Q100. What distinguishes India’s Aditya-L1 solar mission?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 24 September 2025, Shift 1]
(A) It uses only radar to study the Sun
(B) It directly orbits the surface of the Sun
(C) It observes the solar corona from around Sun–Earth Lagrange Point 1
(D) It is in lunar orbit
Answer: (C) It observes the solar corona from around Sun–Earth Lagrange Point 1
Explanation: Aditya-L1 operates in a halo orbit around the Sun–Earth L1 region, providing a largely uninterrupted view of the Sun. Its instruments study the solar atmosphere, solar wind and energetic particles, helping scientists investigate space weather.
Q99. What is the full form of PSLV?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 22 September 2025, Shift 3]
(A) Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
(B) Public Space Launch Vehicle
(C) Planetary Satellite Launch Vehicle
(D) Private Satellite Launch Vehicle
Answer: (A) Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
Explanation: Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle is ISRO’s versatile launch rocket, famous for placing Earth-observation spacecraft into polar and Sun-synchronous orbits. It has also launched interplanetary missions and commercial payloads into other orbits through different vehicle configurations.
Q98. Which was India’s first interplanetary space mission?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 22 September 2025, Shift 1]
(A) Chandrayaan-1
(B) Gaganyaan
(C) Aditya-L1
(D) Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission)
Answer: (D) Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission)
Explanation: India’s Mars Orbiter Mission, popularly known as Mangalyaan, entered orbit around Mars in September 2014 after a 2013 launch. Chandrayaan explored the Moon, Aditya-L1 observes the Sun, and Gaganyaan is India’s human-spaceflight programme.
Q97. What does ISRO stand for?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 21 September 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Indian Scientific Research Organization
(B) Indian Space Research Organisation
(C) Indian Satellite Rocket Organization
(D) International Space Research Organization
Answer: (B) Indian Space Research Organisation
Explanation: The Indian Space Research Organisation is India’s national space agency. It designs and operates launch vehicles, satellites, Earth-observation services and planetary missions. ISRO was established in 1969 and operates under the Department of Space.
Q96. Under India’s Space Vision 2047, in which years are Bharatiya Antariksh Station and an Indian crewed lunar landing respectively envisioned?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 20 September 2025, Shift 1]
(A) 2030 and 2035
(B) 2035 and 2040
(C) 2040 and 2047
(D) 2028 and 2030
Answer: (B) 2035 and 2040
Explanation: India’s long-term space roadmap sets a goal for an Indian space station by 2035 and an Indian astronaut landing on the Moon by 2040. These are policy targets rather than completed achievements, and their feasibility depends on technological progress.
Q95. On which date did India successfully carry out its SpaDeX spacecraft docking operation?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 13 September 2025, Shift 3]
(A) 30 December 2024
(B) 1 January 2025
(C) 16 January 2025
(D) 26 January 2025
Answer: (C) 16 January 2025
Explanation: ISRO docked the two SpaDeX satellites on 16 January 2025 after their December 2024 launch. Docking technology allows two independently orbiting craft to connect, an important capability for future orbital servicing, human spaceflight and space stations.
Q94. What is the main function of the NVS-02 satellite launched by GSLV-F15?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 13 September 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Cyclone monitoring
(B) Television broadcasting
(C) Navigation and precise timing
(D) Communications with interplanetary probes
Answer: (C) Navigation and precise timing
Explanation: NVS-02 belongs to India’s NavIC navigation satellite family. Such spacecraft support positioning, navigation and timing services, which are useful to transport, timing networks and strategic applications. Navigation satellites differ from weather and broadcasting satellites in their payload objectives.
Q93. Which orbital regime was chosen for the NASA–ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar mission, NISAR?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 13 September 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Geostationary Transfer Orbit
(B) Geostationary Orbit
(C) Polar Sun-synchronous Orbit
(D) Highly elliptical Earth orbit
Answer: (C) Polar Sun-synchronous Orbit
Explanation: NISAR observes Earth using L-band and S-band synthetic-aperture radar. Its near-polar, Sun-synchronous orbit provides repeated observations under consistent illumination conditions and helps track changes in forests, ice, terrain deformation and natural hazards.
Q92. What is the proposed Bharatiya Antariksh Station?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 26 September 2025, Shift 3]
(A) India’s first lunar surface base
(B) An Indian orbital space station
(C) A deep-space optical telescope
(D) An asteroid-mining station
Answer: (B) An Indian orbital space station
Explanation: Bharatiya Antariksh Station is the planned Indian crew-capable orbital outpost. Such stations enable extended human presence, scientific experiments and testing of life-support systems in microgravity. A space station orbits Earth rather than resting on the lunar surface.
Q91. What technology enabled hazard detection and avoidance by the Chandrayaan-3 Vikram lander?
[SSC CGL Tier I, 26 September 2025, Shift 2]
(A) Lander Hazard Detection and Avoidance Camera with processing algorithms
(B) Synthetic Aperture Radar
(C) Laser Doppler Imaging alone
(D) Laser Doppler Velocimeter alone
Answer: (A) Lander Hazard Detection and Avoidance Camera with processing algorithms
Explanation: Vikram employed a dedicated hazard-detection camera and onboard processing to assess surface conditions during descent. This helped identify safer landing terrain. Velocity-measurement instruments supported navigation, but hazard mapping specifically involved the camera and processing system.
