30. Which Act is also known as the Morley–Minto Reforms?
[SSC Stenographer, 12 October 2023, Shift 1]
- (A) Indian Councils Act, 1909
- (B) Government of India Act, 1935
- (C) Government of India Act, 1919
- (D) Indian Councils Act, 1892
Answer: (A) Indian Councils Act, 1909
Explanation: The 1909 Indian Councils Act carried the Morley–Minto proposals, expanding legislative councils and bringing more Indians into formal advisory bodies. Separate Muslim electorates were its most consequential innovation and gave communal representation a statutory basis.
29. Which Act provided for a Law Commission to consolidate and codify laws in India?
[SSC CPO, 3 October 2023, Shift 3]
- (A) Indian Councils Act, 1909
- (B) Government of India Act, 1919
- (C) Charter Act, 1813
- (D) Charter Act, 1833
Answer: (D) Charter Act, 1833
Explanation: The Charter Act of 1833 authorised the first Indian Law Commission, constituted the next year under T. B. Macaulay. It sought to organise and codify existing law, reflecting a wider movement toward a centralised colonial legal system.
28. The Indian Councils Act known as the Morley–Minto Reforms was enacted in which year?
[SSC CHSL, 14 August 2023, Shift 3]
- (A) 1909
- (B) 1919
- (C) 1862
- (D) 1935
Answer: (A) 1909
Explanation: The Morley–Minto Reforms became law in 1909. Their defining provisions increased the size of legislative councils, allowed limited Indian participation and introduced separate electorates for Muslims, while retaining overall British executive dominance.
27. Which Government of India Act introduced provincial dyarchy through the Montagu–Chelmsford reforms?
[SSC CGL, 24 July 2023, Shift 3]
- (A) Act of 1945
- (B) Act of 1935
- (C) Act of 1923
- (D) Act of 1919
Answer: (D) Act of 1919
Explanation: The 1919 Act divided subjects at provincial level into reserved and transferred departments. Ministers responsible to legislatures administered transferred subjects, while officials controlled reserved matters. The arrangement attempted limited self-government but often produced administrative friction.
26. Which Act established the system of dyarchy in the provinces?
[MPPSC State Service Prelims (2022 cycle), held 21 May 2023]
- (A) Government of India Act, 1935
- (B) Government of India Act, 1919
- (C) Indian Councils Act, 1861
- (D) Morley–Minto Reforms, 1909
Answer: (B) Government of India Act, 1919
Explanation: Provincial dyarchy originated in the Government of India Act, 1919. The Governor retained reserved departments, whereas Indian ministers managed transferred departments under legislative scrutiny. Provincial autonomy replaced this split under the 1935 Act.
25. Which Act was also called the East India Company Act, 1793?
[SSC MTS, 19 May 2023, Shift 1]
- (A) Government of India Act, 1793
- (B) Charter Act, 1793
- (C) Regulating Act, 1793
- (D) Indian Councils Act, 1793
Answer: (B) Charter Act, 1793
Explanation: The Charter Act of 1793 renewed the East India Company’s charter and trade monopoly for another twenty years. It continued the supervisory arrangements introduced earlier, rather than establishing a new constitution for representative government.
24. The Charter Act of 1813 renewed the East India Company charter for how many more years?
[SSC MTS (2022 cycle), 11 May 2023, Shift 2]
- (A) 15
- (B) 5
- (C) 20
- (D) 10
Answer: (C) 20
Explanation: The 1813 Charter Act extended Company authority for twenty years while ending its general monopoly over Indian trade. It retained exceptions for tea and trade with China and provided financial support for promoting education.
23. Which Act ended provincial dyarchy and provided for elected provincial legislatures?
[SSC MTS (2022 cycle), 9 May 2023, Shift 1]
- (A) Charter Act, 1793
- (B) Government of India Act, 1919
- (C) Government of India Act, 1935
- (D) Pitt’s India Act, 1784
Answer: (C) Government of India Act, 1935
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1935 abolished provincial dyarchy and introduced provincial autonomy. Governors retained discretionary and special powers, so responsibility remained qualified, but provincial ministries formed after the elections of 1937.
22. Which British parliamentary Act created the independent dominions of India and Pakistan?
[SSC CHSL (2022 cycle), 17 March 2023, Shift 3]
- (A) Rowlatt Act
- (B) Indian Independence Act
- (C) Government of India Act
- (D) Pitt’s India Act
Answer: (B) Indian Independence Act
Explanation: The Indian Independence Act, 1947 provided for two independent dominions and ended British authority over British India. It vested constituent and legislative powers in the new dominions and ended British paramountcy over princely states.
21. The Government of India Act that transferred Company rule to the Crown was passed in which year?
[SSC Stenographer, 17 November 2022, Shift 3]
- (A) 1860
- (B) 1859
- (C) 1861
- (D) 1858
Answer: (D) 1858
Explanation: After the 1857 revolt, Britain adopted the Government of India Act, 1858. It transferred Indian administration to the Crown and created the Secretary of State for India assisted by a council, replacing the Company’s governing machinery.
