Q80. Match the Government of India rescue operations with the countries:
A. Kaveri
B. Indravati
C. Ajay
D. Ganga;
I. Israel
II. Haiti
III. Ukraine
IV. Sudan.
Choose correct code.
[UPSC NDA & NA I 2026]
(A) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
(B) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
(C) A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
(D) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Answer: (C) A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
Explanation: Operation Kaveri evacuated people from Sudan, Indravati from Haiti, Ajay assisted Indians from Israel and Ganga evacuated citizens affected by war in Ukraine. These operations combined diplomatic coordination with air, transport and evacuation resources.
Q79. With respect to the December 2025 DRDO–Rashtriya Raksha University MoU, consider:
1. The agreement supports training and technology collaboration for defence and internal security.
2. RRU is an Institution of Eminence under the Ministry of Education.
Which is correct?
[UPSC CDS-I 2026 General Knowledge, 12 Apr]
(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2
(D) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (A) 1 only
Explanation: The DRDO and Rashtriya Raksha University memorandum promotes cooperation in technology and training relevant to national defence and internal security. Rashtriya Raksha University functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs, not the Ministry of Education, making the second statement incorrect.
Q78. Which items fall under the administration of India’s Ministry of Defence:
1. Territorial Army,
2. Hydrographic surveys and nautical charts,
3. National Cadet Corps,
4. Coast Guard affairs?
[UPSC CDS-I 2026 General Knowledge, 12 Apr]
(A) All four
(B) Only 1, 3 and 4
(C) Only 2 and 4
(D) Only 1 and 3
Answer: (A) All four
Explanation: The Ministry of Defence handles the Territorial Army, National Cadet Corps, Coast Guard organisation and hydrographic survey and charting functions. Maritime charting and coast guard responsibilities are defence administration functions alongside the Army-related organisations listed in the question.
Q77. Who received a one-year extension in May 2025 as Chairman of DRDO and Secretary of Defence Research and Development?
[SSC CHSL 2025, 27 Nov Shift 2]
(A) G. Satheesh Reddy
(B) Ajay Kumar
(C) Samir V. Kamat
(D) M. N. Srinivasu
Answer: (C) Samir V. Kamat
Explanation: Dr Samir V. Kamat was granted an extension as DRDO Chairman and Secretary, Department of Defence Research and Development. DRDO coordinates research into missiles, electronics, aerospace, naval systems and related technologies for India’s defence requirements.
Q76. In October 2024, DRDO developed VSHORADS for which purpose?
[SSC CHSL 2025, 27 Nov Shift 1]
(A) Underwater mining
(B) Missile fuel storage
(C) Short-range air defence
(D) Submarine communication
Answer: (C) Short-range air defence
Explanation: VSHORADS stands for Very Short Range Air Defence System. It is designed to engage low-altitude threats, including helicopters, aircraft and drones, and reflects efforts to develop portable indigenous tactical air defence equipment.
Q75. Assertion: India’s Dornier aircraft assistance and OCC support to Sri Lanka demonstrate increased defence partnership.
Reason: President Disanayaka rejected maritime-security assistance and sought cultural and financial cooperation only.
Choose the correct relation.
[SSC CGL 2025, 19 Sep Shift 1]
(A) Both true, reason explains assertion
(B) Both true, reason does not explain assertion
(C) Assertion false, reason true
(D) Assertion true, reason false
Answer: (D) Assertion true, reason false
Explanation: India’s defence and maritime-security support to Sri Lanka includes Dornier maritime-surveillance assistance and related cooperation. The claim that Sri Lanka rejected security assistance is incorrect. Consequently, the assertion is true while the reason is false.
Q74. Which IPS officer became Director General of the National Disaster Response Force in 2024?
[SSC CGL 2025, 17 Sep Shift 2]
(A) Piyush Anand
(B) Atul Karwal
(C) Rajeev Kapoor
(D) Pradeep Kumar
Answer: (A) Piyush Anand
Explanation: Piyush Anand, an IPS officer, assumed charge as Director General of NDRF in 2024. NDRF is a specialist disaster-response force created under the disaster-management framework and deploys trained personnel for search, rescue and emergency relief.
Q73. Consider these claims about India’s military weapons:
1. HAMMER can equip Rafale aircraft.
2. The SCALP cruise missile is also called Storm Shadow.
3. BrahMos originates from an India–Russia joint venture.
Which are correct?
[UPSC CDS-II 2025 General Knowledge, 14 Sep]
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1, 2 and 3
(D) 3 only
Answer: (C) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation: HAMMER is a precision-guided modular air-to-ground munition used by Rafale aircraft. Storm Shadow and SCALP EG designate the same missile family. BrahMos Aerospace is an India–Russia venture established through cooperation between DRDO and Russia’s NPO Mashinostroyeniya.
Q72. Arrange the military operations chronologically:
1. Operation Cactus Lily
2. Operation Riddle
3. Operation Meghdoot
4. Operation Safed Sagar.
[UPSC CAPF AC 2025, 3 Aug]
(A) 1-2-3-4
(B) 2-1-3-4
(C) 4-1-2-3
(D) 4-2-1-3
Answer: (B) 2-1-3-4
Explanation: The sequence is Operation Riddle linked with the 1965 war, Cactus Lily with the 1971 war, Meghdoot with deployment to Siachen in 1984 and Safed Sagar with the Indian Air Force’s Kargil War operations in 1999.
Q71. Which organisation collaborated with the Indian Navy for the VLSRSAM launch in March 2025?
[RRB NTPC UG CBT-I, 12 Aug 2025 Shift 3]
(A) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
(B) Bharat Electronics Limited
(C) Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
(D) Defence Research and Development Organisation
Answer: (D) Defence Research and Development Organisation
Explanation: The Defence Research and Development Organisation worked with the Indian Navy on the Vertical Launch Short Range Surface-to-Air Missile. VLSRSAM is designed for launch from naval platforms to intercept airborne threats and support ship self-defence.
