Q80. Which disease–category pairing is incorrect?
[UPSC CDS-I 2026, General Knowledge]
- (A) Polio — viral
- (B) Athlete’s foot — fungal
- (C) Dengue — non-viral
- (D) Whooping cough — bacterial
Answer: (C) Dengue — non-viral
Explanation: Dengue is caused by dengue viruses, so calling it non-viral is wrong. Whooping cough is caused by Bordetella pertussis; athlete’s foot is a fungal infection, while poliomyelitis is viral. The question tests accurate distinctions among infectious agents.
Q79. What was the 2025 World Leprosy Day theme?
[RRB NTPC (UG) CBT-I, 9 May 2026]
- (A) Beat Leprosy
- (B) Unite. Act. Eliminate.
- (C) Act Now. End Leprosy.
- (D) United for Dignity
Answer: (B) Unite. Act. Eliminate.
Explanation: The 2025 World Leprosy Day theme was “Unite. Act. Eliminate.” The observance promotes early detection, effective multidrug treatment and reduction of discrimination. Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is a curable bacterial disease associated chiefly with Mycobacterium leprae.
Q78. Identify the bacterial disease among these four conditions.
[DSSSB Assistant Superintendent, 5 July 2026]
- (A) Influenza
- (B) Typhoid
- (C) AIDS
- (D) Ringworm
Answer: (B) Typhoid
Explanation: Typhoid fever results from Salmonella Typhi infection and commonly spreads through contaminated food or water. Influenza and AIDS are viral conditions, whereas ringworm is caused by fungi. This distinction is frequently used in competitive examinations testing microbial classification.
Q77. Which term commonly describes a medicine used to kill or inhibit bacteria?
[DSSSB MTS, 27 July 2026]
- (A) Analgesic
- (B) Antibiotic
- (C) Sedative
- (D) Antacid
Answer: (B) Antibiotic
Explanation: Antibiotics act against susceptible bacteria by killing them or suppressing their growth. Analgesics relieve pain, sedatives produce calmness and antacids neutralise stomach acid. Antibiotics should be prescribed appropriately because misuse promotes antimicrobial resistance and can harm beneficial microbes.
Q76. Which disease is spread primarily through the air?
[UPSC CDS-II 2025, General Knowledge]
- (A) Tuberculosis
- (B) Malaria
- (C) Dengue
- (D) Cholera
Answer: (A) Tuberculosis
Explanation: Pulmonary tuberculosis spreads through inhalation of infectious airborne particles released by people with active lung or laryngeal TB. Malaria and dengue are mosquito-borne, while cholera spreads mainly through contaminated food or water. Ventilation helps reduce airborne TB transmission.
Q75. Which slogan was used for World Tuberculosis Day 2025?
[RRB Group D, 23 December 2025]
- (A) Yes! We Can End TB: Commit, Invest, Deliver
- (B) Unite to End TB: Fund, Innovate, Act
- (C) TB Free by 2030: Global Pact
- (D) End TB Now: Diagnose, Treat, Prevent
Answer: (A) Yes! We Can End TB: Commit, Invest, Deliver
Explanation: The 2025 campaign emphasised commitment, investment and delivery of services to end tuberculosis. World TB Day is observed on 24 March, the anniversary of Robert Koch’s 1882 announcement identifying the tuberculosis bacterium. Early diagnosis and effective treatment remain crucial.
Q74. Which disease did Puducherry target through screening under its Family Adoption Programme?
[RRB Group D, 12 December 2025]
- (A) Dengue
- (B) Diabetes
- (C) Malaria
- (D) Tuberculosis
Answer: (D) Tuberculosis
Explanation: The cited 2025 initiative focused on tuberculosis screening, consistent with India’s National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme. Screening seeks to detect infection and disease earlier, link affected people to proper testing and treatment, and reduce continued community transmission.
Q73. How many groups are traditionally described by the Ridley–Jopling leprosy classification?
[RRB Pharmacist, 28 April 2025]
- (A) Three
- (B) Six
- (C) Five
- (D) Seven
Answer: (C) Five
Explanation: The Ridley–Jopling spectrum comprises five principal groups: tuberculoid, borderline tuberculoid, mid-borderline, borderline lepromatous and lepromatous leprosy. The system reflects differences in host immunity and clinical presentation. An indeterminate early category is sometimes described separately.
Q72. DPT vaccination protects against which three diseases?
[RPF Constable (2024 cycle), 17 March 2025]
- (A) Diphtheria, pneumonia and tetanus
- (B) Diphtheria, pancreatitis and tetanus
- (C) Diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus
- (D) Diphtheria, polio and tetanus
Answer: (C) Diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus
Explanation: DPT combines protection against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. All three are bacterial diseases, although tetanus is acquired from environmental spores rather than ordinary person-to-person spread. Immunisation markedly lowers disease risk and severe complications.
Q71. Which illness is especially associated with drinking untreated, faecally contaminated pond water?
[Punjab Police Constable, 30 May 2025]
- (A) Cholera
- (B) Scurvy
- (C) Beriberi
- (D) Iron-deficiency anaemia
Answer: (A) Cholera
Explanation: Cholera is caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae and is commonly acquired through contaminated water or food. Severe cases cause profuse watery diarrhoea and rapid dehydration. Safe water, sanitation and timely rehydration are the central public-health and clinical responses.