Q210. In which year did the Eram Massacre occur in the former Balasore district of Odisha?
[OSSSC Forester, Forest Guard & Excise Constable, 3 May 2026, Shift 3]
(A) 1942
(B) 1935
(C) 1909
(D) 1919
Answer: (A) 1942
Explanation: The Eram Massacre occurred on 28 September 1942 during the Quit India upsurge in Odisha. British police fired on protesters near present-day Bhadrak. Eram became known as Rakta Tirtha, commemorating the sacrifice of those killed in the firing.
Q209. Which movement began in Odisha in December 1940 under Gandhian influence?
[OSSSC Forester, Forest Guard & Excise Constable, 2 May 2026, Shift 3]
(A) Individual Civil Disobedience
(B) Non-Cooperation Movement
(C) Quit India Movement
(D) Swadeshi Movement
Answer: (A) Individual Civil Disobedience
Explanation: Individual Civil Disobedience, also called Individual Satyagraha, spread to Odisha in December 1940. Gandhi had initiated the national campaign after the August Offer, seeking to assert Indians’ freedom to criticize their unwilling participation in the Second World War.
Q208. Which slogan was prominently associated with the Quit India Movement?
[DSSSB MTS, 1 May 2026, Shift 3]
(A) Swaraj is my birthright
(B) Inquilab Zindabad
(C) Do or Die
(D) Simon Go Back
Answer: (C) Do or Die
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi used Do or Die in his August 1942 address at Gowalia Tank Maidan, Bombay. It expressed determination to end British rule. The movement developed after the failure of the Cripps Mission to satisfy Indian demands.
Q207. Where was Mahatma Gandhi on 15 August 1947 during independence celebrations?
[DSSSB MTS, 1 May 2026, Shift 1]
(A) Bombay
(B) Delhi
(C) Calcutta
(D) Lahore
Answer: (C) Calcutta
Explanation: Gandhi stayed in Calcutta, especially the Beliaghata area, attempting to restore peace amid communal tension. Rather than attend the official celebrations in Delhi, he focused on reconciliation during the violent upheaval surrounding the Partition of British India.
Q206. In which year was the Shimla Conference held?
[OSSSC Forester, Forest Guard & Excise Constable, 27 April 2026, Shift 1]
(A) 1939
(B) 1945
(C) 1937
(D) 1941
Answer: (B) 1945
Explanation: Lord Wavell convened the Shimla Conference in June 1945 to discuss reconstituting the Viceroy’s Executive Council. Congress and the Muslim League disagreed, especially about Muslim representation, and negotiations failed despite the effort to overcome the constitutional impasse.
Q205. Who gave the slogan Do or Die during the Quit India Movement?
[DSSSB MTS, 27 April 2026, Shift 1]
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru
(B) Lala Lajpat Rai
(C) Bhagat Singh
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: (D) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi delivered the Do or Die exhortation at Bombay’s Gowalia Tank Maidan on 8 August 1942, when Congress endorsed the Quit India resolution. His call urged determined resistance to colonial rule; arrests of Congress leaders followed the next morning.
Q204. The Interim Government before Indian independence was formed from the Constituent Assembly elected in which year?
[DSSSB MTS, 26 April 2026, Shift 3]
(A) 1943
(B) 1945
(C) 1944
(D) 1946
Answer: (D) 1946
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly was elected indirectly in 1946 under the Cabinet Mission framework. The Interim Government began functioning on 2 September 1946. These institutions provided a political and administrative bridge between late colonial rule and the transfer of power.
Q203. In March 1946, how many members were sent as the British Cabinet Mission to India?
[DSSSB MTS, 25 April 2026, Shift 3]
(A) Four
(B) Three
(C) Five
(D) Two
Answer: (B) Three
Explanation: The three ministers were Pethick-Lawrence, Stafford Cripps and A. V. Alexander. Their task was to consult Indian leaders about transfer of power and constitution-making while exploring a framework that might preserve Indian unity despite political disagreement.
Q202. In which year did the Quit India Movement start?
[OSSSC Forester, Forest Guard & Excise Constable, 25 April 2026, Shift 2]
(A) 1943
(B) 1939
(C) 1945
(D) 1942
Answer: (D) 1942
Explanation: The All India Congress Committee adopted its Quit India resolution on 8 August 1942 in Bombay. Gandhi demanded immediate British withdrawal. A sweeping arrest campaign against Congress leaders on 9 August was followed by popular unrest in many regions.
Q201. Which constitutional provisions were most directly influenced by the experience of Partition: 1. single citizenship; 2. religious freedom; 3. presidential electoral college; 4. financial emergency?
[MP Police SI, 21 January 2026, Shift 2]
(A) 2 and 4 only
(B) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(C) 1, 2 and 3 only
(D) 1 and 2 only
Answer: (D) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Single citizenship emphasizes political membership in one Union, while guarantees of religious freedom protect individual conscience and worship. Both are particularly significant in understanding the divisions and minority-rights anxieties created by Partition. Presidential election methods and financial emergency provisions have different immediate rationales.
