Q50. In what year was the Khalsa established by Guru Gobind Singh?
[SSC GD Constable 2026 – 26 May, Shift 3]
(A) 1606
(B) 1648
(C) 1676
(D) 1699
Answer: (D) 1699
Explanation: Guru Gobind Singh established the Khalsa Panth at Anandpur Sahib during Baisakhi in 1699. The initiation of the Panj Pyare marked the formation of a disciplined Sikh brotherhood dedicated to equality, spiritual devotion, moral courage and resistance against oppression.
Q49. Kartarpur, an important place associated with Guru Nanak, is situated near which river?
[SSC GD Constable 2026 – 26 May, Shift 1]
(A) Ganga
(B) Ravi
(C) Yamuna
(D) Sutlej
Answer: (B) Ravi
Explanation: Kartarpur is situated near the Ravi River in present-day Pakistan. Guru Nanak established a religious community there and spent his final years teaching devotion, honest labour and sharing. Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur commemorates his association with this historic settlement.
Q48. In which year did the British East India Company finally annex Punjab, ending the Sikh Empire?
[SSC GD Constable 2026 – 30 April, Shift 3]
(A) 1836
(B) 1841
(C) 1849
(D) 1856
Answer: (C) 1849
Explanation: Punjab was annexed on 29 March 1849 following the Second Anglo-Sikh War. Governor-General Lord Dalhousie proclaimed British control after the defeat of Sikh forces. Maharaja Duleep Singh lost his kingdom, marking the formal end of independent Sikh sovereignty in Punjab.
Q47. Which bird does the traditional musical instrument Taus, associated with Sikh devotional music, resemble?
[OSSSC Forester, Forest Guard and Excise Constable 2026 – 27 April, Shift 2]
(A) Swan
(B) Peacock
(C) Parrot
(D) Pigeon
Answer: (B) Peacock
Explanation: Taus is a bowed string instrument fashioned in the shape of a peacock. Its name is derived from the Persian word for peacock. Associated with Sikh sacred music, it is traditionally linked to Guru Hargobind and the performance of Shabad Kirtan.
Q46. Match the following socio-religious reform movements with their ideological orientations: Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Aligarh Movement and Singh Sabha Movement.
[UPHESC Assistant Professor History 2026 – 19 April, Shift 1]
(A) Rationalist monotheism, Vedic revivalism, Islamic modernist education, Sikh identity reform
(B) Islamic modernism, rationalist monotheism, Sikh identity reform, Vedic revivalism
(C) Sikh identity reform, Vedic revivalism, rationalist monotheism, Islamic modernism
(D) Rationalist monotheism, Sikh identity reform, Vedic revivalism, Islamic modernism
Answer: (A) Rationalist monotheism, Vedic revivalism, Islamic modernist education, Sikh identity reform
Explanation: Brahmo Samaj challenged religious orthodoxy through monotheistic reform. Arya Samaj promoted reinterpretations of Vedic traditions. The Aligarh Movement emphasized modern education among Muslims. Singh Sabha worked to strengthen Sikh religious identity, literature, education and institutional organization during British rule.
Q45. Which Sikh festival celebrates martial traditions and skills associated with Guru Gobind Singh?
[DSSSB MTS 2026 – 11 April, Shift 3]
(A) Hola Mohalla
(B) Baisakhi
(C) Lohri
(D) Maghi
Answer: (A) Hola Mohalla
Explanation: Hola Mohalla is traditionally celebrated at Anandpur Sahib and is associated with Guru Gobind Singh. It includes martial arts demonstrations, mock battles, processions, religious discourses and devotional music, commemorating the Sikh tradition of combining spiritual discipline with martial preparedness.
Q44. Who were primarily responsible for founding the Singh Sabha of Amritsar?
[UP Police SI 2026 – 15 March, Shift 2]
(A) Bhagat Singh
(B) Thakur Singh Sandhawalia and Giani Gian Singh
(C) Mahatma Gandhi
(D) Baba Ram Singh
Answer: (B) Thakur Singh Sandhawalia and Giani Gian Singh
Explanation: The first Singh Sabha was established in Amritsar in 1873. Thakur Singh Sandhawalia served as its first president, while Giani Gian Singh became its secretary. The movement encouraged Sikh education, religious reform and the preservation of distinct Sikh traditions.
Q43. The Namdhari Movement was modelled after which Sikh tradition?
[UP Police SI 2026 – 14 March, Shift 1]
(A) Nirankari tradition of Baba Dayal
(B) Udasi tradition of Baba Sri Chand
(C) Early Sikh community of Guru Nanak
(D) Khalsa tradition of Guru Gobind Singh
Answer: (D) Khalsa tradition of Guru Gobind Singh
Explanation: The Namdhari or Kuka Movement drew inspiration from the Khalsa tradition. Associated especially with Baba Ram Singh, it emphasized discipline, religious purity, social reform and resistance to foreign domination. Its followers opposed caste discrimination and several prevailing social practices.
Q42. In which year did Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire, die?
[SSC MTS 2025 Paper – Held 18 February 2026, Shift 3]
(A) 1839
(B) 1842
(C) 1845
(D) 1851
Answer: (A) 1839
Explanation: Maharaja Ranjit Singh died on 27 June 1839 in Lahore. Known as Sher-e-Punjab, he consolidated several Sikh misls into a powerful kingdom. His death weakened centralized authority and contributed to the political instability preceding the Anglo-Sikh Wars.
Q41. Which Sikh Guru formally organized the Khalsa into a disciplined military and religious brotherhood?
[Delhi Police Head Constable AWO/TPO 2025 Paper – Held 20 January 2026, Shift 2]
(A) Guru Nanak Dev
(B) Guru Arjan Dev
(C) Guru Tegh Bahadur
(D) Guru Gobind Singh
Answer: (D) Guru Gobind Singh
Explanation: Guru Gobind Singh inaugurated the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib in 1699. He initiated the first five Sikhs, known as Panj Pyare, and established distinctive principles of discipline, equality and collective responsibility, strengthening the Sikh community’s spiritual and martial identity.