100. Which Act converted Warren Hastings’s position from Governor of Bengal to Governor-General of Bengal?
[SSC CHSL Tier-I (9 Jul 2024, Shift 4) — 2024]
A. Pitt’s India Act 1784
B. Regulating Act 1773
C. Indian Councils Act 1861
D. Charter Act 1813
Answer: B. Regulating Act 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 established the Governor-General of Bengal with a council, making Hastings the first officeholder. It also represented an important parliamentary intervention in East India Company administration.
99. Whom did Curzon select to design Victoria Memorial Hall?
[SSC Selection Post Higher Secondary (26 Jun 2024, Shift 2)]
A. Robert Chisholm
B. William Emerson
C. Herbert Baker
D. Henry Irwin
Answer: B. William Emerson
Explanation: Architect William Emerson designed the Victoria Memorial in Calcutta. Curzon championed the monument to commemorate Queen Victoria, combining imperial symbolism with a grand architectural style blending multiple historical influences.
98. Which Viceroy was in office when Bengal’s partition was declared in 1905?
[WBPSC Food SI (17 Mar 2024, Shift 2)]
A. Lord Curzon
B. Lord Wellesley
C. Lord Amherst
D. Lord William Bentinck
Answer: A. Lord Curzon
Explanation: Curzon governed British India when the Bengal partition was proposed and brought into effect. The administrative justification failed to quell objections, and the issue galvanized Bengali political mobilization against imperial rule.
97. Who is called the Father of Local Self-Government in India?
[SSC CGL Tier-I (24 Sep 2024, Shift 1)]
A. Lord Cornwallis
B. Lord Wellesley
C. Lord Ripon
D. Lord William Bentinck
Answer: C. Lord Ripon
Explanation: Lord Ripon issued the 1882 Resolution on Local Self-Government, encouraging representative district and municipal bodies. His efforts to expand local participation earned him the traditional title of Father of Local Self-Government in India.
96. Who became the first Viceroy of India in 1858?
[OSSC Vital Statistics Assistant (12 Mar 2024, Shift 2)]
A. Lord Dalhousie
B. Lord Mountbatten
C. Lord Wellesley
D. Lord Canning
Answer: D. Lord Canning
Explanation: Canning was Governor-General when Company rule ended in 1858. As the Crown’s representative, he became the first Viceroy and supervised the initial transition to direct British government after the rebellion.
95. Which labour-welfare reform was introduced during Lord Ripon’s term?
[SSC MTS (29 Oct 2024, Shift 1)]
A. Financial Decentralisation
B. Factory Act
C. Vernacular Press Act
D. Educational Reforms
Answer: B. Factory Act
Explanation: The first Indian Factories Act was enacted in 1881 during Ripon’s viceroyalty. It introduced initial protections for young industrial workers, marking an early although limited attempt at state regulation of factory employment.
94. Who is regarded as the Father of Local Self-Government?
[Maharashtra Police Constable Mumbai (7 Jul 2024)]
A. Lord Ripon
B. Lord William Bentinck
C. Lord Wellesley
D. Lord Dalhousie
Answer: A. Lord Ripon
Explanation: Ripon’s 1882 resolution encouraged elected participation in municipalities and district boards. It is remembered as a major step toward local administrative decentralization during the British period, though official control remained substantial.
93. Who laid the foundations of local self-government in British India?
[Bihar CET B.Ed (25 Jun 2024)]
A. Lord Ripon
B. Lord Curzon
C. Lord Canning
D. Lord Dalhousie
Answer: A. Lord Ripon
Explanation: Lord Ripon advocated stronger local bodies and enacted an influential policy resolution in 1882. It helped expand municipal and district governance, offering limited opportunities for Indian participation in public administration.
92. Who was the last Governor-General of Company-ruled British India and the first Viceroy?
[WBPSC Miscellaneous 2023 Paper (15 Sep 2024)]
A. Lord Canning
B. Lord Dalhousie
C. Lord Curzon
D. Lord Mountbatten
Answer: A. Lord Canning
Explanation: Lord Canning continued in office through the 1858 transfer of power. The Government of India Act ended East India Company government and enabled the same officeholder to serve as Viceroy representing the British Crown.
91. Warren Hastings became Governor-General of Bengal under which Act?
[SSC MTS (7 Oct 2024, Shift 2)]
A. Regulating Act 1773
B. Government of India Act 1858
C. Indian Councils Act 1909
D. Government of India Act 1935
Answer: A. Regulating Act 1773
Explanation: The Regulating Act of 1773 created the governor-generalship at Fort William in Bengal. Warren Hastings, previously Governor of Bengal, became its first Governor-General, assisted by an executive council.
