
[RRB NTPC Graduate [25 Mar 2026, Shift 2]]
(A) Birth rate
(B) Death rate
(C) Urbanisation rate
(D) In-migration
Answer: (C) Urbanisation rate
Explanation: Actual population growth follows births minus deaths plus in-migration minus out-migration. Urbanisation measures the proportion of people residing in urban settlements, which may change even when the overall population grows slowly. Thus it is not a separate component in the population balance.
Q147. Which Constitutional Amendment Act gave constitutional status to urban local bodies?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate [8 May 2026, Shift 3]]
(A) 86th Amendment Act
(B) 74th Amendment Act
(C) 42nd Amendment Act
(D) 73rd Amendment Act
Answer: (B) 74th Amendment Act
Explanation: The Constitution (74th Amendment) Act, 1992 created the constitutional framework for municipalities. It added Part IX-A and the Twelfth Schedule. The 73rd Amendment, by contrast, deals principally with rural Panchayati Raj institutions.
Q146. Which constitutional amendment granted constitutional status to municipalities?
[DSSSB Assistant Superintendent [12 Jul 2026, Shift 2]]
(A) 73rd Amendment
(B) 74th Amendment
(C) 76th Amendment
(D) 75th Amendment
Answer: (B) 74th Amendment
Explanation: The 74th Amendment gave urban local bodies constitutional recognition. It covers Nagar Panchayats, Municipal Councils and Municipal Corporations under Part IX-A. Municipal governance is especially important in rapidly growing towns that must plan housing, roads, sanitation and public services.
Q145. Arrange these in chronological order:
A. Integrated Rural Development Programme;
B. Rural-Urban Relationship Committee;
C. National Commission on Urbanisation;
D. JNNURM; E. AMRUT.
[UGC NET Public Administration [7 Jan 2026, Shift 1]]
(A) A, B, E, C, D
(B) B, C, A, E, D
(C) A, B, C, D, E
(D) B, A, C, D, E
Answer: (D) B, A, C, D, E
Explanation: The Rural-Urban Relationship Committee preceded the Integrated Rural Development Programme; the National Commission on Urbanisation followed. Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission began in 2005, and AMRUT in 2015. This chronology illustrates changes in India’s urban-development policy.
Q144. What was the primary objective of launching PMAY–Urban in 2015?
[DSSSB MTS [25 Feb 2026, Shift 3]]
(A) Promoting sustainable urban development generally
(B) Providing affordable housing to the urban poor
(C) Only improving housing finance
(D) Replacing all slums immediately
Answer: (B) Providing affordable housing to the urban poor
Explanation: Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Urban was launched in June 2015 to address housing shortages, especially among economically weaker and low-income urban households. It supports permanent dwellings with basic services; it is not a general-purpose urban transport or sanitation programme.
Q143. Which pair correctly matches an urban local body with the area it serves?
[DSSSB PRT [19 Feb 2026, Shift 3]]
(A) Municipal Corporation — Transitional area
(B) Municipal Board — Entirely rural area
(C) Nagar Panchayat — Large metropolis
(D) Municipal Council — Smaller urban area
Answer: (D) Municipal Council — Smaller urban area
Explanation: Article 243Q distinguishes three types of urban local bodies. Nagar Panchayats serve transitional areas, Municipal Councils serve smaller urban areas, and Municipal Corporations serve larger urban areas. The constitutional categories help states choose suitable municipal structures.
Q142. Which constitutional article provides for the constitution of municipalities?
[RRB NTPC Undergraduate [7 May 2026, Shift 1]]
(A) Article 243Q
(B) Article 243P
(C) Article 243R
(D) Article 243S
Answer: (A) Article 243Q
Explanation: Article 243Q prescribes municipalities for transitional, smaller urban and larger urban areas. Article 243P provides definitions, whereas other neighbouring articles cover composition and ward committees. These provisions were inserted by the 74th Constitutional Amendment.
Q141. Which is a form of urban local government under the Indian Constitution?
[RRB ALP [17 Feb 2026, Shift 3]]
(A) Zila Panchayat
(B) Block Panchayat
(C) Municipality
(D) Gram Sabha
Answer: (C) Municipality
Explanation: Municipalities provide local self-government for cities and towns. The Panchayat institutions listed in the other choices are associated with rural administration. The 74th Constitutional Amendment introduced a constitutional foundation for urban local bodies and their civic responsibilities.